Acta Geologica Hispanica

T. Pike

P. A. Johnston

T.J. Zavortink

G.O. Poinar

Acta geológica hispánica/Acta geologica hispanica

Paleoculicis on the neuropterofauna (Insecta, Neuroptera) from Cretaceous Canadian amber, with a summary of described fossil mosquitoes

加拿大白垩纪琥珀中的古蚊与神经翅目昆虫（昆虫纲，神经翅目），以及已描述的化石蚊子概述

A. Aiachi

Saïdati Bouhlassa

M. Moukhchane

Estimates of soil erosion and deposition of cultivated soil of Nakhla watershed, Morocco

摩洛哥纳赫拉流域耕作土壤侵蚀与沉积的估算

Three new Orthoptera, Ensifera (Hagloidea and Gry l l avoidea) from the Gres a Voltzia (Upper Buntsandstein, transition Lowe r / M i d d l e Triassic) of the Vosges (France) are described based on forewings. G a l l i agryllavus voge s i a c u s n.gen., n.sp. (Gry l l avidae) shows affi n ities with Gryllavus madyge n i c u s S H A ROV 1968 from the Triassic of Madygen (Kirghizistan). Tr i a s s o p a ra c y r t o p hyllites bifurc a t u s n.gen., n.sp. (Tuphellidae) displays some similarities with Pa racyrtophillites undulatus S H A ROV 1968 from the Upper Jurassic of Karatau (Kazakhstan). Vo l t z i a h agla pseudov e i n o s a n.gen., n.sp. (Haglidae) seems close to the genus A rch ab o i l u s M A RT Y N OV 1937 from the Lower Jurassic of Shurab (Ta d j i k i s t a n ) . These three Ensifera which belong to distinct families underscore the diversity of the Hagloidea and the Gry l l avoidea at the boundary b e t ween the Lower and Middle Triassic. A cladistic study would be necessary to determine the phy l ogenetical relationships between the d i fferent fa m i l i e s . Key wo rd s : Insecta. Orthoptera. Hagloidea. Gry l l avoidea. Fossil. Triassic. Fr a n c e .

André Nel

F. Marchal-Papier

L. Grauvogel-Stamm

New Orthopera (Ensifera, Insecta) from the Triassic of the Vosges (France)

来自孚日山脉（法国）三叠纪的新直翅目昆虫（螽亚目，昆虫纲）

J. C. Ritchie

Combining 137Cs and topographic surveys for measuring soil erosion/deposition patterns

结合137Cs和地形测量用于测量土壤侵蚀/沉积模式

The 1 3 7Cs technique has provided the first quantitative, medium-term data on rates of soil redistribution by surface erosion on both cropland and rangeland in New Zealand. Use of the technique has demonstrated: high rates of soil redistribution by water erosion at two cropland sites under intensive veg e t a ble production; a slow rate of net loss of soil by wind erosion associated with arable fa rming; a strong association between vegetation depletion and wind erosion on grazed rangeland. Research has also provided data on natural short-range variability of 1 3 7Cs in uneroded soils, and a technique for independently estimating 1 3 7Cs reference values from rainfall. The greatest research need remains the development of robust, accurate calibration procedures for conve rting 1 3 7Cs measurements to rates of erosion. Key wo rd s : Caesium 137. Erosion rates. Soil redistribution. Water erosion. Wind erosion. Cropland. Rangeland. Reference va l u e . I N T RO D U C T I O N S u r face erosion by wind and water has been widely r e p o rted on cropland and rangeland in New Zealand (e.g., Eyles, 1983), yet little quantitative information is ava i l able on surface erosion rates. As a result, indirect assessment of surface erosion using the radionuclide tracer caesium-137 (1 3 7Cs) has been used to estimate mediumt e rm surface erosion rates at a number of sites throughout N ew Zealand. The major advantages of the 137Cs technique are: rates of erosion are medium-term estimates (net erosion since the first appearance of 137Cs in the environment); it can be used on both cultivated and uncultivated soils; only a single set of measurements need be made; both erosion and deposition can be measured so the net effect of erosion and/or tillage can be assessed; it has the potential to be used as an environmental indicator to monitor rates of surface erosion in the future. However, the technique requires a number of assumptions about the environmental behaviour of 137Cs, and the relationship between 137Cs loss and soil loss. These are reviewed in detail by Loughran et al. (1990), Ritchie and McHenry (1990), Walling and Quine (1990, 1993) and Basher et al. (1995). Use of 1 3 7Cs has contributed signifi c a n t ly to understanding rates of surface erosion in New Zealand. Emphasis has been on application of the technique to prov i d e field-based data on erosion rates, with limited research to f u rther develop the technique. This paper summarises recent research applying the technique to assessment of water and wind erosion rates on cropland and rangeland, and on development of techniques for estimating reference values and natural spatial variability of 1 3 7Cs. A P P L I C ATIONS OF 1 3 7CS TO SURFACE ERO S I O N A S S E S S M E N T Rates of surface erosion by wind and water on cropland and rangeland have been estimated from va r i a t i o n in 1 3 7Cs areal activity relative to the reference va l u e . Measurement of 1 3 7Cs areal activity has been based on samples taken with small diameter cores (28 or 39 cm2 area), with some taken from a larger area (1300 cm2) using a scraper frame to provide information on the ve rtical distribution of 1 3 7Cs. Each sample of <2 mm airdried soil was analysed for 1 3 7Cs activity at the National Radiation Laboratory, Christchurch by high resolution gamma spectroscopy using HpGe detectors, as described by Basher et al. (1995). The precision of 1 3 7Cs activity measurement was ±5-10%. Erosion rates have gen e r a l ly been calculated by the linear proportional model for cultivated soils and the profile distribution model for u n c u l t ivated soils (see Walling and Quine, 1990, 1993; Basher et al., 1995; Basher and Webb, 1997), ex c e p t where otherwise indicated. Locations referred to in the t ext are shown in Fig. 1.

