《中国物理快报》提供物理学各个领域的短篇报告和重要研究的快速出版，由中国物理学会出版，IOP PUBLISHING 在线主办。

Chinese Physics Letters is a journal published by the Chinese Physical Society and online hosted by IOP PUBLISHING, aiming to rapidly disseminate important research findings and short reports in various fields of physics.

《Chinese Physics Letters》是由中国物理学会出版、IOP PUBLISHING 在线主办的期刊，旨在快速发布物理学各个领域的重要研究成果和短篇报告。

Chinese Physics Letters

We study the multiphoton ionization of potassium atoms in 800 nm and 400 nm femtosecond laser fields. In the 800 nm laser field, the potassium atom absorbs three photons and emits one electron via one photon resonance with the 4 p intermediate state with the help of the ac-Stark shift. The resonance feature is clearly shown as an Autler–Townes (AT) splitting and is mapped out in the electron kinetic energy spectrum. In a 400 nm laser field, although one photon resonance is possible with the 5 p state, no splitting is observed. The different transition amplitudes between 4 s –4 p and 4 s –5 p explain the observed results. Due to the AT effect, an unexpected peak in the photoelectron energy spectrum that violates the dipole transition rule is observed. A preliminary explanation involving the spin-orbit interaction in the p state is given to account for this component. The observed AT-splitting in the electron kinetic energy distribution can be used as an effective method to calibrate the intensity of a laser field.

Wankai Li

Yue Lei

Xing Li

Tao Yang

Mei Du

Ying Jiang

Jialong Li

Sizuo Luo

Aihua Liu

Lanhai He

Pan Ma

Dongdong Zhang

Dajun Ding

Multiphoton Ionization of Potassium Atoms in Femtosecond Laser Fields

飞秒激光场中钾原子的多光子电离

A new shedding phenomenon of ventilated partial cavitations is observed around an axisymmetric projectile in a horizontal launching experiment. The experiment system is established based on SHPB launching and high speed photography. A numerical simulation is carried out based on the homogeneous mixture approach, and its predicted evolutions of cavities are compared with the experimental results. The cavity breaks off by the interaction between the gas injection and the re-entry jet at the middle location of the projectile, which is obviously different from natural cavitation. The mechanism of cavity breaking and shedding is investigated, and the influences of important factors are also discussed.

Yi-Wei Wang

Chen-Guang Huang

Te-Zhuan Du

Xian-Qian Wu

Xin Fang

Nai-Gang Liang

Yan-Peng Wei

Shedding Phenomenon of Ventilated Partial Cavitation around an Underwater Projectile

水下射弹周围通气局部空化的脱落现象

Silane (SiH 4 ) is a promising hydrogen-rich compound for pursing high temperature superconducting. Previous high pressure measurements of Raman, x-ray diffraction and theoretical studies on SiH 4 mainly focused on its polymorphic structures above 50 GPa, while the structure and the stability under lower pressure range are still unclear. Here we report an investigation of condensed SiH 4 by Brillouin scattering measurements at high temperature up to 407 K and high pressure up to 18 GPa. Brillouin scattering frequencies of fluid SiH 4 under compression are obtained under isothermal conditions of 300 K, 359 K and 407 K. The SiH 4 becomes unstable with increasing temperature and subsequently decomposes into silicon and H 2 . We find that compression at room temperature induces two velocity anomalies corresponding to a fluid-solid state transition and a phase IV to phase V transition, respectively. Brillouin scattering spectra has been a powerful tool to investigate the fruitful phases and structure transitions in the hydrogen-rich compound under extreme conditions.

