Empire Survey Review

"THE COMPILATION OF A RECONNAISSANCE MAP OF ALEXANDER LAND, ANTARCTICA, FROM TRIMETROGON AIR PHOTOGRAPHS." Empire Survey Review, 16(121), pp. 143–144

P. G. Mott

THE COMPILATION OF A RECONNAISSANCE MAP OF ALEXANDER LAND, ANTARCTICA, FROM TRIMETROGON AIR PHOTOGRAPHS

南极洲亚历山大岛侦察地图的编制：基于三基线航空照片

The accuracy required in the positioning of magnet units of the large CERN Proton Synchrotron imposed preliminary studies of the stability of the superficial ground and of the deep layers before designing the proper foundations. Repeated precise surveys, above and under ground, carried out with a O·1 mm. accuracy, brought to light periodic expansions of the subground (10−6 in relative size), connected with periodic tiltings (10−6 radians), both phenomena being indirect effects of Atlantic Ocean tides. These movements made it necessary to contrive elastic foundations for the magnets. The study of their stability, together with optical refraction considerations, led to the conception of.the method to be used to position the units. A final accuracy of ±0·125 mm. r.m.s. was achieved around the 100 metres radius circle. As a conclusion, possible methods of surveys for future larger synchrotrons are considered.

A. E. Decae

PRECISION SURVEY OF THE 28 BeV SYNCHROTRON IN THE EUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH

欧洲核子研究中心28 BeV同步加速器的精密测量

There are signs that long overdue inquiries into the state of their profession are now being conducted by Land Surveyors themselves. The education aspect has been thoroughly investigated at the Colloquium convened last year in Canada, and also by the Wells Report to the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors in the United Kingdom. In South Africa, Dr. Biesheuvel has dealt with both the educational and professional. aspects of the private practising profession in a challenging article in the South African Survey Journal of December 1959.

P. Hartoǵ

THE TYRANNY OF SURVEY REGULATIONS

调查法规的暴政

For many years stars have been observed at elongation, or round about elongation, for the purposes of determining azimuth. The method has many advantages, not the least of which is that an accurate knowledge of time is not required. If the instant of observation is known to within seconds—or even to within minutes in some instances—a fairly precise determination of azimuth will result.

A. F. Smith

CRITERIA FOR THE DETERMINATION OF AZIMUTH BY OBSERVING STARS AT ELONGATION

观测星体大距确定方位角的准则

Since the number of variables which can affect refraction, directly or indirectly, is large, it was decided to bring about simplification by choosing flat, level sites with even surface conditions. This ensured that the effect of topography, aspect and surface conditions was constant along the length of the line. (However, topography beyond the level site could still have a variable effect.) The dependence of refraction on height above ground was to be measured firstly by observing more than one target, at different heights in the same vertical plane, and secondly by varying the height of the observing instrument. The effect of all the factors· determining the temperature of the surface was to be measured by taking the temperature of the surface, and measuring the intensity of radiation reaching the surface.

P. V. Anǵus-Leppan

A STUDY OF REFRACTION IN THE LOWER ATMOSPHERE

下层大气折射研究

The trilateration method of determining geodetic coordinates has become increasingly significant since the introduction of optic-electrical and electronic methods for the measurement of distances. The associated problem of computation and adjustment of trilateration nets has already received much attention, and the solution of large systems of equations does not present unsurmountable difficulties now that electronic computers are more readily available. Nevertheless, it is interesting—and not only for theoretical reasons—to investigate the possibilities of solving this problem using a mecahnical analogue computer based on the principle of elastic systems.

H. G. Jerie

D. Kennedy

ANALOGUE COMPUTER FOR CALCULATING AND ADJUSTING TRILATERATION NETS

用于计算和调整三边测量网的模拟计算机

"THE ADJUSTMENT AND WEIGHTING OF DISSIMILAR QUANTITIES." Empire Survey Review, 16(126), pp. 381–382

J. E. Lilly

THE ADJUSTMENT AND WEIGHTING OF DISSIMILAR QUANTITIES

不同量纲的调整与加权

Details of N.P.L. Standard Frequency Radio Signals are given in the D.S.I.R. pamphlet “M.S.F. Standard Frequency Transmissions from the United Kingdom”. In addition, some information about these signals is reproduced in “The Admiralty List of Radio Signals”, Vol. V (1960 Edition, page 46 et seq.).

G. B. Tait

USES OF THE M.S.F. STANDARD FREQUENCY RADIO TIME SIGNAL IN ASTRO-SURVEY WORK

M.S.F.标准频率无线电时间信号在天文测量工作中的应用

In the combined adjustment of distance and direction, the use of the correction per unit distance is defended and a method of weighting is proposed which conforms to this. The meaning of the word “weight” in connection with the determination of the precision of the adjusted unknowns or functions of the observations is examined and its use criticised.

H. Biesheuvel

A Considerable volume of literature has been built up on the use of the tellurometer in survey operations, including methods of adjustment of a combined system of angle and length observations. However, very little guidance has, as yet, been given on the relative weights to be attached to each kind of observation; this is a fundamental problem in all systems which include different kinds of observation in one combined solution. Several figures are examined here in which both angles and lengths have been observed to primary standards and in which there are a large number of conditions in each solution figure. This investigation leads to quite definite recommendations which are, moreover, simple in application and which should give the best possible results.

Publication Information	Publisher: Taylor and Francis Ltd.，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 1931，Proportion of original research papers: ，Self Citation Rate:， Gold OA Rate:

Empire Survey Review

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THE COMPILATION OF A RECONNAISSANCE MAP OF ALEXANDER LAND, ANTARCTICA, FROM TRIMETROGON AIR PHOTOGRAPHS

PRECISION SURVEY OF THE 28 BeV SYNCHROTRON IN THE EUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH

THE TYRANNY OF SURVEY REGULATIONS

CRITERIA FOR THE DETERMINATION OF AZIMUTH BY OBSERVING STARS AT ELONGATION

A STUDY OF REFRACTION IN THE LOWER ATMOSPHERE

ANALOGUE COMPUTER FOR CALCULATING AND ADJUSTING TRILATERATION NETS

THE ADJUSTMENT AND WEIGHTING OF DISSIMILAR QUANTITIES

USES OF THE M.S.F. STANDARD FREQUENCY RADIO TIME SIGNAL IN ASTRO-SURVEY WORK

THE ADJUSTMENT AND WEIGHTING OF DISSIMILAR QUANTITIES

THE WEIGHTING OF TELLUROMETER LENGTHS IN RELATION TO OBSERVED ANGLES