The Arab Journal of Plant Protection is an open access journal included in CABI, AGRIS and Google Scholar data bases and indexed by Scopus. The journal’s aim is the promotion of plant health for crops grown in the Arab and Near East region and for safe food production and transfer of new knowledge on plant pests and their sustainable management. The journal deals with all scientific

The Arab Journal of Plant Protection is an open access journal that is included in CABI, AGRIS, and Google Scholar databases and indexed by Scopus. The journal aims to promote plant health for crops grown in the Arab and Near East region, ensuring safe food production, and transferring new knowledge on plant pests and their sustainable management. It covers all scientific research related to plant protection.

《Arab Journal of Plant Protection》是一本开放获取的期刊，已被CABI、AGRIS和Google Scholar数据库收录，并被Scopus索引。该期刊旨在促进阿拉伯及近东地区作物的植物健康，确保安全的食品生产，并传播有关植物害虫及其可持续管理的新知识。期刊涵盖所有与植物保护相关的科学研究。

Arab Journal of Plant Protection

Yahya, E.E. and M.T. Mohammadali. 2023. Evaluation of the Efficacy of Oxymatrine, Emamectin Benzoate and Silica and Zinc Nanoparticles for Controlling the Adults of Trogoderma granarium (Evert) Under Laboratory Conditions. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 41(2): 168-172. https://doi.org/10.22268/AJPP-41.2.168172 This study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of Oxymatrine, Emamectin benzoate, and silica and zinc nanoparticles against the adults of Khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium (Evert) under laboratory conditions. Results revealed that Oxymatrine gave the highest mortality rate, reaching 100% at a concentration of 2.5 ml/L water 7 days after treatment, compared with 63.33% for Emamectin benzoate, at a concentration of 1.25 ml/L following the same period after treatment. The results obtained indicated that the use of silica nanoparticles achieved a high mortality rate of 37.11% at the concentration of 300 mg/kg seeds compared with 23.11% for zinc nanoparticles 7 days after treatment. The combination of Oxymatrine and silica nanoparticles at a concentration of 1 ml/L and 300 mg/kg seeds, respectively, gave the highest mortality rate of 100%, 5 days after treatment. Keywords: Trogoderma granarium, oxymatrine, emamectine benzoate, nanoparticals

Elaf Yahya

Mushtaq Mohamad Ali

Arab Journal Of Plant Protection

Evaluation of the Efficacy of Oxymatrine, Emamectin Benzoate and Silica and Zinc Nanoparticles for Controlling the Adults of Trogoderma granarium (Evert) Under Laboratory Conditions.

实验室条件下评估氧化苦参碱、甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐、二氧化硅和锌纳米颗粒对谷斑皮蠹成虫的控制效果。

Farag, A.A., A.H. El Kenawy and E.A. Refaei. 2023. Field Evaluation of a Commercial Biopesticide in Comparison with a Conventional Insecticide Against Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval) and Scrobipalpa ocellatella (Boyd) Sugar Beet Insect Pests and their Effect on the Associated Predators. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 41(3): 266-271. https://doi.org/10.22268/AJPP-041.3.266271 In this study, the insecticidal activities of one commercially available biopesticide, Biotect of B. thuringeinsis var. kurstaki, (9.4% WP, 32000 I.U./mg), and the conventional insecticide, Andros 5.7% WDG (Emamectin benzoate), against Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) and Scrobipalba ocellatella (Boyd) larvae and three natural enemies; Chrysoperla carnea (Steph.), Coccinella undecimpunctata L. and Scymnus interruptus (Goeze) were evaluated during 2020 and 2021 seasons in sugar beet fields at Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt. Andros was the most effective against S. littoralis and S. ocellatella populations with reduction of 83.3% and 91% in 2020 and 82.60% and 88.96% in 2021, respectively. Whereas, Biotect had the least effect with 67.2% and 60% reduction in 2020, and 70.12% and 56.4% reduction in 2021 for S. littoralis and S. ocellatella, respectively. On the other hand, treatments had a mediocre effect during the two seasons on the predators. Andros showed the highest effect on S. interruptus larvae with a reduction of (91.0% and 98.5% reduction), on C. undecimpunctata (81.66% and 83.22% reduction) and on C. carnea (78.12% and 86.19% reduction) in 2020 and 2021 growing seasons, respectively. Andros induced the highest decline in insect numbers. From this study, it can be proposed that Biotect is a promising B. thuringeinsis product for the biocontrol of cotton leaf worm and beet moth under field conditions. Keywords: Sugar Beet, Spodotera littoralis, Scrobipalba ocellatella, Biopesticides, Predators, Field evaluation.

