Current Topics in Electrochemistry

G. Balducci

G. Mestroni

E. Alessio

Recent developments in the electrochemistry of ruthenium-sulfoxide complexes

钌-亚砜配合物电化学的最新进展

E R Gonzalez

G Tremiliosi Filho

Martha Janete de Giz

Mechanistic studies of the hydrogen evolution reaction on nickel alloys

镍合金上析氢反应的机理研究

M.A.G.T. van den Hoop

J.M. Díaz-Cruz

H.P. van Leeuwen

Voltammetry of metal complexes with macromolecules.

金属配合物与大分子的伏安法研究。

Electrochem. oxidn. of orgs. at thermally prepd. dimensionally stable metal oxide anodes (DSA) has been studied. In reactions involving only simple electron transfer, oxide electrodes exhibit an electrocatalytic activity similar to that of noble metal electrodes. In oxidn. reactions of more complex mechanism, oxide anodes show no electrocatalytic activity below the potential of oxygen evolution and oxidn. of orgs. can take place only under conditions of simultaneous oxygen evolution. A simplified mechanism of orgs. oxidn. catalyzed by intermediates of oxygen evolution has been proposed distinguishing between two limiting electrode behaviors: (i) At qnon-activeq anodes (typically fully oxidized metal oxides) oxidn. of orgs. occurs at a high potential and leads to their combustion through physisorbed hydroxyl radicals. (ii) At qactiveq electrodes (IrO2, RuO2) the reaction takes place at lower potentials characteristic of the metal oxide and results in a selective oxidn. of the org. compd. at higher oxidized metal oxide surface sites. A kinetic model of orgs. oxidn. competed by oxygen evolution at qactiveq type anodes is also proposed and confirmed by preparative electrolysis. [on SciFinder (R)]

Gyorgy Foti

Didier Gandini

Christos Comninellis

Anodic oxidation of organics on thermally prepared oxide electrodes

热处理氧化物电极上有机物的阳极氧化

Recent progress made in our lab. in the field of electrochem. promotion of heterogeneous catalytic gas reactions is reviewed. The phenomenon consists of electrochem. polarization of the catalyst/solid electrolyte interface resulting in a dramatic, non-Faradaic modification of the catalytic reaction rate. Two main aspects have been addressed, the mechanistic interpretation of the phenomenon and the development of bipolar cell configurations suitable for practical applications. Fundamental studies were made using single-pellet type electrochem. cells with yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) solid electrolyte. Promotion of the redn. of NO by propylene over Rh/YSZ catalyst under oxidative conditions at 300C was found to be reversible over an active, essentially metallic, rhodium but irreversible over a deactivated, presumably partially oxidized, catalyst. It was shown that anodic current application with negligible power consumption might efficiently assist the recovery of accidentally lost catalytic activity of rhodium. In situ cyclic voltammetry of IrO2/YSZ catalysts showing a linear relation between voltammetric charge and combustion rate of ethylene suggested that promotion of IrO2 was ruled by the charge stored on it. In situ measurements of work function over RuO2/YSZ catalysts established a clear relation between catalyst work function and surface concn. of chemisorbed oxygen interpreted by formation of surface dipoles between adsorbed species and adsorption sites. Transient behavior of the work function-under and after polarization was closely related to the evolution of the combustion rate of ethylene supporting the idea of promoting oxygen species spreading out over the gas-exposed catalyst surface. On the application side, two new cell designs were developed, a ring-shaped and a multiple-channel configuration both operated in bipolar polarization mode. The current bypass of the ring-shaped cell detd. from current-voltage curves was very low whereas in the multiple-channel configuration both the current bypass and the cell voltage were much higher. Feasibility of electrochem. promotion was successfully demonstrated with both configurations. Promotion of the redn. of NO by propylene in ring-shaped bipolar Rh/YSZ cells and that of the combustion of ethylene in bipolar RuO2/YSZ cells of both configurations were non-Faradaic even at high open-circuit conversions. Realization of efficient bipolar cell configurations for electrochem. promotion is very promising in view of future applications in dispersed-catalytic systems. [on SciFinder (R)]

Stefan Wodiunig

Electrochemical promotion of catalysts for gas phase reactions

气相反应催化剂的电化学促进作用

Evaluation of the performance of N-doped graphene, synthesized by solvothermal method, as anode for Na-ion and Li-ion batteries