Jiayu Wang

Qiang Zhou

Siyang Guo

Yanping Huang

Xiaoli Huang

Lu Wang

Fangfei Li

Tian Cui

Velocity and Stability of Condensed Polymorphic SiH4: A High-Temperature High-Pressure Brillouin Investigation*

Abstract The discovery of high-temperature superconductivity in La 3 Ni 2 O 7 and La 4 Ni 3 O 10 under pressure has drawn extensive attention. Herein, we report systematic investigations on the structure, magnetism, and electrical resistance evolutions of Pr 4 Ni 3 O 10-δ polycrystalline samples under various pressures. Pr 4 Ni 3 O 10-δ exhibits density wave transitions on Ni and Pr sublattices at about 157.6 K and 4.3 K, respectively, and the density wave can be progressively suppressed by pressure. A structural transformation from the monoclinic P 2 1 / a space group to the tetragonal I 4/ mmm occurs at around 20 GPa. An apparent drop in resistance with evident magnetic field dependence is observed as pressure above 20 GPa, indicating the emergence of superconductivity. The discovery of superconductivity in Pr 4 Ni 3 O 10-δ broadens the family of nickelate superconductors. Pr 4 Ni 3 O 10-δ provides a new platform for investigating the mechanisms of superconductivity in the Ruddlesden–Popper phases of nickelates.

Xing Huang

Hengyuan Zhang

Jingyuan Li

Mengwu Huo

Junfeng Chen

Zhengyang Qiu

Peiyue Ma

Chaoxin Huang

Hualei Sun

Meng Wang

Signature of Superconductivity in Pressurized Trilayer-nickelate Pr4Ni3O10-δ

高压三层镍酸盐Pr4Ni3O10-δ中超导性的特征

Abstract This review provides a comprehensive overview of current research on the structural, electronic, and magnetic characteristics of the recently discovered high-temperature superconductor La 3 Ni 2 O 7 under high pressures. We present the experimental results for synthesizing and characterizing this material, derived from measurements of transport, thermodynamics, and various spectroscopic techniques, and discuss their physical implications. We also explore theoretical models proposed to describe the electronic structures and superconducting pairing symmetry in La 3 Ni 2 O 7 , highlighting the intricate interplay between electronic correlations and magnetic interactions. Despite these advances, challenges remain in growing high-quality samples free of extrinsic phases and oxygen deficiencies and in developing reliable measurement tools for determining diamagnetism and other physical quantities under high pressures. Further investigations in these areas are essential to deepening our understanding of the physical properties of La 3 Ni 2 O 7 and unlocking its superconducting pairing mechanism.

Hai-Hu Wen

Tao Wu

Dao-Xin Yao

Tao Xiang

Normal and Superconducting Properties of La3Ni2O7

La3Ni2O7的正常和超导特性

Abstract Recently, the breakthrough high-pressure synthesis of the $sp^3$-bonded clathrate-like $R$-3$m$-LaB$_8$ featuring La-trapped B$_{26}$ cages was achieved. Although the superconducting critical temperature ($T_c$) and Vickers hardness ($H_v$) for LaB$_8$ were estimated, the anisotropic superconductivity and the superconducting gaps nature remain unclear. Meanwhile, the stability of pure B$_{26}$ cages under ambient conditions also piqued our interest in exploring the hardness of B$_{26}$ and the role of La atoms in hardness of LaB$_8$. By resolving the Allen-Dynes modified McMillan equation and the anisotropic Eliashberg equations, it is revealed that LaB$_8$ exhibits anisotropic single-gap superconductivity with $T_c$ of 19.0 $\sim$ 26.5 K, and the anisotropic ratio of the superconducting gap reaches up to 48.50% at 5 K. Most significantly, our work fundamentally validated the coupling of B-2$p$ orbitals with the optical double-degenerate $E_g$ phonon modes and $A_g$ phonon mode from a novel perspective. The $H_v$ of B$_{26}$ cages was determined to be 18.6 GPa, which is lower than that of La-trapped B$_{26}$ ones (i.e., LaB$_8$), indicating that the element La act as an enhancer of hardness for LaB$_8$.