Abdelsalam A. Farag

Ahmed H. El Kenawy

Elsayed A. Refaei

Field Evaluation of a Commercial Biopesticide in Comparison with a Conventional Insecticide Against Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval) and Scrobipalpa ocellatella (Boyd) Sugar Beet Insect Pests and their Effect on the Associated Predators

商业生物农药与常规杀虫剂对甜菜害虫棉铃虫和甜菜潜叶蛾的田间评价及其对相关捕食者的影响

Arab, A., A. Y. Ali, M. Zeity, M. Saleh, O. Salman, L. El-Dahhak, R. Darwish and J. Ammar. 2023. Preliminary Study of Insect Pests on Carthamus tinctorius L. and their Associated Natural Enemies along the Syrian Coast. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 41(3): 258-265. https://doi.org/10.22268/AJPP-41.3.258265 The study was conducted on safflower fields at both Al-Sanoubar (Latakia) and Jamasa (Tartous) Research Stations during 2018, 2019 and 2020 seasons. It aimed to identify insect pests and associated natural enemies on the safflower. Results obtained identified 28 insect pest species feeding on different parts of safflower, ten species of sucking insects (Uroleucon sp., Brachycaudus sp., Mzyus persica, Aphis fabae, Lygus sp., Oxycarenus sp., Dionconotus neglectus, Carpocoris mediterraneus, Eurydema ornata and Thrips tabaci), eight lepidopteran species, six species of beetles and four dipteran species (one species of Agromyzidae and three species of Tephritidae). The incidence of fruit flies at Al-Sanoubar station was 49% in the 2019 season. Seven species of predator insects were identified: Coccinella septempunctata, Cheilomenes sp., Hippodamia variegate, Scymnus syriacus, Orius sp., Chrysoperla carnea and Syrphus sp. Three hymenoptera species of parasitoids Bracon spp. and Apanteles sp. were also recorded. Keywords: Safflower, insect pests, natural enemies, Syria

atiya Arab

Ali Yassin Ali

Mehran Zeity

Manal Saleh

Ola Salman

Layla El-Dahhak

Rabih Darwich

Jaafar Ammar

Preliminary Study of Insect Pests on Carthamus tinctorius L. and their Associated Natural Enemies along the Syrian Coast

红花上害虫及其相关天敌的初步研究：叙利亚海岸沿线

Shaabow, A. and A. Haj Hassan. 2023. Pathogenicity of the Fungus Beauveria bassiana and Cladosporium sp. on Different Life Stages of the Two Spotted Spider Mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch Under Laboratory Conditions. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 41(3): 314-320. https://doi.org/10.22268/AJPP-41.3.314320 This study was carried out in the entomology laboratory of the Agricultural Scientific Research Center in Lattakia, Syria, to evaluate and compare the effect of local isolates of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana and two isolates of the fungus Cladosporium spp. on different life stages of the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae during October 2021.Conidial suspension for each fungal isolate were applied at a concentration of 1×107 conidia/ml, on the different stages of mites (adults, nymphs, eggs), using the direct spraying method. The effects of each isolate were significantly different between stages. The results obtained showed that the most affected stage was the adults stage, with a death rate of 100% when treated with B. bassiana isolate, whereas it reached 72.5 and 58.5% when the two isolates of Cladosporium sp. were used. The egg stage was less sensitive to infection with fungi, where the death rate reached 59% for one of the two isolates of Cladosporium sp., 45.13% for the second isolate and 38.25% for the B. bassiana isolate. The half lethal time (LT50) was 3.82 days for the B. bassiana isolate on the adults stage, whereas isolate 2 of Cladosporium spp. was more effective on nymph and egg stages, with LT50 reached 7.77 and 8.68 days, respectively. Keywords: Tetranychus urticae, biological control, Beauveria bassiana, Cladosporium spp

