南极科学为广泛传播的研究提供了一个真正的国际论坛，这些研究日益成为南极科学研究的特征。该杂志在强调跨学科工作的同时，发表的论文从环境管理到生物多样性，从火山到冰山，从海洋学到高层大气。没有其他期刊涵盖如此广泛的南极科学研究。该杂志吸引了目前正在从事南极研究的所有国家的论文。它发表评论和数据论文，长度不限，关于技术发展和最近发现的两页简短笔记，以及书评。这些与讨论科学更广泛方面的社论一起，提供了丰富多样的项目组合，以吸引所有科学领域的研究人员。在期刊上发表文章的作者不收取版面费或颜色费。每年一期通常专门针对特定主题或主要会议的论文。

Antarctic Science provides a truly international forum for the wide dissemination of research that increasingly characterizes Antarctic science. The journal emphasizes interdisciplinary work and publishes papers covering a broad range of topics, from environmental management and biodiversity to volcanology, glaciology, oceanography, and the upper atmosphere. No other journal covers such a wide array of Antarctic scientific research. It attracts submissions from all countries currently engaged in Antarctic research. The journal accepts commentaries and data papers of unlimited length, as well as short notes on technical developments and recent discoveries, and book reviews. Together with editorials discussing broader aspects of science, these provide a rich and diverse array of offerings to engage researchers across all scientific fields. Authors publishing in the journal are not charged page or color fees. Each annual issue typically focuses on a specific theme or papers from major conferences.

《Antarctic Science》是一个真正的国际论坛，广泛传播南极科学研究的成果。该期刊强调跨学科的研究，涵盖从环境管理、生物多样性、火山、冰山到海洋学和高层大气等多个领域。没有其他期刊能如此全面地覆盖南极科学的各个方面。期刊欢迎来自所有从事南极研究国家的投稿，接受评论性和数据性论文，长度不限，同时也欢迎关于技术发展和最新发现的简短笔记，以及书评。与讨论科学更广泛方面的社论一起，这些内容为研究人员提供了丰富多样的项目组合。值得一提的是，期刊上发表文章的作者不需支付版面费或颜色费。每年一期通常会专门针对特定主题或主要会议的论文。

Antarctic Science

Abstract Areas around western Vestfold Hills, East Antarctica, feature two sedimentary units in outcrops and excavations. Uppermost Dingle Sand is a gravelly, silty sand with boulders, which drapes bedrock ridges and more thickly covers valley floors and continues below modern sea level. Underlying Vestfold Beds are gravelly, muddy sands that are found in deeper valley fills. High-resolution aerial photography, topographic and bathymetric surveys, sediment grain size and field observations indicate that Dingle Sand formed as ablation till during the last deglaciation. Post-depositional modifications of Dingle Sand by decay of ground ice, mass movement, water, wind and marine transgression and regression have altered the texture, structure and fossil content in this region. Vestfold Beds are older, finer-grained tills. Indirect age estimation of Dingle Sand suggests deglaciation-age deposition with younger (Holocene) reworking in places, whereas Vestfold Beds may be as old as the Pliocene. These sediments post-date the early Pliocene Sørsdal Formation found on Marine Plain in southern Vestfold Hills. Identification of Dingle Sand as a separate, primarily glacial deposit helps clarify the glacial history of the Vestfold Hills. Evidence for marine modification of the deposits after deglaciation suggests that other regions might also have glacial deposits interpreted as marine because of post-depositional processes.

Philip E. O'Brien

Damian B. Gore

Barbara Frankel

Depositional landforms and sediments in western Vestfold Hills, East Antarctica

东南极西福尔丘陵的沉积地貌与沉积物

Abstract Peatlands, covering approximately one-third of global wetlands, provide various ecological functions but are highly vulnerable to climate change, with their changes in space and time requiring monitoring. The sub-Antarctic Prince Edward Islands (PEIs) are a key conservation area for South Africa, as well as for the preservation of terrestrial ecosystems in the region. Peatlands (mires) found here are threatened by climate change, yet their distribution factors are poorly understood. This study attempted to predict mire distribution on the PEIs using species distribution models (SDMs) employing multiple regression-based and machine-learning models. The random forest model performed best. Key influencing factors were the Normalized Difference Water Index and slope, with low annual mean temperature, with low annual mean temperature, precipitation seasonality and distance from the coast being less influential. Despite moderate predictive ability, the model could only identify general areas of mires, not specific ones. Therefore, this study showed limited support for the use of SDMs in predicting mire distributions on the sub-Antarctic PEIs. It is recommended to refine the criteria used to select environmental factors and enhance the geospatial resolution of the data to improve the predictive accuracy of the models.

