Urbano

"What role should Chilean State Universities play in their territories? The social uprising, Covid-19, along with natural disasters like the 2010 earthquake, remind us that global phenomena have serious repercussions on the local sphere and that it is on this scale where security and resilience to change need to be generated to overcome major catastrophes, to face the challenges of our cities, and to provide local endogenous development and quality of life for those living there. Specifically, the Law on State Universities, 21.094 of 2018, reminds us that these institutions must contribute to the sustainable development of the country and the progress of society in the diverse areas of knowledge and culture. This law put on the table several challenges for the comprehensive transformation of Chilean universities. Among them, is that of strengthening their role as generators of knowledge and human capital, to contribute to the local development of their territories from the perspective of sustainability. This challenge implies rethinking, first, what the current society, with whom we have to jointly generate the transformations, is like, and second, what the local and nationwide challenges to target are, always from a sustainability approach."

Ana Zazo-Moratalla

Revista Urbano

Territorio y sostenibilidad en el marco de las universidades públicas chilenas

智利公立大学框架下的领土与可持续发展

Intermediate cities inside a Metropolitan Area are often subject to the role entrusted for the general operation of the metropolitan system built around the central city. This limits a possible independent development process that turns them into competitive territories. In this regard, the purpose of this article is to analyze the influence of metropolitan processes on the behavior of tourism in the Municipality of Bello, Colombia, for the consolidation of its territorial competitiveness. A mixed-method was used, with techniques such as surveys, cartography, and territorial routes. It is concluded that the image of an unsafe city it conveys, and the little tourist history of Bello in the Metropolitan Area of the Aburrá Valley, reduces its capacity for the territorial competition of urban tourism. However, rural tourism located in San Félix would be a great opportunity to take advantage of its distinctive features and the potential of the metropolitan market.

Elkin Muñoz

Alexandra López-Martínez

Yunier Sarmiento-Ramírez

Metropolización y turismo en ciudades intermedias. Análisis de la competitividad territorial del turismo en Bello, Colombia

大都市化与中间城市旅游业：哥伦比亚贝洛地区旅游竞争力分析

This research addresses the analysis of the different historical periods of Chuquicamata’s “New Camp”, in the Region of Antofagasta, looking closely at the evolution of its urban structure from the inception, development, and decline of the copper camp. Its purpose is to analyze the mutations of the built urban space, characterizing the interactions and meeting places of the Company Town residents , with the characterization of the different historical periods of Chuquicamata. For this, a literature review is carried out, and urban planimetric material is developed and collected from the different historical stages. Among the main conclusions, the process of decline is illustrated by comparing the mutations of the urban space in the different historical stages of the copper camp, analyzing the prioritization phenomenon of a production system, and the economic growth at the expense of residential well-being and living conditions.

Fabiola Olivares-Contreras

José Prada-Trigo

Leonel Ramos-Santibañez

Análisis de estructuras urbanas en un Company Town. Inicio, desarrollo y declive del caso “Campamento Nuevo”, Chuquicamata

公司镇城市结构分析：“新营地”案例的起源、发展和衰落，楚基卡马塔

Historical ensembles are urban areas of considerable heritage interest. They are foundational spaces of the city originally intended for habitat. They have represented a paradigm of the notion of the neighborhood, and a benchmark for a sustainable urban, social, and economic model in European Mediterranean culture. The tourism phenomenon can be a valuable tool to boost the economy in these areas, but there is a risk that urban sustainability will end up leading to mere economic exploitation. This research makes a case study on two historical ensembles of the Spanish Levante, representative of Mediterranean urban culture, which are undergoing these processes, Altea and La Vila Joiosa. An analytical methodology has been used based on multidimensional urban sustainability indicators that are more oriented towards the functional and social than the material. The results show convergences with the main studies on this theoretical framework, but also some nuances derived from the economic, social, and cultural particularities of the groups analyzed in terms of population, housing, and uses. The conclusions emphasize the importance of establishing the urban image, relying on citizen rooting, avoiding the privatization of public space, and focusing on sustainable tourism.