Alissar Shaabow

Amal Haj Hassan

Pathogenicity of the Fungus Beauveria bassiana and Cladosporium sp. on Different Life Stages of the Two Spotted Spider Mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch Under Laboratory Conditions

实验室条件下白僵菌和枝孢菌对二斑叶螨不同生命阶段的致病性研究

Abuelnour, N.A. 2023. The Mortality Effect of Some Plant Powders on the Cowpea Beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus Fab. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 41(3): 327-331. https://doi.org/10.22268/AJPP41.3.327331 This study aimed to test the biological effect of four plant powders: black pepper (Piper nigrum), ginger (Zingiber offiicinale), retem (Retama raetam) and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) against cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculates Fab. in chickpeas using five concentrations, 0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0% (w/w). Results obtained showed that all tested plant powders produced significantly higher mortality than the control and reached 80.63% in 96 h. Mortality rates increased proportionally with duration of exposure. The black pepper P. nigrum caused the highest beetles mortality at all exposure times which differed significantly from mortalities caused by the other plant powders used in this experiment. Keywords: Callosobruchus maculatus, plant powders, chickpeas, mortality

Nagat Ali Abuelnnor

The Mortality Effect of Some Plant Powders on the Cowpea Beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus Fab. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

某些植物粉末对豆象（Callosobruchus maculatus Fab.）的致死效应（鞘翅目：叶甲科）

Esber, R. 2024. The Effectiveness of Some Plant Extracts Against Adults of The Rice Weevil, Sitophilus oryzae L. Under Laboratory Conditions. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 42(3): 368-376. https://doi.org/10.22268/AJPP-001248 In this study, the effectiveness of three plant extracts (Schinus molle, Melia azedarach and Thymus vulgaris) against adults of the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), using concentrations of 25, 50 and 100%, were investigated. Insect mortality was evaluated 1, 2, 3, 4, 9, 15 and 20 days after treatment, and the corrected mortality rate in addition to the LC50 and LC90 and the LT50 and LT90 values were calculated. The results obtained showed an increase in the mean of corrected mortality rate with increasing concentration and time after treatment, where the values reached 70, 100 and 80% at the concentration of 100% one day after treatment with plant extracts of S. molle, M. azedarach and T. vulgaris, respectively. The extract M. azedarach was superior to the extracts of S. molle and T. vulgaris with a significant difference at P=0.01. The LC50 values 4 days after treatment were 54.42% for S. molle, 30.23% for M. azedarach, and 39.19% for T. vulgaris. Whereas the LC90 values were 64.68 and 78.89% for M. azedarach and T. vulgaris, respectively. The LT50 and LT90 values at the concentration of 50% were 5.51 and 39.81 days for the S. molle, 1.04; 11.94 days for the M. azedarach; 1.59 and 35.17 days for the T. vulgaris extracts. Whereas the LT50 values at a concentration of 100% were less than one day for the three studied extracts. The highest effectiveness of M. azedarach extract was achieved at concentrations of 25 and 50%, and the values were similar to T. vulgaris extract at a concentration of 100%, when the corrected mortality rate reached 100% three days after treatment, with both extracts being superior to the S. molle extract at the same concentration and time after treatment. Keywords: Extracts, Schinus molle, Melia azedarach, Thymus vulgaris, rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae

Rehab Esber

The Effectiveness of Some Plant Extracts Against Adults of The Rice Weevil, Sitophilus oryzae L. Under Laboratory Conditions

