Economics and Environment

The aim of this article is to assess the impact of selected social and demographic factors on the perception of European adults regarding their workplace as a health and safety risk. This aligns with the sustainable development concept, which emphasizes labor rights protection and a safe working environment. Sustainable work is defined as work that doesn't compromise employees' physical or mental health over time. Utilizing data from the 2021 European Working Conditions Survey, which covered over 70,000 individuals across 36 countries and was conducted via CATI due to the pandemic, the study employs logistic regression. It analyzes three models: one encompassing all European countries, and two focusing on Eastern and Central European countries. The findings demonstrate that factors such as company size, age, occupational group, sector, employment nature, gender, service length, and education significantly influence workplace risk perception. International comparisons highlight differences in these factors across country groups, contributing to the scientific discussion in social sciences.

Elżbieta Roszko-Wójtowicz

Katarzyna Boczkowska

Konrad Niziołek

Social and demographic factors in shaping the perception of work as a source of health and safety risks: a study on adult Europeans

塑造工作作为健康和安全风险来源认知的社会和人口因素：一项针对欧洲成年人的研究

This study delves into the critical contemporary issue of global energy transition, focusing on European countries from 2004 to 2021. Its objective is to identify countries with similar rates of energy transition, utilising statistical measures and clustering techniques on Eurostat data. The paper explores energy efficiency, renewable sources, and energy import reliance. Findings show reduced primary energy consumption in EU-27, varied energy efficiency trends, and notable differences in renewables and import dependence. Clustering countries unveil diverse transition speeds. Policymakers can tailor effective strategies based on regional challenges and successes, fostering a nuanced understanding of economic, social, and environmental dynamics in the energy transition. This analysis offers valuable insights for informed policy-making in the complex landscape of global energy transformation.

Marlena Piekut

The dynamics of energy transition in European countries in years 2004-2021

2004-2021年欧洲国家能源转型动态

This paper aims to conceptualise the construction of noise barrier panels from components recovered from used wind turbine propellers. At present, they are mainly waste, but many ideas for their reuse are emerging. Based on previously conducted material tests, the strength of the panels was calculated in accordance with EN 14388. The finite element method and the ANSYS space-claim programme were used to analyse the strength and generate a 3D numerical model of the cracked wind turbine propeller panels. The permissible values given in the standard were compared with those obtained for the deflection of the component.

Mirosław Broniewicz

Filip Broniewicz

Karolina Dec

Beata Skubiak

The concept of using wind turbine propellers in the construction of acoustic screens as an example of a circular economy model

利用风力涡轮机叶片建造声屏障的概念：循环经济模式的一个例子

The aim of the article is to assess the sustainability of households and present the issue of sustainable development in the context of consumer behaviour in Poland on the basis of our own surveys. The research was carried out in July 2022 on a sample of 1112 respondents with a diagnostic survey using the CAWI survey technique. During the research, various types of prosumer activities of households were defined, but also their consumer behaviour was assessed in terms of its positive impact on sustainable development. On the basis of selected variables describing the consumer behaviour of households, three indices of the measurement of sustainable development of households were built – a general index and two component indices. Then, the results were analysed for correlations between variables describing household characteristics and indices describing their level of presumption. Statistical, descriptive and comparative methods were used. The study shows that the surveyed households are highly sustainable. The level of sustainable development of the surveyed households is positively correlated with the level of prosumption.

Paulina Trębska

Prosumer behavior and the assessment of the level of sustainable development of households in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland

消费者行为与波兰家庭在新冠疫情期间可持续发展水平评估

This article contains a theoretical proposal for classifying the agrarian economic theory as a separate school of heterodox economic thought, encompassing more than a dozen research streams. In this sense, it fills a gap in the general economic theory, in which, so far, the agrarian economic thought is not considered a separate school of economics. The study proves that for the development of agrarian economics, it is not necessary to adopt the monistic, reductive, and consolidative approach that characterises mainstream economics. We treat agricultural economics as a pluralistic science, taking into account different viewpoints and research paradigms of development, from industrial to sustainable. Raising the need to integrate agrarian thought, the study points to the designations of the substantive distinctiveness of agricultural economics, including the immobility of the land factor, the price and income specificity of food demand, and the compulsion to consume food. The considerations are supplemented by a conceptualisation of the studied issue concerning the situation in Poland, presented in the form of a case study.

Andrzej Czyżewski

Anna Matuszczak

Theoretical aspects of studies on agricultural economics and agrarian issues

农业经济学与土地问题研究的理论方面

Using post-fermentation leachate as fertilizer is a good alternative and solution to the problem of waste at wastewater treatment plants and contains the principles of sustainable development. Leachate from anaerobic treatment of sewage sludge contains valuable elements such as phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium, which can improve soil properties. The production of liquid fertilizer minimizes the negative impact of leachate on the main biological stream in the WWTP and improves the energy efficiency of the entire wastewater treatment system. This transfers into the operating costs of the facility. When thinking about the agricultural use of digestion leachate and its introduction into the environment, a very important issue is its microbiological contamination. The purpose of the conducted research was to determine the microbiological quality of digestion leachates from municipal wastewater treatment plants and to determine the parameters of their hygienization. The number of bacteria in raw leachate is indicative of a sanitary risk in the case they are used in agriculture as fertiliser. Heating the leachate at 60°C for 15 minutes produces an effect comparable to that achieved by heating the leachate to 70°C. The sonication process itself did not affect the better temperature effect. Heating the leachate for 20 minutes after prior sonication for 20 minutes does not result in the complete elimination of microflora.

