Tire Science and Technology is the world"s leading technical journal dedicated to tires. The Editor publishes original contributions that address the development and application of experimental, analytical, or computational science in which the tire figures prominently. Review papers may also be published.    The journal aims to assure its readers authoritative, critically reviewed articles and the authors accessibility of their work in the permanent literature.    The journal is published quarterly by the Tire Society, Inc., an Ohio not-for-profit corporation whose objective is to increase and disseminate knowledge of the science and technology of tires.

Tire Science and Technology is the world's leading technical journal dedicated to tires. The editorial team welcomes original contributions that address the development and application of experimental, analytical, or computational science prominently featuring tires. Review papers may also be published. The journal aims to provide readers with authoritative, critically reviewed articles while ensuring that authors' work is accessible in the permanent literature. It is published quarterly by the Tire Society, Inc., a not-for-profit corporation in Ohio, with the objective of increasing and disseminating knowledge of tire science and technology.

《Tire Science and Technology》是全球领先的轮胎技术期刊，专注于轮胎相关的研究。编辑部欢迎原创性贡献，涉及实验、分析或计算科学在轮胎领域的开发与应用。期刊也会发表综述性论文。期刊旨在为读者提供权威、经过严格审查的文章，并确保作者的研究成果能够在永久文献中被广泛获取。该期刊由位于俄亥俄州的非营利组织Tire Society, Inc.出版，目标是增加和传播轮胎科学与技术的知识。

Tire Science and Technology

ABSTRACT Finite element analysis has become a standard tool in the engineer’s toolbox for tire and vehicle development work, with the goal of simulations replacing early prototypes and tests becoming a reality. However, 50 years ago this was just a glimmer on the horizon, with most of the fundamental model features and solution methodologies used in today’s tire simulations, which are now taken for granted as routine, not existing in the finite element codes. Hence, tire researchers in the early 1970s began developing and incorporating technologies into the codes so that basic tire mechanics could be represented, allowing increasing levels of tire performance simulations to be performed. The current model and simulation capabilities have been built upon this foundation of research and applications to give engineers a wide range of tire performance solutions that can be entrusted to virtually develop tires and vehicles for production. This article reviews the early years of the development and application of tire finite element analyses, giving current users of the method an understanding of the foundational work that was done and the main people involved in its development.

Ron Kennedy

A Look Back at the First Two Decades of Tire Finite Element Analysis—Laying the Foundation

轮胎有限元分析前二十年回顾——奠定基础

James McIntyre

Marion Pottinger

In Memory of Alan Veith

纪念艾伦·维思

ABSTRACT To develop applicable friction and wear models on tire scale, reliable test data are required. Consequently, friction tests on block level are requested because the distribution of contact pressure as well as slip velocity is nearly homogeneous at the contact surface of the sliding rubber block. However, wear mechanism and energy intensity levels of sliding rubber blocks and rolling rubber wheels or tires differ significantly. Consequently, linking both sliding and rolling frictional abrasion is required; thus, a wear model for rubber material is introduced to consider both deformation slip and sliding. The model input for sliding friction and resulting wear rate is derived from linear friction test experiments using sliding rubber blocks at different loading. A unique and sophisticated re-mesh algorithm ensures proper mesh modification due to abrasion of the structure. A wear energy evolution approach is developed to consider low abrasion with small sliding distances to predict wear at rolling rubber wheels. The simulation framework of abrasion modeling is successfully validated using laboratory abrasion tests.

Felix Hartung

Michael Hindemith

Matthias Wangenheim

Michael Kaliske

Frictional Abrasion of Rubber: Transition from Sliding to Rolling

橡胶的摩擦磨损：从滑动到滚动的转变

ABSTRACT This study investigates and provides a framework for addressing a reported tire- sourced cabin noise in the mid-frequency range of 300–500 Hz for an electric vehicle (EV). Noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) of EVs present new challenges compared with internal combustion engine vehicles because of significant design changes between the two vehicle types. In turn, the tire–road interaction noise becomes a more significant source of cabin noise in EVs. In this regard, some prominent EV manufacturers recently reported relatively high measured cabin noise, particularly in the mid-frequency range of 300–500 Hz. Identifying the root cause(s) of noise in that range is a challenging task, as both tire structure–borne and airborne sources are contributors in that frequency range of elevated noise. The current work presents the results of an experimental modal analysis to provide insight into some potential sources of the reported noise for an all-season tire/wheel assembly designed for an EV. The subsequent parametric simulations, conducted via the tire–vehicle finite element model, evaluate some of the mitigation solutions for the reported noise.