实验室条件下某些植物提取物对米象成虫的防治效果

Walash, E.H., S.Z. Elkholy and M.R. El-Aassar. 2024. Effect of Temperature and Prey on Biology and Life Table Parameters of Predatory Mite Phytoseius finitimus Reared on Aceria melongena and Tetranychus urticae Under Laboratory Conditions. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 42(3): 361-367. https://doi.org/10.22268/AJPP-001247 The developmental time, fecundity and life table parameters of the phytoseiid predatory mite Phytoseius finitimus Ribaga fed on immature stages of Aceria melongena (Zaher &amp; Abou-Awad) and Tetranychus urticae Koch were studied in the laboratory at three different temperatures (22, 27 and 32°C), to find out the possibility of using the predator as a biological control component of eggplant phytophagous mites. Total developmental time of P. finitimus female and male was shortest and reached 5.56 and 5.33 days, respectively, on A. melongena at 32°C, whereas the longest period was 12.05 and 10.96 days, respectively, on T. urticae at 22°C. The oviposition period was longest 33.35 days on T. urticae at 22°C. The total egg production rates were the highest on A. melongena (40.37 eggs/female) with daily rate of 2.05 eggs/♀/day at 32°C. A diet of A. melongena showed a higher value of the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) which was 0.230 ♀/♀/day at 32°C. The net reproductive rate was highly affected by temperatures where (R0) values were 23.45 and 19.19; 19.79 and 16.99; 16.98 and 12.72 ♀/♀ at 32, 27 and 22°C for A. melongena and T. urticae, respectively. The predation rates of P. finitimus increased with temperature increase. A significant difference between the three temperatures and two prey diets on the feeding capacity of adult female and male. The lowest life cycle thermal threshold (t0) ranged between 8.55 and 12.41°C. The lower temperature threshold (t0) and thermal constant (K) for the total immature stages of this predator was calculated to be 11.72 and 115.22°C degree-days for A. melongena, and 7.94 and 171.63°C degree-days for T. urticae, respectively. These values suggested that the optimal temperature for the population growth of P. finitimus ranged between 27 and 32°C. Our findings suggest that P. finitimus can successfully complete its life cycle on A. melongena and T. urticae and have excellent potential as a biological control agent for two pests on eggplant under field conditions. Temperatures 22 and 27°C seem to be more suitable for mass rearing of this predator mite fed on two prey diets. The eriophyid mite A. melongena was more favored to the predator mite than T. urticae. Keywords: Phytoseiidae, Eriophyidae, Tetranychidae, biological control, predation

Eman H. Walash

Samah Z. Elkholy

Masoud R. El-Aassar

Effect of Temperature and Prey on Biology and Life Table Parameters of Predatory Mite Phytoseius finitimus Reared on Aceria melongena and Tetranychus urticae Under Laboratory Conditions

温度和猎物对实验室条件下饲养的捕食螨Phytoseius finitimus在Aceria melongena和Tetranychus urticae上的生物学及生命表参数的影响

Al-Shweily, B.M., J.B. El-Zidawi and M.J. Hinnawi. 2024. Laboratory Evaluation of the Efficiency of The Entomopathogenic Fungus Beauvaria bassiana as a Biological Control Factor Against the Cucurbit Fly, Dacus ciliates. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 42(3): 335-339. https://doi.org/10.22268/AJPP-001260 The cucurbit fly, Dacus ciliatus is a major pest which attack a wide range of crops and causes significant losses in agricultural production. Due to the high toxicity of chemical pesticides on human health and the environment, scientists focused on developing alternative safe methods to control this insect, including the use of biocontrol agents. Beauveria bassiana is one of the common fungi used as a bio-control agent. This entomopathogenic fungus was cultivated on Petri dishes containing PDA. The spore suspension of this fungus was prepared using sterilized distilled water, and three concentrations were used: 20×106 , 10×106 and 5×106 spores/ml. The effectiveness of these three concentrations was tested on larvae and pupae of the studied insect. The larval mortality rate ranged from 73.33% at the highest concentration to 33.33% at the lowest concentration used. Pupal mortality reached 66.66% at the highest concentration and 16.66% at the lowest concentration of spore suspension. Mortality rate was directly proportional to the spore suspension concentration of the entomopathogenic fungus. Keywords: Cucurbit fly, agricultural pest, biological control, Dacus ciliates, Beauveria bassiana, entomopathogenic fungi.

