Biomedical Sciences Instrumentation

Agostino Accardo

Alessandra Chiap

Silvia Marino

Pietro Lanzafame

Placido Bramanti

Biomedical sciences instrumentation

Kinematic analysis of tremor

震颤的运动学分析

Injury statistics show that lower extremity injuries follow second to head trauma in motor vehicle crashes. Fractures to the ankle/foot make up approximately 35% of all lower extremity injuries in motor vehicle crashes. Previous studies have shown that toe pan intrusion is one of the main causes of foot and ankle fractures in motor vehicle crashes (MVC). This study investigates injury mechanisms of malleolar fractures involving occupants enrolled in the Wake Forest University Crash Injury Research and Engineering Network (WFU CIREN) center. By narrowing cases to frontal impacts (plus or minus 20 degrees principal direction of force) with the case occupant as the driver with lower leg fractures, 16 cases are identified and investigated for trends in lower leg injury. Of these fractures, 81% of the occupants have a body mass index (BMI) greater than 25 kg/m2, with an average BMI of 32 kg/m2, which is obese. For occupants with malleolar fractures the average delta V is 44.1 kph (27.4 mph) and the average intrusion is 9.6 cm. Using radiology images of each ankle fracture in conjunction with interior vehicle evidence, injury mechanisms for malleolar fracture types are identified using the Lauge-Hansen and Weber classifications. The most common malleolar fracture type was supination-exorotation with a Weber B fibular fracture (4 cases). There were also four drivers that sustained trimalleolar fractures. Drivers sustaining lower leg fractures other than malleolar fractures had an average BMI of 30 kg/m2, an average delta V of 39.6 kph (24.6 mph), and average toe pan intrusion of 12.0 cm. Results show that the malleolar fracture and other lower leg fracture datasets have similar average delta Vs and toe pan intrusions, but the average BMI is slightly higher in the malleolar fracture group. These preliminary data suggest that occupants with increased BMI may be more susceptible to ankle fractures in frontal crashes, particularly malleolar fractures. The trends presented in this research will be used for the development of future studies for the enhancement of vehicle safety.

Jillian E Urban

Kathryn L Loftis

Joel D Stitzel

Investigating Injury Mechanism and Occupant BMI for Malleolar Fractures in Frontal Motor Vehicle Collisions

研究正面车辆碰撞中踝部骨折的损伤机制及乘员体重指数

Alternative restraints have been developed for the protection of pediatric occupants in motor vehicle crashes (MVCs). The purpose of this study was to characterize injuries in MVCs for pediatric occupants and to identify scenarios that might benefit from enhanced vehicle safety. Using the National Automotive Sampling System – Crashworthiness Data System (NASS-CDS) from 2000-2008, pediatric occupants (< 19 years old) were characterized by age and injury to determine national averages in MVCs. Of these pediatric cases, 60% sustained injuries, which was comparable to the percentage of all occupants injured (65%). Six percent of NASS-CDS pediatric occupants had abbreviated injury scale (AIS) 2+ injuries, which is the injury inclusion criteria for the Crash Injury Research and Engineering Network (CIREN) pediatric cases. CIREN was used to investigate pediatric occupants and injuries resulting from incorrect positioning and restraints according to NHTSA suggestions. Results indicated that many injured pediatric occupants were not properly restrained, with over 100 under 13 years of age in the front row of the vehicle. There were also over 200 CIREN pediatric occupants under 4’ 9” that were not seated in a child safety seat (CSS). The most frequently injured body region was the face, followed by the head and lower extremity. Eighty-six percent of head injuries and 82% of spinal injuries were AIS 2+. This study supports prior findings that demonstrate a need for enhanced public awareness for proper CSS use in order to reduce pediatric injuries.

ISSN	0067-8856
h-index	37

出版信息	出版商: ISA - Instrumentation, Systems, and Automation Society，出版周期: ，期刊类型: journal，开源期刊: 否
基本数据	创刊年份: 2021，原创研究文献占比: ，自引率:， Gold OA占比:

Biomedical Sciences Instrumentation

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Kinematic analysis of tremor

Investigating Injury Mechanism and Occupant BMI for Malleolar Fractures in Frontal Motor Vehicle Collisions

Pediatric Occupants, Restraint Use, and Injuries in Motor Vehicle Crashes

Miniature in vivo cameras for use in single-incision robotic surgery

Kinematic analysis of tremor

Miniature in vivo cameras for use in single-incision robotic surgery

Miniature in vivo cameras for use in single-incision robotic surgery

Miniature in vivo cameras for use in single-incision robotic surgery

Miniature in vivo cameras for use in single-incision robotic surgery

Miniature in vivo cameras for use in single-incision robotic surgery