Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal publishes papers on all aspects of social, personality, and developmental psychology. The journal has successfully published the work of over 5,500 researchers and professionals, continuously for over 40 years. Now in its prime, the journal looks forward with enthusiasm to continued professional maturity and service to its readership and discipline.

Social Behavior and Personality is an international journal that publishes papers on all aspects of social, personality, and developmental psychology. The journal has successfully published the work of over 5,500 researchers and professionals continuously for over 40 years. Now in its prime, the journal looks forward with enthusiasm to continued professional maturity and service to its readership and discipline.

《Social Behavior and Personality》是一本国际期刊，专注于社会心理学、人格心理学和发展心理学的各个方面。该期刊已成功发表超过5500名研究人员和专业人士的研究成果，持续出版超过40年。如今，该期刊正处于发展的巅峰，期待继续为其读者和学科提供专业服务。

Social Behavior and Personality

This study examines the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of Connor and Davidson's Resilience Scale (CD-RISC; 2003), an American instrument originating from a posttraumatic stress disorder research program. Confirmatory factor analysis of the Chinese data failed to verify the original 5-factor structure of CD-RISC obtained in the USA, while exploratory factor analysis resulted in a 3-factor structure of resilience (labeled respectively as Tenacity, Strength, and Optimism). The reliability coefficient of the Chinese version of CD-RISC was 0.91. The validity of CD-RISC was also satisfying in terms of the actual data matching the expected correlation between resilience measure and the variables of selfesteem, life satisfaction, and personality trait factors of NEO-FFI. It is concluded that the construct of resilience and its measurement from the West can be helpful and applicable in understanding Chinese adaptive behaviors, however, the understanding of the construct may also need some modification according to Chinese culture.

Xiaonan Yu

Jianxin Zhang

Social Behavior and Personality An International Journal

soc behav pers

FACTOR ANALYSIS AND PSYCHOMETRIC EVALUATION OF THE CONNOR-DAVIDSON RESILIENCE SCALE (CD-RISC) WITH CHINESE PEOPLE

中国人群中康纳-戴维森韧性量表（CD-RISC）的因素分析与心理测量评估

We used philanthropy–product fit, philanthropy–consumer lifestyle fit, and authenticity to empirically examine the determinants of consumers' perceptions of food service firms' philanthropy. We recruited 458 participants who had purchased from 1 of 3 food service brands and had perceived that the firm had implemented philanthropy. The results indicate that perceived authenticity had the greatest influence on perceived philanthropy, followed by philanthropy–consumer lifestyle fit and then philanthropy–product fit. Further, perceived philanthropy positively influenced consumer loyalty. Thus, we have affirmed the importance of the fit between perceived authenticity and consumer lifestyle to enhance consumers' perception of firms' philanthropy.

Hyeon-Mo Jeon

Do-Hyun Jeon

Seon-Hee Kim

Eun-Hye Ki

Consumers' perceptions of food service firms' philanthropy: Roles of fit and perceived authenticity

This study examined the influence of affective personality, perfectionism, gender, arousal and dilemma content on moral reasoning. 264 participants were presented with moral dilemmas to which they had to provide a solution that reflected various degrees of justice and care. The results indicated that a) affective personality had an effect on moral reasoning, b) female participants reported higher levels of care morality than did male participants, c) gender interacted with perfectionism in the production of moral standpoints, d) dilemma content exerted a strong effect on the participants' use of moral strategy. It was concluded that although moral reasoning appears to be governed primarily by the dilemma content at hand, an individual's moral solutions are influenced by gender and affective state.

Jens Agerström

Kristiina Möller

Trevor Archer

MORAL REASONING: THE INFLUENCE OF AFFECTIVE PERSONALITY, DILEMMA CONTENT AND GENDER

道德推理：情感人格、困境内容和性别的影响

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between social self-efficacy and interpersonal stress in adolescence. Three scales, measuring social self-efficacy, interpersonal stress and interpersonal stress coping were administered to 180 high school students. Scores on social self-efficacy were negatively correlated with those on interpersonal stress and interpersonal stress coping. Furthermore, interpersonal stress scores correlated positively with interpersonal stress coping. A two-factor analysis on the mean scores for factors of interpersonal stress was conducted to examine social self-efficacy and interpersonal stress coping differences, and the effect of social self-efficacy on the reducing of interpersonal stress.

Rumi Matsushima

Kunio Shiomi

SOCIAL SELF-EFFICACY AND INTERPERSONAL STRESS IN ADOLESCENCE

The purpose of these studies was to develop a valid measure of trait gratitude, and to evaluate the relationship of gratitude to subjective well-being (SWB). Four studies were conducted evaluating the reliability and validity of the Gratitude Resentment and Appreciation Test (GRAT),
 a measure of dispositional gratitude. This measure was shown to have good internal consistency and temporal stability. The GRAT was shown to relate positively to various measures of SWB. In two experiments, it was shown that grateful thinking improved mood, and results also supported the predictive
 validity of the GRAT. These studies support the theory that gratitude is an affective trait important to SWB.