Bodour M. Al-Shweily

Jawad B. El-Zidawi

Mohamad J. Hinnawi

Laboratory Evaluation of the Efficiency of The Entomopathogenic Fungus Beauvaria bassiana as a Biological Control Factor Against the Cucurbit Fly, Dacus ciliates

实验室评估白僵菌作为生物防治因子对瓜实蝇的防治效率

El-Shennawy, R.M. 2024. Toxicity of Zingiber officinale Nanoparticles Against the Spiny Bollworm, Earias insulana and Their Effects on Some Biological and Histological Aspects. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 42(2): 202-207. https://doi.org/10.22268/AJPP-001237 The toxicity of Ginger extract nano-sized particles (Ginger AgNPs) against the spiny bollworm (Earias insulana) larvae, and its adverse effects on some biological and histological aspects were studied under controlled conditions of 26±1°C and 75±5% RH. LC50 treatment of newly hatched larvae produced larval and pupal mortality rates of 60.00 and 47.06%, respectively, compared to the control treatment (6.33 and 2.00%). Treatment resulted in significant larval and pupal deformity rates (11.00 and 13.51%, respectively) compared to the control (1 and 3%). Ginger AgNPs greatly reduced the adult emergence rate (52.94 %) with a high rate of malformation (11.11%) compared to 89.0 and 0.0 % for the control, respectively. Treatment sharply affected females’ fecundity (69.67%) with an acute decrease in oviposition periods and hatchability rate (66.67%) in comparison to the untreated control. The LC50 of Ginger AgNPs resulted in different histological alternations in the cuticle and midgut compared to the normal structure of the control. Keywords: Ginger, nanoparticles, spiny bollworm, biological changes, histological changes.

Rania M. El-Shennawy

Toxicity of Zingiber officinale Nanoparticles Against the Spiny Bollworm, Earias insulana and Their Effects on Some Biological and Histological Aspects

姜黄素纳米颗粒对棉铃虫的毒性及其对某些生物学和组织学方面的影响

Nourpour, F., S. Aramideh, S. Mirfakhraie and H. Kamali. 2024. Biology of Apricot Bud Gall Mite, Acalitus phloeocoptes Determining the Emergence Time of the First Generation Using the Degree Day Model and Its Control. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 42(3): 275-280. https://doi.org/10.22268/AJPP-001255 The plum bud gall mite, Acalitus phloeocopte Nalepa (Acari: Trombidiformes) is one of the important pests of plum trees. The biology and control of this mite during the 2021-2022 period was investigated. The results obtained showed that this mite had four generations a year and spends the winter as adult female mite. The estimated degree days (DD) for the emergence of 50% of wintering mites with two temperature thresholds of 6.2 and 5.8°C degrees were calculated as 68.50 and 88.00 DD in 2021 and 72.00 and 90.50 DD in 2022, respectively. The number of new galls formed by this mite following different treatments such as volck oil (as winter oil), liquid sulfur, propargit, phenpyroxymit, abamectin, tetradifon and sunmite along with water as a control treatment was determined. The results showed that in 2021, the sulfur treatment led to the least number of new galls 14.22±0.53, whereas in 2022 abamectin gave the least number of new galls 17.70±1.32. The integrated pest/crop management including pruning and removing infested branches in winter, a foliar spray with 80% liquid sulfur at the end of winter before budding or spraying with abamectin using degree-days following 50% overwintering mite emergence from galls, gave the best results and is recommended for adoption by farmers. Keywords: Biology, degree day, plum bud mite, control, acaricides.

Fereshteh Nourpour

Shahram Aramideh

Shahram Mirfakhraie

Hashem Kamali

Biology of Apricot Bud Gall Mite, Acalitus phloeocoptes Determining the Emergence Time of the First Generation Using the Degree Day Model and Its Control

Publication Information	Publisher: Arab Society for Plant Protection，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 2017，Proportion of original research papers: 0.00%，Self Citation Rate:N.A.， Gold OA Rate: 0.00%

Arab Journal of Plant Protection

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