Ali Ihsan Komur

Edip Bayram

溶剂热法制备的N掺杂石墨烯作为钠离子和锂离子电池负极的性能评估

A new emerging virus named Monkeypox virus (MPXV) has recently gained significant attention, captured the headlines and spread panic among people due to the threat it poses to their health and well-being.This review paper aims to provide an overview of the virology of this novel virus, shedding light on its morphology, genetics, and process of replication.Furthermore, it delves into the origin of the virus and describes the diverse routes through which it spreads, as well as our body's immune response against it.Understanding the fundamental characteristics of the MPXV is crucial in order to comprehend its potential impact on public health.Also, exploring its genetics, and studying its replication would aid in the development of effective diagnostic methods and potential treatments, and to identify specific genes and proteins that contribute to its virulence and pathogenicity.While the likelihood of MPXV becoming a pandemic may be low, comprehensive knowledge about the virus and its modes of transmission is crucial to prevent the possibility of large-scale outbreaks.By staying informed and implementing appropriate preventive measures, we can effectively mitigate the impact of this emerging virus and safeguard public health.

Ilyes Zatla

Wafa Abid

Lamia Boublenza

Unveiling Monkeypox virus emergence: What unfolded in the aftermath of the COVID-19 threat?

揭示猴痘病毒的出现：在新冠威胁之后发生了什么？

Copper-driven catalyst design for improved oxygen reduction reactions in carbon-based materials

Arseniy Kalnin

Ksenia Kharisova

Daniil Lukyanov

Oleg Levin

Elena Alekseeva

铜驱动催化剂设计在碳基材料中提升氧还原反应

Traditional medicine plays a crucial role in healthcare and disease management in African communities; however, the quality and toxicity of these remedies remain largely unknown, particularly concerning the chronic conditions that are managed by traditional medicines.Despite the widespread use of Kigelia africana as a traditional medicine for chronic conditions, its genotoxic and mutagenic effects remain unclear.This study aimed to address this knowledge gap by examining the genotoxic and mutagenic properties of aqueous and ethyl acetate crude extracts of Kigelia africana fruits obtained from the Kazungula District of Zambia.The study used quantitative fluorescence microscopy to determine mutagenicity and genotoxicity and compared the results with the Ames results obtained in this study.The study found that the aqueous extract had no effect on cell viability, while the ethyl acetate extract caused a dose-dependent reduction in cell viability.The effects of the fruit extracts on His+ revertants were comparable to those of the negative control, showing no mutagenic effects.The study also found that the average nuclear area of Vero cells increased significantly with the highest concentration of the ethyl acetate fruit extract, but there was no significant effect on the multi+dual/mononucleated Vero cell ratio following a 48-hour exposure.This study demonstrated for the first time that K. africana fruit extracts are not cytotoxic and do not have mutagenic potential and that the extracts do not exhibit genotoxic effects at therapeutic doses.

Tumelo Akapelwa Muyenga

Bamitale K. Dominion Samuel

Kibuule Dan

Christabel N. Hikaambo

Luanne Venables

Anna C. Hattingh

Maryna van de Venter

Ezeala Christian

Cell viability and genotoxic potential of Kigelia africana fruit: implications for traditional medicine safety

非洲吊灯树果实细胞活力与遗传毒性潜力：传统药物安全性的启示

While the world is grappling with the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and striving to minimize the damage caused, another emerging virus called Monkeypox Virus (MPXV) has surfaced, capturing widespread attention and instilling panic among people.There is a fear that this new virus could lead to a scenario similar to, if not worse than, the ongoing COVID-19 crisis.Hence, the objective of this work is to provide an overview of the monkeypox disease to shed light on the characteristics and behavior of this emergent disease, to explore reliable and possible diagnostic methods, and delve into the available preventive and therapeutic measures, including viable drugs and approved vaccines, to mitigate the impact of the illness.Many enigmas still surround this emergent disease, which makes it crucial to emphasize the importance of clarifying its progression and establishing effective control measures; by doing so, we can learn from past experiences and avoid repeating the errors that occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Re-emergence of monkeypox: a post-COVID-19 challenge

猴痘的再现：后新冠时代的挑战

Publication Information	Publisher: Research Trends，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 2017，Proportion of original research papers: 0.00%，Self Citation Rate:N.A.， Gold OA Rate: 0.00%

Current Topics in Electrochemistry

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