Haoqi Chen

Yushan Tang

Haowen Jiang

Xuehui Jiang

Jialin Wang

Chengyao Zhang

Defang Duan

Jing Dong

Yanbin Ma

Ambient-pressure anisotropic single-gap superconductivity in La-trapped B26 cages with superior hardness

环境压力下各向异性的单间隙超导性在具有优异硬度的La捕获B26笼中

Abstract The colored noise disrupts detailed balance, enabling directed transport in ratchet systems without additional driving forces. Despite a well-established understanding of the conditions for Brownian motors, the quantification of the driving effect of colored noise, and its connection to deviations from equilibrium, remains unexplored. In this study, we examine the directed motion of an overdamped Brownian motor, within an asymmetric traveling potential, subjected to the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck colored noise. We propose a scheme to quantify the driving effect of colored noise by defining an effective force, based on the stopping velocity of the traveling potential, where directed transport halts. Our results reveal a non-monotonic dependence of the effective force on the noise correlation time and a monotonic dependence on noise strength, corresponding to double and single current reversals, respectively. The non-monotonicity of the current is attributed to the interplay between the fluctuating characteristics and the driving effects of colored noise.

Zhichao Zhang

Yue Liu

Congmin Wu

Dahai He

Quantifying the Driving Effect of Colored Noise in Brownian Motors

量化有色噪声在布朗马达中的驱动效应

Abstract Nonreciprocal isolators enable unidirectional light propagation without back reflection. Typical terahertz isolators require magnetic fields to break the time reversal symmetry. Here, we propose a nonmagnetic isolator in the terahertz range based on nonreciprocal graphene plasmon operated in reflection configuration. The bias voltage generates the drift current in graphene which breaks the time-reversal symmetry and induces the nonreciprocal reflection. The isolator device exhibits a high isolation beyond 20 dB with insertion loss less than 3 dB. Moreover, the bandwidth with isolation beyond 20 dB can be broadened by five times to 1.7 THz via tuning the carrier density. The indexes including isolation, insertion loss and bandwidth of the isolator show strong dependence on the drift velocity and mobility of graphene, as well as the air-gap thickness. Our work shows great potential in the burgeoning terahertz technology where nonmagnetic and electrically tunable isolators are still lacking.

Chen-Ran Xu

Weiru Fan

Yanhao Tang

Dawei Wang

Electrically tunable graphene terahertz isolator assisted by nonreciprocal plasmon

电调控石墨烯太赫兹隔离器借助非互易等离子体辅助

Abstract Quantum collision model provides a promising tool for investigating system-bath dynamics. Most of the studies on quantum collision models work in the resonant regime. In quantum dynamics, the off-resonant interaction often brings in exciting effects. It is thereby attractive to investigate quantum collision models in the off-resonant regime. On the other hand, a bath with a negative absolute temperature is anticipated to be instrumental in developing thermal devices. The design of an effective bath with negative absolute temperature coupled to a qubit is significant for developing such thermal devices. We establish an effective negative-absolute-temperature bath coupled to a qubit with a quantum collision model in a far-off-resonant regime. We conduct a detailed and systematic investigation on the off-resonant collision model. There is an additional constraint on the collision duration resulting from the far-off resonant collision. The dynamics of the collision model in the far-off-resonant regime are different from the one beyond the far-off-resonant regime. Numerical simulations confirm the validity of the proposed approach.

Wei-Bin Yan

Zhong-Xiao Man

Ying-Jie Zhang

Yun-Jie Xia

An off-resonant quantum collision model: Realizing a qubit coupled with an effective negative temperature bath

一个非共振量子碰撞模型：实现一个与有效负温度浴耦合的量子比特

Abstract Wide-bandgap two-dimensional (2D) β-TeO 2 has been reported as a high-mobility p -type transparent semiconductor ( Nat. Electron . 2021 , 4 , 277-283), attracting significant attention. This “breakthrough” not only challenges the conventional characterization of TeO 2 as an insulator but also conflicts with the anticipated difficulty in hole doping of TeO 2 by established chemical trends. Notably, the reported Fermi level of 0.9 eV above the valence band maximum actually suggests that the material is an insulator, contradicting the high hole density obtained by Hall effect measurement. Furthermore, the detected residual Se and the possible reduced elemental Te in the 2D β-TeO 2 samples introduces complexity, considering that elemental Se, Te, and Te 1- x Se x themselves are high-mobility p -type semiconductors. Therefore, doubts regarding the true cause of the p -type conductivity observed in the 2D β-TeO 2 samples arise. In this Letter, we employ density functional theory calculations to illustrate that TeO 2 , whether in its bulk forms of α-, β-, or γ-TeO 2 , or in the 2D β-TeO 2 nanosheets, inherently exhibits insulating properties and poses challenges in carrier doping due to its shallow conduction band minimum and deep valence band maximum. Our findings shed light on the insulating properties and doping difficulty of TeO 2 , contrasting with the claimed p -type conductivity in the 2D β-TeO 2 samples, prompting inquiries into the true origin of the p -type conductivity.