Ángela Reos-Llinares

Sergio García-Doménech

Carlos L. Marcos

La sostenibilidad del patrimonio urbano. Estudio de caso en Altea y La Vila Joiosa (Alicante, España)

城市遗产的可持续性：阿尔特亚和拉维利亚霍伊萨（阿利坎特，西班牙）案例研究

This article aims at investigating the conditions older people face when walking through their neighborhoods. It seeks to identify the ways in which the built environment, the socio-spatial features of the neighborhoods, and the COVID-19 pandemic affect their walks. To that end, the article reports the findings of a set of interviews and focus groups where older people who reside in four neighborhoods located in the Commune of Santiago, Chile, were invited to talk about their walks and the obstacles they face when taking them. The findings show that older people consider walking a highly beneficial activity whereby they remain active, connected, and visible. They state that the processes of change that have affected their neighborhoods have transformed their landscape and social architecture, increasing fear of the public space and the feeling of loneliness. The analysis of the data also showed that older people face many obstacles when walking, including sidewalks in disrepair, hostile pedestrian crossings, and unpleasant landscapes. Those obstacles were multiplied by the arrival of the new coronavirus, which added restrictions and concerns that make walking even more difficult. The data gathered emphasizes the relevance of walking for older people, making the creation of walkable neighborhoods and their promotion in the public policies as a practice of self-care, crucial.

Marie Geraldine Herrmann-Lunecke

Cristhian Figueroa-Martínez

Francisca Parra-Huerta

Caminando por el barrio: Comprendiendo las experiencias de las personas mayores en un Santiago adverso, en tiempos de pandemia

漫步社区：理解疫情时期，老年人在不利环境下的圣地亚哥生活体验

The expansion of Latin American intermediate cities has left irregular and discontinuous occupation patterns in their peripheral territories. In appearance, the configurations of the urban edges do not have relevant differences. In fact, each morphological structure is heterogeneous and has its own behaviors, different occupation motivations, and diverse resulting consolidated models. In Cuenca, Ecuador, these diffuse zones between the urban and rural limits are marked by segregation dynamics and dependence on the consolidated center and have the lowest quality-of-life indexes in the city. In this context, the objective of the research was to find a possible relationship between the types of peripheral morphologies and the levels of urban habitability of four city urban centers, using a quantitative methodological design with a two-stage correlational scope. Initially, urban morphologies were classified, and the habitability levels were rated separately, applying independent instruments. Then, the results were cross-checked to describe possible links between variables. The findings highlight significant disparities in habitability between conurbations and define an apparent direct correlation between the two dimensions of analysis.

Michelle Estefanía Pesántez-Yépez

Natasha Eulalia Cabrera-Jara

Produciendo periferias: morfología y habitabilidad en las conurbaciones de Cuenca, Ecuador

生产边缘：厄瓜多尔昆卡都市圈的形态与宜居性

Urban models are fundamental in the theoretical and empirical discussions about cities. However, the Latin American city models proposed by German geographers have not been questioned much despite their use, and there are few studies outside the large metropolitan areas. Therefore, this article, using geodemography, seeks to identify whether there is a residential structure pattern in the intermediate cities of Mexico's National Urban System. This methodological proposal looks to use new spatial analysis tools focused on lifestyles and the study of one of the great layers that urban models have: their residential structure. The results show that, firstly, using the models and their temporalities as a kaleidoscope, it is possible to identify the multiple patterns of cities and not just a single model. Secondly, a new disintegrated pattern appears where the classical models of the Chicago School are unrecognizable, and the fragmented city is left disintegrated.

Ricardo Gómez-Maturano

¿Ciudad fragmentada o desintegrada? Los modelos urbanos aplicados a las ciudades intermedias en México desde la geodemografía

