Applied Biological Research

Greater duckweed (Spirodela polyrrhiza (L.) Schleid. are known to propagate excessively in stagnant eutrophic water bodies resulting in the contamination of daughter fronds which can affect their secondary metabolite profile. The present study was aimed in establish organogenic callus from the fronds of greater duckweeds; to optimize a protocol by utilizing different plant growth regulators for future use and to screen the antimicrobially potent metabolites present in callus. The induction of callus was successful using sterile fronds of Spirodela polyrrhiza (L.) Schleid as explants in MS, B5 and SH media fortified with plant growth regulators namely IBA and BAP. SH basal medium fortified with IBA and BA in 2:1 ratio was most effective in callus induction. B5 medium fortified with 2.0 µM IBA + 4.0 µM BAP showed highest callus induction in S. polyrrhiza with lower days to callus induction as reflective in their overall biomass. The callus extract showed efficient antimicrobial effect on Pseudomonas aeroginosa (MTCC accession No. 3451) with ampicillin and chloramphenicol as reference antibiotics. Presence of flavonoids like orientin, genistin and apigetrin were indicated in the LC-MS data which might be responsible for antimicrobial activity in a synergistic manner.

Sudipta Kumar Sil

Santanu Gupta

CALLUS INDUCTION FROM THE FRONDS OF GREATER DUCKWEED (&lt;i&gt;Spirodela polyrhiza &lt;/i&gt;(L.) Schleid) AND ASSESSMENT OF ITS ANTIMICROBIAL EFFICACY

从大薸(&lt;i&gt;Spirodela polyrhiza &lt;/i&gt;(L.) Schleid)叶状体诱导愈伤组织及其抗菌功效评估

Nilanjana Ghosh

Vinay Kumar

Swati Srivastava

Lilly Ganju

Iti Garg

Mitochondrial DNA Methylation: A Possible Breach in Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases

线粒体DNA甲基化：心血管疾病病理生理学的可能突破口

Manjushri Dongare

V.P. Chimote

M.P. Deshmukh

A.A. Kale

Molecular characterization of E1 and E3 maturity loci of soybean [Glycine Max (L.) merrill] genotypes with contrasting maturity

大豆[Glycine Max (L.) merrill]不同成熟期基因型的E1和E3成熟位点的分子特征

Biplabendu Talukdar

Priyodarshi Sengupta

Niranjan Bhattacharya

Rita Ghosh

Application of umbilical cord blood transfusion in post-covid-19 anaemic patients

脐带血输注在新冠后贫血患者中的应用

The development of current healthcare system is greatly influenced by plants having therapeutic potential, especially the medicinal plants. The advent of new ailments worldwide has encouraged the researchers to explore the potential of different plant parts as well. The research aims to compile information on Calotropis procera traditional usage and biological activity from a native population in the northern Nigeria, Kaduna state. Random sampling was employed for the collection of traditional medicinal knowledge on C. procera. Radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power, and disk diffusion assay was employed to evaluate its biological activity of ethanol and aqueous extracts of C. procera. The study revealed that C. procera is traditionally used in the area to treat a variety of ailments like hypertension, migraine, and spiritual problems having the highest fidelity at 0.9%. The leaves exhibited highest radical scavenging, ferric reducing power, and antibacterial activity at 86.01 µg ML-1 and 18.1 mmol g-1. The largest zone of inhibition against Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found in an ethanol leaf extract of C. procera at 23.5 mm. The study revealed the leaf of C. procera as a good avenue for the development of modern drugs.

Mahmoud Dogara Abdulrahman

Ethnomedical use of Calotropis procera (Aiton) Dryand. in Kaduna state of Nigeria and biological evaluation

尼日利亚卡杜纳州对Calotropis procera (Aiton) Dryand.的民族医学应用及生物学评价

Malaria is still a global concern with around 214 million annual cases and 430,000 annual deaths, mainly among of children younger than 5. Now a days people mostly dependent on the herbal based remedies to cure this type of diseseases and currently most preferred therapy is artemisinin combination therapy (ACT). The genus Artemisia annua L., one of the largest genera belonging to the Compositae family consisting of more than 350 species. One important tool for creating unique genetic variation in crops, functional genomics, and breeding is the use of chemical mutagens. They are useful since they can cause a high mutation frequency and don't need any specialist equipment. Chemical mutagens produce point mutations as opposed to deletions or translocations as compared to physical techniques. Point mutations can affect gene expression in a variety of ways, from knockouts to modifications in amino acids that may have a minor impact on the function of proteins. The experimental procedure for induced EMS mutagenesis, Williams et al. was followed and triple technical repeats of three different percentages of EMS (Ethyl methane Sulphonate) doses (0.10%, 0.30%, 0.50%) and a control dose (0% EMS) were applied. the process of screening mutants frequently revealed the presence of several allelic mutants generated by EMS. Present study resultant displayed that EMS lower doses will prove to be a revolutionary mutant for creating new variation as EMS mutagenesis enables cost-effective and high-throughput generation of mutations, greatly accelerating plant genomes research and facilitating the advancement of molecular breeding for plants with enhanced tolerance to abiotic stress.