短名	Chinese Phys. Lett.
Journal Impact	3.67
国际分区	PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY(Q1)
期刊索引	SCI Q2中科院 2 区中国科学引文数据库中国科技核心期刊目录

ISSN	0256-307X, 1741-3540
h-index	76
国内分区	物理与天体物理(2区)物理与天体物理物理综合(3区)

涉及主题	物理量子力学材料科学工程类化学光学有机化学计算机科学数学复合材料光电子学热力学电气工程凝聚态物理核物理学生物冶金原子物理学
出版信息	出版商: IOP Publishing Ltd.，出版周期: Monthly，期刊类型: journal，开源期刊: 否
基本数据	创刊年份: 1984，原创研究文献占比: 98.87%，自引率:11.40%， Gold OA占比: 0.31%
平均审稿周期	网友分享经验：平均5.1个月
平均录用比例	网友分享经验：87%

Chinese Physics Letters

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Multiphoton Ionization of Potassium Atoms in Femtosecond Laser Fields

Shedding Phenomenon of Ventilated Partial Cavitation around an Underwater Projectile

Velocity and Stability of Condensed Polymorphic SiH₄: A High-Temperature High-Pressure Brillouin Investigation*

Signature of Superconductivity in Pressurized Trilayer-nickelate Pr₄Ni₃O_10-δ

Normal and Superconducting Properties of La₃Ni₂O₇

Ambient-pressure anisotropic single-gap superconductivity in La-trapped B₂₆ cages with superior hardness

Quantifying the Driving Effect of Colored Noise in Brownian Motors

Electrically tunable graphene terahertz isolator assisted by nonreciprocal plasmon

An off-resonant quantum collision model: Realizing a qubit coupled with an effective negative temperature bath

Is p-Type Doping in TeO₂ Feasible?

Chinese Physics Letters

期刊引文格式

有 1 位以上作者的期刊

有 2 位作者的期刊

有 3 位作者的期刊

有 5 位以上作者的期刊

书籍引用格式

学位论文引用格式

网页引用格式

专利引用格式

手工熬夜修改参考文献？研飞自动匹配期刊，一键轻松成稿，支持 Word/WPS

投稿经验分享

Multiphoton Ionization of Potassium Atoms in Femtosecond Laser Fields

Shedding Phenomenon of Ventilated Partial Cavitation around an Underwater Projectile

Velocity and Stability of Condensed Polymorphic SiH4: A High-Temperature High-Pressure Brillouin Investigation*

Signature of Superconductivity in Pressurized Trilayer-nickelate Pr4Ni3O10-δ

Normal and Superconducting Properties of La3Ni2O7

Ambient-pressure anisotropic single-gap superconductivity in La-trapped B26 cages with superior hardness

Quantifying the Driving Effect of Colored Noise in Brownian Motors

Electrically tunable graphene terahertz isolator assisted by nonreciprocal plasmon

An off-resonant quantum collision model: Realizing a qubit coupled with an effective negative temperature bath

Is p-Type Doping in TeO2 Feasible?

Velocity and Stability of Condensed Polymorphic SiH₄: A High-Temperature High-Pressure Brillouin Investigation*

Signature of Superconductivity in Pressurized Trilayer-nickelate Pr₄Ni₃O_10-δ

Normal and Superconducting Properties of La₃Ni₂O₇

Ambient-pressure anisotropic single-gap superconductivity in La-trapped B₂₆ cages with superior hardness

Is p-Type Doping in TeO₂ Feasible?