CURRENT EYE RESEARCH 的主要目标是提供高质量的全文、简短交流和小型评论的快速出版。 CURRENT EYE RESEARCH 发表的文章涵盖眼科研究的所有领域。学科领域包括：临床研究、解剖学、生理学、生物物理学、生物化学、药理学、发育生物学、微生物学和免疫学。

CURRENT EYE RESEARCH aims to provide rapid publication of high-quality full texts, brief communications, and mini-reviews. The articles published in this journal cover all areas of ophthalmic research, including clinical studies, anatomy, physiology, biophysics, biochemistry, pharmacology, developmental biology, microbiology, and immunology.

CURRENT EYE RESEARCH 旨在快速出版高质量的全文、简短交流和小型评论。该期刊发表的文章涵盖眼科研究的各个领域，包括临床研究、解剖学、生理学、生物物理学、生物化学、药理学、发育生物学、微生物学和免疫学。

Current Eye Research

AbstractPurpose: To investigate the (i) effect(s) of cholinergics on the expression and secretion of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β2 in human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and (ii) mechanism of action of atropine in the treatment of myopia.Materials and Methods: The RPE cell line, D407, was (i) treated with carbachol (10 µM), (ii) treated with atropine (10 nM–100 µM), or (iii) pre-treated with atropine (10 nM–100 µM) and then exposed to carbachol (10 µM). A no-treatment group served as control. Expression of TGF-β2, after stimulation at different time points (2, 4, 8, 16, 24, and 48 hr), was measured by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Secretion of TGF-β2 was determined by ELISA.Results: Carbachol induced a time-dependent increase in the levels of TGF-β2 mRNA and protein in the cytoplasm (p < 0.001). ELISA assays showed a time-dependent increase in levels of TGF-β2 protein in the supernatant with carbachol treatment (p < 0.001). There was no change of TGF-β2 in the cytoplasm or supernatant with atropine alone (p > 0.05). The increased expression and secretion of TGF-β2 caused by carbachol were suppressed by atropine (in the range of 10 nM–100 µM) when compared to treatment with carbachol alone (p < 0.001). The stimulating effect of 10 µM carbachol was inhibited completely by 100 µM atropine.Conclusions: In RPE cells, atropine inhibits the expression and secretion of TGF-β2 by blocking the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR), which may control the development of myopia.KEYWORDS:: AtropineCarbacholMyopiaRetinal pigment epitheliumTransforming growth factor-β2 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSDeclaration of interest: This research was supported by Natural Science Foundation of Human Province, China (No. 08JJ3047). The authors report no conflict of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper.

Jia Tan

Zhi-hong Deng

Shuang-zhen Liu

Jian-tao Wang

Chen Huang

TGF-β2 in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells: Expression and Secretion Regulated by Cholinergic Signals In Vitro

Purpose/Aim: To employ corneal confocal microscopy to assess differences in the extent of corneal nerve fiber alterations between diabetic patients classed according to retinopathy status and nondiabetic patients.

E. Nitoda

P. Kallinikos

A. Pallikaris

J. Moschandrea

G. Amoiridis

E. S. Ganotakis

M. Tsilimbaris

Correlation of Diabetic Retinopathy and Corneal Neuropathy Using Confocal Microscopy

使用共聚焦显微镜研究糖尿病视网膜病变与角膜神经病变的相关性

Purpose: To evaluate the association of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-9 gene polymorphisms with normal tension glaucoma (NTG) and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in the South Korean population.Materials and Methods: A total of 700 South Korean subjects were recruited: 146 patients with NTG, 174 patients with POAG, and 380 healthy adults. Five single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; rs3918429, rs2274755, rs3787268, rs3918261, and rs3918270) of MMP-9 were analyzed in all subjects. The association with each disease was tested using an allelic χ2 test and p values were corrected by permutation tests with 100 000 permutations.Results: Among the five SNPs, rs2274755 showed a significant association with NTG (p = 0.021). The T allele of rs2274755 had an allelic odds ratio of 1.67 (95% confidence interval, 1.12–2.50). The association remained significant after correction using permutation tests (p = 0.039). It was also significant in an association analysis for genotype frequency (p = 0.011). The SNP was predicted to be found within a splicing site and a conserved region. No SNPs analyzed were significantly associated with POAG (p > 0.05).Conclusions: The rs2274755 SNP in the MMP-9 gene was significantly associated with NTG. This supports a possible role of the MMP-9 gene in NTG pathogenesis.

Wool Suh

Hong-Hee Won

Changwon Kee

The Association of Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the MMP-9 Gene with Normal Tension Glaucoma and Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma

MMP-9基因中单核苷酸多态性与正常眼压性青光眼和原发性开角型青光眼的关联

Goggles that degrade the retinal image produce axial enlargement of the ocular globe and large myopic refractive errors. Many authors have assumed that visual image degradation itself leads to myopia. Hodos and co-authors have shown, however, that goggled eyes in chicks are considerably warmer than normal. Such temperature changes may either underlie or be a consequence of alterations in choroidal blood flow (CBF). Since alterations in CBF could affect eye growth, we explored the effect of monocular goggling on CBF in chicks. Plastic goggles were glued over one eye in four-day old chicks and the goggles were left in place for 12 or 14 days. Fourteen days after the goggling, CBF was measured using laser Doppler velocimetry. Three groups of chicks were studied: 1) chicks with goggles for 14 days; 2) chicks with goggles for 12 days followed by no goggles for the two days; 3) age matched non-goggled chicks. A -scan ultrasonography confirmed that the visual deprivation produced vitreous chamber elongation in the goggled eye and that the degree of elongation for the goggled eye was the same for the two goggled groups. The results were: 1) blood flow in non-goggled chicks was similar in both eyes; 2) blood flow was significantly reduced in the goggled eye in chicks wearing goggles for 14 days- 37% of control; and 3) blood flow was still significantly reduced in the goggled eye in chicks whose goggles were removed two days before measurement- 51% of control. These results show that CBF is reduced by goggles that result in myopic eye growth.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Yung-Feng Shih