Pejman Razi

A Study on the Mid-frequency Tire-Sourced Cabin Noise in Electric Vehicles

电动汽车中频轮胎源车内噪声研究

ABSTRACT The nonpneumatic tire (NPT), as the name suggests, is a type of tire that does not use air to support the load. Because of their outstanding advantages, such as durability and low rolling resistance, these tires have attracted much interest. The study of NPTs has drawn considerable recent attention, and some research was conducted to investigate their mechanical response. However, these studies did not consider an analysis of an NPT against obstacles. Therefore, in this article, the static and dynamic behaviors of an NPT with honeycomb structures rolling over different obstacles are investigated using numerical simulation. The flexible spokes, which are the most important part of NPTs, are assumed to have a honeycomb structure with the same cell wall thickness and angle. Based on the mesostructures hypothesis, these spokes are considered to be made of polyurethane material. To perform a more precise analysis, various parameters such as nonlinear properties of the material and contact condition are taken into account to establish the finite element model. The results, which can be used as a benchmark and are suitable for design purposes, are presented elaborately.

Afshin Ashofteh

Amirhossein Shahdadi

Effect of Different Road Obstacles on the Structural Behavior of a Honeycomb Nonpneumatic Tire

不同路面障碍物对蜂窝非充气轮胎结构行为的影响

ABSTRACT When a vehicle brakes, the heat generated by friction will increase the temperature of the tire tread and cause thermal wear, which will reduce the tread’s thickness or destroy the tread pattern’s integrity, thereby affecting the tire friction performance. While existing research primarily focuses on optimizing braking distance under ideal tire slip ratio (SR) through antilock braking systems (ABSs), little attention is given to whether this could lead to potential adverse consequences of increased tire temperature and thermal wear. Moreover, there is a lack of studies examining tire temperature and thermal wear under nonideal SRs. To address this gap, a MATLAB model is developed to simulate tire dynamics and estimate tread temperature across diverse braking scenarios. Results indicate a strong linear relationship between braking distance and tire temperature under ideal SR across different road conditions. ABS is an effective mechanism for reducing tire thermal wear and preserving tire friction performance. Interestingly, at higher SRs, a particular scenario arises wherein braking distance is elongated while tire temperature remains low. Additionally, the study discusses the influence of air convection cooling on tire temperature fluctuations. This study provides insights into the effects of ABS and SR on tire thermal wear.

Abbreviation	Tire. Sci. Technol.
Journal Impact	0.72
Quartiles(Global)	ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL(Q4)

ISSN	0090-8657, 1945-5852
h-index	30

Publication Information	Publisher: Tire Society Inc.，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 1987，Proportion of original research papers: 100.00%，Self Citation Rate:0.00%， Gold OA Rate: 0.00%

Tire Science and Technology

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A Look Back at the First Two Decades of Tire Finite Element Analysis—Laying the Foundation

In Memory of Alan Veith

Frictional Abrasion of Rubber: Transition from Sliding to Rolling

A Study on the Mid-frequency Tire-Sourced Cabin Noise in Electric Vehicles

Effect of Different Road Obstacles on the Structural Behavior of a Honeycomb Nonpneumatic Tire

A Look Back at the First Two Decades of Tire Finite Element Analysis—Laying the Foundation

In Memory of Alan Veith

Frictional Abrasion of Rubber: Transition from Sliding to Rolling

A Study on the Mid-frequency Tire-Sourced Cabin Noise in Electric Vehicles

Temperature Rise of Vehicle Tire at Braking