Maleho M. Sadiki

Michelle Greve

Christel D. Hansen

Predicting mire distribution using species distribution models: a case study of the sub-Antarctic Prince Edward Islands

利用物种分布模型预测泥炭地分布：以南极洲爱德华王子群岛为例

Ronald Lewis-Smith

Obituary: Bill Block (1937–2023)

讣告：比尔·布洛克（1937–2023）

Abstract The relevance of education and outreach (E&amp;O) activities about the Antarctic Treaty has been recognized at the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meetings (ATCM) and at the Committee for Environmental Protection (CEP). This study examines the key topics and the target audiences detailed in papers submitted to the ATCM on E&amp;O. Since the Antarctic Treaty entered into force in 1961, a total of 216 ATCM papers on E&amp;O have been produced. The number of papers has increased substantially since the mid-1990s. ‘Science’ (76.9%) and ‘Wildlife/Biodiversity/Environment’ (75.5%) were the most addressed topics in these papers, while the ‘Public’ (81.0%) and those attending ‘Schools’ (69.0%) are the main target audiences. ‘Science’ in ATCM papers increased ~120-fold from 1961–1997 to 2015–2023, while ATCM papers discussing engagement with the ‘Public’ increased ~40-fold during the same period. ‘Climate change’ was first mentioned in 2006, and the number of papers per year increased fourfold by 2015–2023. This study shows the increasing interest in E&amp;O through time, addressing key topics to relevant audiences related to the Antarctic region. From an educational perspective, attention should be paid to emerging topics (e.g. equity, diversity and inclusion), and the engagement of early-career professionals and educators should be made a priority.

José C. Xavier

Dragomir Mateev

Annick Wilmotte

Andrea Peña-Aguirre

Julie Jupe

Sonia Ramos-García

José Abreu

Juan A. Alfonso

Renuka Badhe

Inga Beck

Robert J. Bialik

Andreia Carvalho

Mihaela Cotta

Anne Choquet

Sílvia Dotta

Anna M. Fioretti

Lisolomzi Fikizolo

Johanna Grabow

Eoghan Griffin

Hugo R. Guímaro

Patricia Fialho

Joana Fragão

Louise T. Huffman

Chaerin Jung

Chandrika Nath

Burcu Ozsoy

Jean de Pomereu

José P. Queirós

José Seco

Hyoung Chul Shin

Florica Topârceanu

Ramcharan Vijayaraghavan

Marta Espírito-Santo

Mike Sparrow

Anoop K. Tiwari

Sophie Weeks

Kevin A. Hughes

Education and outreach activities by the Antarctic Treaty Parties: topics and target audiences

《南极条约》缔约方的教育与外展活动：主题与目标受众

Abstract On an Antarctic research station, money is rendered useless, and essential material goods are imported from participating countries. Recognizing time as a valuable resource and acknowledging the existence of gift-giving practices, this article investigates the economic exchanges among members of an Antarctic expedition. Drawing on a 15 month ethnographic study conducted at the French Dumont d'Urville Station from November 2019 to January 2021, I analyse the gift of time and the exchange of services among the 24 members of the 70th expedition to Adélie Land, isolated for 8 months by the winter pack ice. The study presents an anthropological perspective on overwinterers, a population predominantly studied within the field of psychology, and examines the extent to which mutual aid and volunteering, which are often overlooked, shape interpersonal relationships and group dynamics. By exploring the ethnography of Antarctic time in relation to work and delineating various categories of service exchanges, we gain insights into individual motivations, causes, consequences and sanctions within the broader context of social relationships. I propose the hypothesis that the perpetual cycle of indebtedness among overwinterers plays a significant role in maintaining the smooth operation of an Antarctic station and fostering social balance within a winter crew.

Susie Pottier

Exchanged time in shared isolation: circulation of debt in Antarctica

共享隔离中的交换时间：南极洲的债务循环

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Ícaro Vieira

Fábio Oliveira

Roberto Ferreira Machado Michel

Marcio Rocha Francelino

Beyond the ice: exploring Antarctic soils research through spatial and scientometrics analysis – CORRIGENDUM

超越冰层：通过空间与科学计量分析探索南极土壤研究——勘误

Abstract Rules on liability are essential to ensuring the enforcement of an international agreement. The Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting's adoption of Measure 1 (2005), which contains Annex VI to the Protocol on Environmental Protection, is the first step towards complying with Article 16 of the Environmental Protocol on Liability. However, the approval process has been slow, and Measure 1 (2005) is still not in force. Here, we show a need for more momentum in its approval and that its domestic implementation varies significantly. Only 19 states have approved Measure 1 (2005) out of the 28 Consultative Parties required to enter into force. Ten have incorporated national provisions anticipating its entry into force. Our study suggests that the perceived inadequacy of Annex VI, the cost of response actions to environmental emergencies and the misplaced importance of Antarctic matters within many states’ priorities contribute to the slow approval process. This analysis provides insights into the Antarctic Treaty System's governance mechanisms, particularly the liability regime and its implementation. The domestic legislation related to Antarctic liability is also analysed. This paper aims to explain the cumbersome approval process of Annex VI and to serve as a cautionary tale for future liability developments.