Justyna Zamorska

Monika Zdeb

Andżelika Domoń

Adam Masłoń

Microbiology of post-fermentation leachate

发酵后浸出液的微生物学

The aim of the article is to present the current state of knowledge about climate change, the causes of these changes, and potential effects, both environmental, economic, and social. To achieve the formulated goal, the author attempts to interpret original research results in the area of climate change, as well as actions taken (at various levels) in the field of climate policy. This is intended to answer the question of whether the idea of sustainable development at the social and economic level is realistic in the context of climate policy. In the ongoing debate, the problem of adaptation to climate change has given way to the problem of pollutant emissions, and the available scientific knowledge is insufficient to predict what changes the climate will undergo in the coming decades and what impact humans will have on these changes. Based on the analyses carried out, the author of the article concludes that emphasis should be placed on solutions that support human well-being and minimise losses. Environmental protection, if it is to remain a science, must take responsibility for the entire environment, including human well-being, and cannot be done at the expense of human beings because it destroys the natural social order. The article verifies the following hypothesis: decisions made in the field of climate policy are insufficiently justified by scientific research, which provides irrefutable facts.

Paulina Grabowska

Counteracting climate change in the context of implementing sustainable development in economic and social aspects

在经济和社会层面实施可持续发展背景下应对气候变化

The aim of this article is to consider why the Coase theorem is used so rarely in the field of environmental protection policy and why possible proposals for the implementation of this solution are exposed to harsh criticism. Ronald Coase points out the significant problem of regulatory costs, and his proposal for negotiations may be a panacea for certain over-administration, excessive interventionism, regulatory rigidity or lack of trust in the market mechanism. However, according to the author of this paper, the implementation of the Coase theorem in the most typical and significant areas and problems of environmental policy is either not possible, will encounter enormous difficulties, or is questionable from the point of view of natural resources and social welfare. The reasons for the limitations will be discussed, including undefined or imprecisely defined ownership rights to many environmental resources, the non-market nature of many environmental goods depriving them of a market price, and above all, the chronic asymmetry of the parties that would negotiate with each other on an equal basis.

Jerzy Śleszyński

Analysis of Ronald Coase's theorem from the perspective of natural resources management

从自然资源管理角度分析罗纳德·科斯定理

The aim of this article is to analyze the environmental disclosures of non-financial information presented in the selected Polish banks in terms of meeting the European Sustainability Reporting Standards (ESRS) guidelines. The ESRS reporting standards, adopted by the European Commission in July 2023, not only introduced an increase in the scope of reporting but also clearly defined the information to be disclosed in reports that banks are obligated to submit. The research method used was a critical analysis of the subject-matter literature, and, in the empirical part, a method of analyzing information posted on bank websites was assumed. Among the analyzed entities, 23 banks operating in Poland, functioning in the form of joint-stock companies, were taken into consideration. Research has shown that the required data is contained in various documents published by banks, and their availability on websites is relatively low. The scope of environmental disclosures was assessed as insufficient in relation to the ESRS guidelines. The highest number of disclosures occurred in the “Climate” area and the lowest in the “Biodiversity and Ecosystems” area, which may stem from the specificity of the banks' activities. The conducted research revealed that banks were inadequately prepared for reporting that takes into account ESRS guidelines.

Elżbieta Broniewicz

Ewa Jastrzębska

Agata Lulewicz-Sas

Environmental disclosures according to ESRS in ESG reporting of selected banks in Poland

根据ESRS在波兰选定银行ESG报告中的环境披露

The article aims to present consumer behaviour in the process of purchasing goods and services in online stores in the Polish market. The impact of selected factors determining or discouraging online shopping, as well as influencing the choice of an online store by young consumers representing the "Z" generation, was examined. 100 respondents took part in the pilot study, and women constituted nearly 70% of the surveyed population. Depending on the needs of customers, various factors determine whether they will make purchases online or convince them to choose an online store. Additionally, through the prism of various concerns and their own experiences, they assess factors discouraging online shopping. The results of the analysis can be used in practice when planning an advertising campaign by introducing coordinated and organised activities using one or several different related media. The publication also discusses the impact of online advertising on consumer behaviour in e-commerce, combining an interdisciplinary approach in the areas of management and quality sciences with economics and finance. The study was conducted in the fourth quarter of 2022.

Daniel Tokarski

Anita Fajczak-Kowalska

Optimization of consumer decisions and the impact of selected factors on purchasing behavior in polish e-commerce

波兰电子商务中消费者决策的优化及选定因素对购买行为的影响

Abbreviation
Journal Impact	0.92
Quartiles(Global)	ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES(Q4)

Publication Information	Publisher: Wydawnictwo Ekonomia i Srodowisko，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 2019，Proportion of original research papers: 93.33%，Self Citation Rate:40.00%， Gold OA Rate: 88.76%

Economics and Environment

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