Philip C. Watkins

Kathrane Woodward

Tamara Stone

Russell L. Kolts

Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal

GRATITUDE AND HAPPINESS: DEVELOPMENT OF A MEASURE OF GRATITUDE, AND RELATIONSHIPS WITH SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING

This study explored the effect of physical exercise on social anxiety among college students and the chain mediating role of body image and self-esteem in this relationship. Participants comprised 550 undergraduate and graduate students who completed online surveys. Results were as follows: (a) physical exercise was significantly correlated with social anxiety, body image, and selfesteem among college students; (b) social anxiety among college students was significantly and negatively correlated with body image and self-esteem; (c) physical exercise among college students had a negative predictive effect on social anxiety; and (d) body image and self-esteem played both independent and chain mediating roles in the effect of physical exercise on social anxiety. The results showed that physical exercise could predict social anxiety through the mediating effects of body image and self-esteem as well as the chain mediating effect of the two. These findings provide solutions and practical guidance for mitigating the effects of social anxiety on college students.

Hongxin Huang

Yong Jiang

Physical exercise and social anxiety among college students: A chain mediation model

大学生身体锻炼与社交焦虑：链式中介模型

User engagement within online brand communities has the potential to yield knowledge value, innovation value, and direct economic value for enterprises. Comprehending the factors that influence user engagement has emerged as a pressing concern for enterprises. We utilized trait activation theory to examine the causal combinations that impact high levels of user engagement, while considering the interaction between personality traits and community situations. Employing fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis, we examined a sample of 323 brand community users and found five distinct pathways that yielded high user engagement. Agreeableness functioned as a facilitator; both openness and neuroticism were integrated with frequent interpersonal interaction and rapid product iteration in the community, which jointly promoted user engagement. These findings provide valuable insights for enterprises' online brand communities, as they show the value of adopting personalized strategies to elicit user engagement among individuals with diverse personality traits.

Xuejiao Mi

Huiying Zhang

Fei Qu

Influence of personality traits and community situations on user engagement in online brand communities: A fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis

人格特质与社区情境对在线品牌社区用户参与度的影响：基于模糊集定性比较分析

During livestream marketing, streamers tend to overstate the quality of products, encouraging customers to make impulsive purchases. The high return rate and difficulty in returning items indicate the importance of the service guarantee provided by livestream businesses. This study investigated the impact of the service guarantee on purchase intention in livestream marketing, which is a new business model. We conducted a survey of 409 participants with experience in livestream shopping. The results were as follows: (a) a service guarantee with moderate commitment, loose conditions, and ease of use was positively related to purchase intention; (b) perceived risk mediated the relationship between service guarantee and purchase intention; (c) streamer–product matching played a moderating role in the relationship between service guarantee and purchase intention; and (d) the effect of moderate commitment on purchase intention was enhanced by increased streamer–product matching. These findings provide insights for livestream ecommerce businesses using service guarantee strategies to help them attract customers and increase their purchase intentions.

Rong Li

Xuemin Gao

Effect of service guarantee on consumer purchase intention in livestream marketing

服务保障对直播营销中消费者购买意愿的影响

Entrepreneurial persistence is pivotal for entrepreneurial success. In this crosssectional study, we drew on social capital theory, social support theory, and social cognitive theory to examine the predictive effect of social capital on entrepreneurial persistence among rural returnee entrepreneurs in China. Analyses of data collected from a sample of 344 rural migrant workers who had founded businesses upon returning to their hometown revealed a positive association between social capital and entrepreneurial persistence. Further, social support was a significant mediator in this relationship. By integrating social and individual factors, this study offers novel insights and practical implications for understanding and fostering entrepreneurial persistence among rural returnee entrepreneurs.

Meijiao Huang

Rongrong Zhao

How does social capital promote rural returnee entrepreneurs' entrepreneurial persistence?

社会资本如何促进农村归国创业者创业坚持？

This study investigated the link between corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives, leadership, employee admiration and altruism, and burnout in the urban healthcare sector of a developing country, Pakistan. Grounded in conservation of resources (COR) theory, our research demonstrates how CSR, augmented by admiration, altruism, and humble leadership, mitigates burnout. Insights were drawn from professionals in eight CSR-engaged private hospitals via a three-wave data collection process. The findings highlight CSR's role in fostering employee pride and countering burnout, as well as the significant impact of humble leadership. The research illuminates the interplay between corporate ethics and employee morale, suggesting that CSR activities are not merely philanthropic endeavors but strategic investments in human capital. Given the unique socioeconomic challenges of this context, our study offers crucial insights and lays the groundwork for further research in varied cultural settings.

Abbreviation	soc behav pers
Journal Impact	0.85
Quartiles(Global)	PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL(Q4)

ISSN	0301-2212, 1179-6391
h-index	75

Publication Information	Publisher: Society for Personal Research，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 1996，Proportion of original research papers: 100.00%，Self Citation Rate:10.00%， Gold OA Rate: 5.68%

Social Behavior and Personality

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