Luis V. Ferrada

Diego A. Caldera

Negotiation, adoption and domestic implementation of the annex on liability to the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty

南极条约环境保护议定书责任附件的谈判、采纳与国内实施

Abstract Knowledge of trends of pollutants released into the environment is very important for interpreting the observed trends in pollution of natural environments and forecasting their development. This article reconstructs for the first time a series of sulphur dioxide emissions from the main categories of land-based sources of emissions in Antarctica (diesel generators, heating systems, vehicles and waste incineration) over 60 years: from the beginning of the intensive construction of scientific stations in 1960 until 2019. The trends in the sulphur content of fuels and the dynamics of fuel consumption by the main categories of emission sources are taken into account. According to the estimates obtained, total emissions of sulphur dioxide in Antarctica varied in the range of 28.6–161.3 tons. This paper establishes that the greatest levels of sulphur dioxide emissions occurred in the late 1980s–beginning of the 1990s. In subsequent years, there was a rapid reduction in emissions, primarily due to a reduction of the sulphur content of fuels. The rates of reduction of sulphur dioxide emissions for different areas of Antarctica are also shown.

Sergey Kakareka

Sixty-year trends in sulphur dioxide emissions from anthropogenic ground-based sources in Antarctica

南极洲人为地面源二氧化硫排放的六十年趋势

Abstract Antimicrobial resistance is one of the most important global health issues identified in recent decades. Different approaches have been used to establish the presence and abundance of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGEs) in the environment. In this study, we analysed soil samples from Fildes Peninsula (King George Island, Maritime Antarctica) exposed to human and bird impacts. The objective of the work was to identify ARGEs in the samples and to evaluate whether these genes were located in plasmids using two different strategies. A metagenomic analysis was employed to identify ARGEs according to the CARD database and to determine whether they were associated with plasmidic sequences. The analysis showed that the site exposed to high anthropogenic activity had a higher number of ARGEs compared to other sites. A large percentage of those ARGEs (19.4%) was located in plasmidic contigs. We also assessed replicon mobilization using microbial communities from these soil samples as donors through an exogenous plasmid isolation method. In this case, we could recover plasmids with ARGEs in a Tc r transconjugant clone. Although they could not be fully assembled, we could detect broad host range IncP1 and IncQ plasmid sequences. Our results indicate that sewage-impacted soils could be hotspots for the spread of ARGEs into the Antarctic environment.

Matías Giménez

Gastón Azziz

Silvia Batista

Identification of mobile resistome in soils exposed to different impacts in Fildes Peninsula, King George Island

菲尔德斯半岛金乔治岛受不同影响土壤中移动抗性组的鉴定

Abstract Globally, the grey-headed albatross Thalassarche chrysostoma is listed as Endangered due to decreasing populations at its major breeding colonies. We analysed the population trend at Marion Island using annual counts of incubating pairs and fledglings from 1984 to 2021 and three methods: TRends and Indices for Monitoring data (TRIM), a generalized additive model and a state-space model. In contrast to rapid decreases at most other colonies, all three methods indicated a local population increase at an average annual rate of 1.3%. The latter two models indicated a decreasing trend from 1997 to 2002, presumably related to mortality on longlines set for Patagonian toothfish Dissostichus eleginoides around the island, which peaked from 1996 to 1998. Grey-headed albatrosses exhibit greater variation in annual counts than other seabird species at Marion Island, possibly linked to interannual variation in breeding success because they are biennial breeders. However, breeding success alone was not significant in any of the models, presumably because it cannot capture the complexities of both population processes and environmental variation. Although all three models predicted the overall trends well, integrated population models, which can account for demographic processes, might be more appropriate to model long-term population trends.

Kim L. Stevens

Res Altwegg

Maëlle Connan

Peter G. Ryan

Population growth of the grey-headed albatross population on Marion Island inferred using three analysis methods

使用三种分析方法推断马里昂岛灰头信天翁种群数量增长

Abbreviation	Antarct. Sci.
Journal Impact	1.82
Quartiles(Global)	GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY(Q3)

ISSN	0954-1020, 1365-2079
h-index	76

Publication Information	Publisher: Cambridge University Press，Publishing cycle: Bimonthly，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 1989，Proportion of original research papers: 100.00%，Self Citation Rate:11.10%， Gold OA Rate: 42.02%
Average review cycle	网友分享经验：平均3.0个月
Average recruitment ratio	网友分享经验：较易

Antarctic Science

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