Rajani Singh

Girjesh Kumar

&lt;b&gt;MUTAGENIC IMPACT OF ETHYL METHANE SULPHONATE ON THE MORPHOLOGY AND MICROSPOROGENESIS OF &lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Artemisia annua &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;L. &lt;/b&gt;

乙基甲烷磺酸盐对青蒿L.形态和孢子发生的影响

Suaeda maritima (L.) Dumort., an annual halophyte herb under the family Chenopodiaceae, grows gregariously along the south-east coast of India. This salt marsh species is regularly used by the local people as food as well as for curing many diseases. Earlier works reported the presence of phenotypic plasticity as well as morpho-anatomical variations amongst the individuals of the species. Cytological studies were undertaken to characterize the individuals of the species with respect to the karyotype. The diploid chromosome number of S. maritima was determined as 2n=18 from the root tips of the species. The average length of metaphase chromosomes was 0.74±0.16 μm (micrometre) with the total haploid chromosome length was 6.68 ±0.28 μm. The average arm ratio was 1.13 ±0.14 with the average centromeric index as 0.46 ±0.12. All the 9 pairs of chromosomes were metacentric and out of 18 chromosomes 4 chromosomes contained NOR. The values of the symmetry index (S%) and the degree of karyotype asymmetry (A) was noted 51.51 ±3.05 and 0.05 ±0.01 respectively. Intra-chromosomal asymmetry index (A1) and inter-chromosomal asymmetry index (A2) were 0.10 ±0.02 and 0.22 ±0.02 respectively.

Maniklal Pati

Asis Kumar Nandi

&lt;b&gt;CHROMOSOMAL MORPHOMETRY AND KARYOTYPE OF &lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Suaeda maritima &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;(L.) Dumort. GROWING ALONG THE SOUTH-EAST COAST OF INDIA &lt;/b&gt;

印度东南海岸生长的Suaeda maritima(L.) Dumort.的染色体形态计量学与核型

Seaweeds are potential renewable resources in marine environment. This study explored the biochemical composition of red seaweeds collected from the Gulf of Mannar, Tamil Nadu, India focussing on the species like Hypnea musciformis, Gracilaria salicornia, G. folifera, G. crassa and Jania rubens. The results showed that amongst the tested red seaweeds H. musciformis had highest carbohydrate content (28.21%), while G. salicornia had highest lipid content (3.89%). J. rubens contained the most protein (14.47%), whereas G. folifera had highest levels of chlorophyll a and flavonoids (20.1%). G. crassa had highest phenol content (7.91%) while ash content was higher in J. rubens (39.1%) and lower in G. salicornia (18.2%). Phycocyanin and allophycocyanin were maximum in G. crassa; whereas highest phycoerythrin was noticed in H. musciformis. Conversely, minimum phycobiliprotein pigments were found in G. salicornia and G. crassa. The findings highlighted the potential of these seaweeds for medicinal and industrial applications.

G Subha Devi

M Sathiyabama

N Senthil kumar Kumar

P Murugan

S Venkatesh

ASSESSMENT OF PHYTOCHEMICALS IN SOME RED SEAWEEDS GROWING ALONG THE GULF OF MANNAR COASTAL REGION OF INDIA

印度马纳尔湾沿岸生长的某些红藻中植物化学成分的评估

Chitin is the second-largest polymer in world after cellulose, which can be broken down by chitinase enzymes. Microbes have great promise and sustainability in chitinase production at industrial level. The present study was aimed to produce and partially purify the chitinase from an endophytic bacterium Bacillus cereus CE3. The B. cereus CE3 was isolated from its host Coleus amboinicus. followed by improving the production medium by using one factor at a time, Plackett-Burman and response surface methodologies. Further, enzyme was purified by using various extraction and chromatographic techniques. The purified enzyme was analysed for its antifungal activities. The study revealed that B. cereus CE3 yielded three-fold chitinase when the variables like yeast extract, fermentation time, and orange peel powder were standardized during statistical optimization of medium, as suggested by Plackett-Burman and Response surface methodologies. In optimized medium the overall yield of chitinase enzyme was 44.87%, and the enzyme was purified three-fold by using precipitation, dialysis and column chromatography. The molecular weight of partially purified chitinase was ~43 kDa as per SDS-PAGE analysis. The stability and efficiency of enzyme and its activity revealed that the enzyme was alkaline and mesophilic in nature. It showed antifungal activity by inhibiting the growth of Fusarium sp., and Aspergillus sp. The partially purified endophytic chitinase can be used as an active ingredient in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and agricultural products as a biocontrol agent.