Malinda E.C. Fitzgerald

Thomas T. Norton

Paul D.R. Gamlin

William Hodos

Anton Reiner

Reduction in choroidal blood flow occurs in chicks wearing goggles that induce eye growth toward myopia

佩戴诱导眼轴向近视增长的眼罩的小鸡出现脉络膜血流减少

Growth hormone (GH) is considered essential for postnatal somatic growth, exerting its effects on growth by hepatic production of IGF-I. IGF and other growth factors interact with the developing ocular tissues by influencing the synthesis of the extracellular matrix of the sclera and by inducing angiogenesis. The association between optic nerve hypoplasia, reduced retinal vascularization and GH deficiency (GHD) is well known. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the possible influence of congenital GHD on the refraction and on the emmetropization process.Eighty children with congenital GHD had a thorough ophthalmologic examination, including cycloplegic refraction and axial length measurement. As a control group we enrolled 483 healthy children.In accordance with other epidemiological studies, the control group showed a slightly myopic mean defect; on the contrary, in GHD group we found a hyperopic defect, related to a shorter axial length, with statistically significant differences.Our findings emphasise the possible role of growth hormone in ocular development, and its interaction with the physiological process of emmetropization.

Fulvio Parentin

Giorgio Tonini

Paolo Perissutti

Refractive evaluation in children with growth defect

生长缺陷儿童的屈光评估

Purpose To explore the contribution and impact of fibrous scleral remodeling in the early recovery from lens induced myopia of chicks.

Denise Hileeto

Jonathan M. Wong

Elizabeth L. Irving

Scleral Remodeling in Early Recovery from Induced Experimental Myopia

诱导性实验性近视早期恢复中的巩膜重塑

Purpose Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common complication of diabetes mellitus. Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) plays an important regulatory role in the transcription of several genes. This study aimed to mine and identify hub genes relevant to STING in DR.

Yu Wang

Siyan Liu

Qi Zhou

Yalin Feng

Qin Xu

Linbi Luo

Hongbin Lv

Bioinformatics for the Identification of STING-Related Genes in Diabetic Retinopathy

生物信息学在糖尿病视网膜病变中识别STING相关基因的应用

Purpose Oxidative stress, ultraviolet radiation, and calcium imbalance are key components in the onset and advancement of cataract, which continue to be the leading cause of blindness globally. An important newly discovered aging maker, Senescence marker protein 30 (SMP30) regulates calcium and participates in mitigating oxidative stress damage. Here, we examined the beneficial role of SMP30 in protecting against ultraviolet radiation type B (UVR-B)-induced cataract in rats.

Tian Lan

Yongshun Liang

Qingqiao Gan

Hao Liang

SMP30 Alleviates Oxidative Stress and Regulates Ca 2+ -ATPase Activity in UVR-B-Induced Cataracts in Rats

SMP30缓解氧化应激并调节UVR-B诱导的大鼠白内障中的Ca2+-ATP酶活性

The potential risks and benefits of cataract surgery, in context of congenital aniridia (CA), are not widely understood, yet. Our purpose was to investigate the effect of lens properties on visual acuity (VA), aniridia-associated keratopathy (AAK) stage and presence of glaucoma at the Homburg Aniridia Center.

Annamária Náray

Fabian N. Fries

Cristian Munteanu

Mária Csidey

Tanja Stachon

Neil Lagali

Achim Langenbucher

Barbara Käsmann-Kellner

Berthold Seitz

Nóra Szentmáry

The Effect of Lens Properties on Visual Acuity, Aniridia Associated Keratopathy and Secondary Glaucoma in Congenital Aniridia Subjects

镜片特性对先天性无虹膜患者视力、无虹膜相关角膜病变及继发性青光眼的影响

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a chronic retinal disease that can lead to blindness. While the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is implicated in AMD, the specific roles of miR-21 and NLRP3 in AMD-related inflammation remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the roles of miR-21 and NLRP3 in blue light-induced neurodegeneration in the mouse retina.

Yi Zhang

Xingzhao Xu

Effects of miR-21/NLRP3 on Blue Light-Induced Retinal Neurodegeneration in Mice

miR-21/NLRP3对蓝光诱导的小鼠视网膜神经退行性变的影响

Abbreviation	Curr. Eye Res.
Journal Impact	1.59
Quartiles(Global)	OPHTHALMOLOGY(Q3)

ISSN	0271-3683, 1460-2202
h-index	89

Publication Information	Publisher: Taylor and Francis Ltd.，Publishing cycle: Monthly，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 1984，Proportion of original research papers: 93.60%，Self Citation Rate:0.00%， Gold OA Rate: 13.02%
Average review cycle	网友分享经验：一般,3-8周
Average recruitment ratio	网友分享经验：容易

Current Eye Research

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TGF-β₂ in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells: Expression and Secretion Regulated by Cholinergic Signals In Vitro