碎片化的城市还是解体的城市？从地理人口学角度看墨西哥中等城市应用的城市模型

This paper analyzes the development of Pitrufquén (located in the Araucanía Region, Chile, and founded in 1897) from a historical, territorial, urban, and architectural point of view. It is proposed that the city’s development is framed in a new moment, where the Chilean State abandons military criteria and assumes economic-territorial factors where the railroad’s presence is a determining factor. The choice of the site, its particular layout, and the development of its architecture are evidence of this change. From the historical point of view, it is analyzed how, in Pitrufquén, the Mapuche society had cattle raising as the main economic activity, as it had pastures to feed the cattle, the land was suitable for crops, and there was a vital ford to cross the Toltén River. This strategic location was maintained and accentuated by the city’s founding and the railroad’s arrival in 1898, turning the town into a railhead for progress towards the south of the country. In the case of the urban layout, its peculiarity was addressed since, together with Lonquimay, these are the only sections in the La Araucanía region organized based on an ellipse, which, in the case of Pitrufquén, also coexists with a checkerboard layout. The study analyzed its squares, diagonal avenues, and the perimeter ring road. At an architectural level, the article explores the three layers or aspects of the city: The first one studies the wooden architecture with works from the late 19th and early 20th centuries; the second refers to public architecture, represented by buildings such as the municipality, public services, the post office, and others; and a third layer addresses the modern architecture, such as housing and stores from the period between 1940 and 1960.

Gonzalo Cerda-Brintrup

Jaime Flores-Chávez

Pablo Fuentes-Hernández

Pitrufquén, Chile: la ciudad como estrategia de ocupación territorial

智利皮特鲁夫昆：城市作为领土占领的策略

The urbanization of the city of San Francisco de Campeche influences the formation of urban heat islands due to construction materials, buildings and structures, human activities, lack of vegetation, and transportation infrastructure. Heat islands have negative consequences such as increased energy consumption and heat stress for the population, contributing to climate change due to increased greenhouse gas emissions caused by additional energy demand. Cities such as Sydney, Beijing, Nanjing, Moscow, and Hong Kong are implementing urban planning strategies that promote urban vegetation, the use of reflective building materials, the improvement of public transport, and the promotion of energy efficiency in buildings. Landsat satellite images were used to analyze population growth and urban sprawl to identify heat islands, and a vegetation index analysis was also made. Regarding the analyses, it was recognized that the temperature increased by approximately 6°C between 1990 and 2022. There has also been a decrease in vegetation due to the urban sprawl and housing growth, quadrupling the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in the 0-0.25 class for the same period. Finally, mitigation measures are proposed to counteract the effects caused by heat islands in the city.

Román Alejandro Canul-Turriza

Karianna Aké-Turriza

Oscar May-Tzuc

Mario Jiménez-Torres

Análisis espaciotemporal de islas de calor aplicado en la ciudad costera de San Francisco de Campeche, México

墨西哥坎佩切州圣弗朗西斯科市沿海地区热岛时空分析

The housing encampments in Chile represent urban marginalization in the country. Due to the limited housing options the State provides, these settlements have historically developed forms of organization and struggle in search of their right to the city. Essentially, these actions focus on self-management to obtain a place to live. However, despite sharing similar needs, these groups show diverse forms of struggle. In the current context, with a growing demand for housing in the country, various strategies these groups adopt to integrate into the city can be observed. This article focuses on analyzing the occupation and spatial governance strategies implemented in two encampments located in the city of Temuco, Chile: Los Pinos and Los Ripieros, through a qualitative approach based on the application of a social mapping to the leaders of both settlements and the exploration of narratives related to past and future spatial governance. Differences were identified between these two encampments. Although they share a contiguous physical location and emerged at the same time, the results reveal that, despite initial similarities in urban development, there are differences in the motivations guiding their future actions. While Los Ripieros actively seeks to influence obtaining a permanent housing solution in other sectors of the city, Los Pinos chooses to get involved within the framework of existing urban regulations to secure a housing solution in the same place. These findings enrich the discussion on urban marginality by showing that the struggles for space of excluded groups are centered on the balance between rootedness and obtaining housing. The latter is vital for the state to consider when designing urban policies.

Ignacio Andrés Bondis-Luna

Félix Rojo-Mendoza

Miguel Escalona-Ulloa

Misma lucha, distintos objetivos: estrategias territoriales por el derecho a la ciudad en dos campamentos de Temuco, Chile

同样的斗争，不同的目标：智利特木科两个营地的城市权利领土战略

短名
Journal Impact	0.67
国际分区	REGIONAL & URBAN PLANNING(Q4)

涉及主题	艺术哲学人文学科地理政治学
出版信息	出版商: Universidad del Bio-Bio，出版周期: ，期刊类型: journal，开源期刊: 是
基本数据	创刊年份: 2016，原创研究文献占比: 100.00%，自引率:0.00%， Gold OA占比: 100.00%
平均审稿周期	网友分享经验：20 Weeks

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