Divya Gopalakrishnan

S Ilakkia

V Sampritha Roshini

R Sujatha

&lt;b&gt;ANTIFUNGAL PROPERTIES OF PARTIALLY PURIFIED CHITINASE ENZYME FROM AN ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIUM &lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Bacillus cereus &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;CE3 ISOLATED FROM ITS HOST &lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Coleus amboinicus &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;L. &lt;/b&gt;

从内生细菌Bacillus cereus CE3中部分纯化的几丁质酶酶的抗真菌特性，该细菌分离自其宿主Coleus amboinicus L.

Pseudo exfoliation syndrome (PEX), an age-related disorder, is a systemic extracellular matrix condition that largely manifests as distinctive ocular characteristics. Glaucoma, a clinical consequence of PEX, in exfoliation syndrome is more severe than primary open-angle glaucoma. Increased intraocular pressures and its diurnal variation are typically higher at diagnosis time, and visual field abnormalities are typically severe in exfoliation glaucoma. The present study was aimed to assess the prevalence of glaucoma in PEX patients who underwent a comprehensive ophthalmic evaluation in a tertiary care centre. An institution-based cross sectional study was conducted in ASCOMS &amp; Hospital, Jammu (India) from June to November, 2023 involving 115 clinically diagnosed PEX patients (190 eyes) of age &gt;50 years. Demographic information related to their age, sex, religion, residence and alcohol addiction was collected and glaucoma in PEX patients, if present, ascertained. The comprehensive ophthalmological evaluation undertaken included recording diurnal variation of tension, gonioscopy and visual field assessment. The study revealed the prevalence of glaucoma as 32.85% among PEX patients with mean intraocular pressure as 17.3 ± 3.7 mmHg. A significant association between glaucoma in PEX patients with age, sex and residence was observed. PEX patients of age-category 61-70 (86.4%), male (40.3%), Hindu (41.7%), urban people (45.3%) and alcohol addicted (42.2%) suffered more from glaucoma. Among the PEX patients having bilateral involvement (65.2%), glaucoma prevailed in 34.7% cases, while glaucoma was recorded in 45.0% of the rest PEX patients showing unilateral involvement. PEX is a major significant risk factor in glaucoma development. The patients suffering from PEX should get frequently examined so as to prevent the risk of glaucoma development.

Arbaz Hassan

Amarjeet Singh Bali

Andleeb Hassan

Saila Farooquee

PREVALENCE OF GLAUCOMA IN PSEUDO EXFOLIATION SYNDROMEPATIENTS AT A TERTIARY CARE CENTER IN JAMMU &amp;amp; KASHMIR (INDIA)

在印度查谟与克什米尔三级护理中心假性剥脱综合征患者中青光眼的患病率

Abbreviation
Journal Impact	0.25
Quartiles(Global)	BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY(Q4)

Publication Information	Publisher: ACS Publisher，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 2020，Proportion of original research papers: 100.00%，Self Citation Rate:33.30%， Gold OA Rate: 0.00%

Applied Biological Research

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CALLUS INDUCTION FROM THE FRONDS OF GREATER DUCKWEED (<i>Spirodela polyrhiza </i>(L.) Schleid) AND ASSESSMENT OF ITS ANTIMICROBIAL EFFICACY

Mitochondrial DNA Methylation: A Possible Breach in Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases

Molecular characterization of E1 and E3 maturity loci of soybean [Glycine Max (L.) merrill] genotypes with contrasting maturity

Application of umbilical cord blood transfusion in post-covid-19 anaemic patients

Ethnomedical use of Calotropis procera (Aiton) Dryand. in Kaduna state of Nigeria and biological evaluation

<b>MUTAGENIC IMPACT OF ETHYL METHANE SULPHONATE ON THE MORPHOLOGY AND MICROSPOROGENESIS OF </b><b><i>Artemisia annua </i></b><b>L. </b>

<b>CHROMOSOMAL MORPHOMETRY AND KARYOTYPE OF </b><b><i>Suaeda maritima </i></b><b>(L.) Dumort. GROWING ALONG THE SOUTH-EAST COAST OF INDIA </b>

ASSESSMENT OF PHYTOCHEMICALS IN SOME RED SEAWEEDS GROWING ALONG THE GULF OF MANNAR COASTAL REGION OF INDIA

<b>ANTIFUNGAL PROPERTIES OF PARTIALLY PURIFIED CHITINASE ENZYME FROM AN ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIUM </b><b><i>Bacillus cereus </i></b><b>CE3 ISOLATED FROM ITS HOST </b><b><i>Coleus amboinicus </i></b><b>L. </b>

PREVALENCE OF GLAUCOMA IN PSEUDO EXFOLIATION SYNDROMEPATIENTS AT A TERTIARY CARE CENTER IN JAMMU & KASHMIR (INDIA)