L.R. Basher

Surface erosion assessment using 137Cs: examples from Nez Zealand

使用137Cs进行表面侵蚀评估：来自新西兰的实例

El transito Paleoceno/Eoceno del Dominio Malaguide (manto superior y no metamorfizado de la Zona Interna Betica, sectores occidentales de la Cadena Alpina), esta caracterizado por una discontinuidad asociada a una laguna estratigrafica, que afecta al Ilerdiense. Durante el paso del Paleoceno al Eoceno se han detectado cambios en el tipo de depositos condicionados por la naturaleza de las areas fuentes. Los medios sedimentarios marinos evolucionan de una plataforma mixta a otra carbonatada y los medios continentales cambian de condiciones fluviales a lacustres. El registro mineralogico encontrado en los sedimentos marinos ha permitido deducir variaciones relativas del nivel del mar, que se relacionarian con procesos tectonicos compresivos regionales. Tambien se ha deducido un cambio climatico desde un clima estacionalmente seco a otro tropical humedo. Este cambio climatico favorecio, en el medio marino, el cambio de las condiciones de productividad que pasaron de eutroficas, durante el Paleoceno, a oligotroficas durante el Eoceno.

Francisco Javier Alcalá García

M. Martín

Agustín Martín Algarra

Cambios de la mineralogía de arcillas en el tránsito Paleoceno/Eoceno del dominio Maláguide (Zonas Internas Béticas, S.E. España)

西班牙东南部贝蒂克内带马拉加德域古新世/始新世过渡期粘土矿物学变化

Las principales unidades litoestratigraficas localizadas en el limite Triasico/Jurasico del noreste de la Peninsula Iberica son las facies Keuper, los carbonatos de la Formacion Imon/Formacion Isabena y las dolomias, evaporitas y lutitas de la Formacion Carniolas de Cortes de Tajuna/Zona de Anhidrita. Los carbonatos del Triasico superior son conocidos como Formacion Imon en la Cordillera Iberica, Cordilleras Costero Catalanas y Depresion del Ebro y como Formacion Isabena en la vertiente surpirenaica. La asociacion de foraminiferos (Gandinella falsofriedli, Aulotortus friedli, Trochammina jaunensis, Agathammina austroalpina, Trocholina cf. laevis y Trocholina crassa) localizada en la base de la Formacion Imon y de la Formacion Isabena determina una edad Alauniense terminal-Sevatiense medio (Noriense superior). La asociacion de bivalvos (Neoschizodus reziae, Pseudocorbula alpina, Protocardia cf. Rhaetica y Laternula cf. amicii) localizada en la parte alta de la Formacion Imon indica un “Retiense” (Noriense p.p.). La Formacion Imon esta constituida basicamente por dolomias bien estratificadas, mientras que la Formacion Isabena esta formada por calizas. La Formacion Imon presenta dos tipos de dolomias: dolomias grises en la base y dolomias blancas a techo. A partir del estudio petrologico, mineralogico, de elementos traza e isotopos de oxigeno y de carbono de las dolomias, se ha establecido que las dolomias grises son de origen “seepage-reflux” y las dolomias blancas de origen hipersalino. Las curvas de isopacas de la Formacion Imon son redondeadas a elongadas y presentan pendientes muy suaves, lo cual sugiere que la sedimentacion de esta plataforma carbonatada estuvo controlada por la subsidencia termal. El modelo sedimentologico de los materiales carbonatados de la Formacion Imon y de la Formacion Isabena es el de una plataforma carbonatada epeirica.

I. Arnal

Francesc Calvet Rovira

L. Márquez

A. Márquez Aliaga

Nuria Solé de Porta

La plataforma carbonatada epeírica (Formaciones Imón e Isábena) del Triásico superior del Noreste de la Península Ibérica

伊比利亚半岛东北部上三叠统伊莫恩和伊萨贝纳组的外碳酸盐台地

伊比利亚半岛东北部上三叠统外碳酸盐台地（伊蒙组和伊萨贝纳组）

马拉加德域（西班牙东南部贝蒂克内带）古新世/始新世过渡期粘土矿物学变化

Publication Information	Publisher: Instituto Nacional de Geologia，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 1996，Proportion of original research papers: ，Self Citation Rate:， Gold OA Rate:

Acta Geologica Hispanica

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Paleoculicis on the neuropterofauna (Insecta, Neuroptera) from Cretaceous Canadian amber, with a summary of described fossil mosquitoes

Estimates of soil erosion and deposition of cultivated soil of Nakhla watershed, Morocco

New Orthopera (Ensifera, Insecta) from the Triassic of the Vosges (France)

Combining 137Cs and topographic surveys for measuring soil erosion/deposition patterns

Surface erosion assessment using 137Cs: examples from Nez Zealand

Cambios de la mineralogía de arcillas en el tránsito Paleoceno/Eoceno del dominio Maláguide (Zonas Internas Béticas, S.E. España)

La plataforma carbonatada epeírica (Formaciones Imón e Isábena) del Triásico superior del Noreste de la Península Ibérica

Cambios de la mineralogía de arcillas en el tránsito Paleoceno/Eoceno del dominio Maláguide (Zonas Internas Béticas, S.E. España)

La plataforma carbonatada epeírica (Formaciones Imón e Isábena) del Triásico superior del Noreste de la Península Ibérica

Cambios de la mineralogía de arcillas en el tránsito Paleoceno/Eoceno del dominio Maláguide (Zonas Internas Béticas, S.E. España)