Applied Research in Mental Retardation

Two, identical multiple-baseline-across-subjects designs were used to compare the effects of single instance and general case instruction on the generalized dressing of youth and adults with severe mental retardation. Performance across eight nontrained, probe shirts was used to assess generalization of the skill “putting on pullover shirts.” Following training with a single shirt, subjects exhibited limited success with the eight nontrained shirts. Only after training with a set of shirts that sampled the range of stimulus and response variation for “putting on pullover shirts” was successful gernalization observed. Results suggest that the response variations taught during general case instruction played a major role in improved performance across the nontrained shirts. Implications of the results are discussed for instruction in applied settings, and for research methodology in the analysis of generalization.

H. Michael Day

Robert H. Horner

Response variation and the generalization of a dressing skill: Comparison of single instance and general case instruction

响应变异与穿衣技能的泛化：单实例与一般情况指导的比较

Johnny L. Matson

The history of lithium therapy

锂疗法的历史

Three doses of Naloxone (0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 mg.) were compared to treatment with saline in a double-blind crossover design. Neither of the two female subjects altered their rate of self-injurious behavior as a result of treatment. The present results suggest that naloxone does not reduce self-injurious behavior in all individuals.

Bill E. Beckwith

Deborah I. Couk

Kevin Schumacher

Failure of Naloxone to reduce self-injurious behavior in two developmentally disabled females

纳洛酮未能减少两名发育障碍女性自伤行为

This article summarizes current trends in speech and language pathology services to individuals with Down syndrome. Data was collected through the use of a questionnaire mailed to speech and language pathologists who regularly serve clients with Down syndrome. Most widely used assessment instruments, therapy materials, sources of information, and need for materials to be developed are presented as they relate to services for birth-3 year olds, 3-5 year olds, school-age-14 year olds, prevocational-18 year olds, and above-age-18 adult services. The discussion addresses specific needs for research and needed direction for evaluation and treatment with the Down syndrome population.

Libby Kumin

A survey of speech and language pathology services for down syndrome: State of the art

唐氏综合症言语和语言病理学服务调查：现状

Direct care staff were taught via picture programs to transfer nonambulatory, severely mentally retarded men between their beds and wheelchairs. Still color photographs illustrated essential details of the complex behavior sequences. Staff transferring performance improved markedly over that shown on a pretest. Study guide questions increased the effectiveness of the programs, perhaps because the questions encouraged accurate observation of the pictures. The procedures may suggest cost effective alternatives to traditional forms of inservice training.

出版信息	出版商: Pergamon Press Ltd.，出版周期: ，期刊类型: journal，开源期刊: 否
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Applied Research in Mental Retardation

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Response variation and the generalization of a dressing skill: Comparison of single instance and general case instruction

The history of lithium therapy

Failure of Naloxone to reduce self-injurious behavior in two developmentally disabled females

A survey of speech and language pathology services for down syndrome: State of the art

The use of picture programs in teaching direct care staff

Response variation and the generalization of a dressing skill: Comparison of single instance and general case instruction

The history of lithium therapy

Failure of Naloxone to reduce self-injurious behavior in two developmentally disabled females

A survey of speech and language pathology services for down syndrome: State of the art

The use of picture programs in teaching direct care staff