Indian Journal of Human Development

Child marriage poses a significant threat to a child’s freedom, right to education, health and overall development potential. This study examines the influence of educational factors and socio-economic development on the prevalence of child marriage in India. Using reliable data sources, a Pearson product–moment correlation analysis and a two-tailed significance P test were conducted to reveal relationships between child marriage, education and socio-economic factors. Additionally, artificial neural network structures were employed to develop a regression model that further validates these associations. This study demonstrates that regions with strong educational systems, high enrolment rates (especially for girls) and increased educational spending significantly reduce child marriage prevalence. In contrast, high student-to-teacher ratios and dropout rates exacerbate the issue. The analysis reveals a strong negative correlation between child marriage prevalence and socio-economic factors such as urbanisation, life expectancy, per capita income and the Human Development Index. Conversely, factors such as Hindu population percentage and infant mortality rates show a significant positive association. These findings underscore the necessity of investing in education and promoting socio-economic development to combat the deeply harmful practice of child marriage. Targeted interventions in these areas have the potential to protect children’s rights and create a brighter future for generations to come.

Shreyanshi Shukla

Ashwini Kumar Upadhyay

Seema Tiwari

Effects of Educational and Socio-economic Factors on Child Marriages in India: A Statistical Analysis

教育和社会经济因素对印度童婚的影响：一项统计分析

This research examines the rural–urban differences in educational inequality of major states in India. Using National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) data and decomposition methods, this study finds that overall educational inequality has come down but still very high in rural areas. We found that factors such as limited access to higher education, financial constraints and social factors are responsible for the high inequality in rural areas. This study highlights the need for government intervention to enhance educational access by increasing institutions and providing financial aid. It also notes that non-financial barriers like English proficiency further exclude lower socio-economic groups. Hence, we argue for inclusive education policies to improve the existing situation.

None Aneesh MR

Maya K

None Aneesh KA

Education Inequality in India: An Empirical Analysis Using National Sample Survey Data

印度教育不平等：基于全国抽样调查数据的实证分析

This study focuses to examine the prevalence and determinants of poverty among handloom weavers in a non-monetary multi-dimensional approach. Drawing from a field study in four villages of Odisha which consists of 1,853 individual members in 435 weaver households, the Alkire–Foster methodology has been used for the estimation of multi-dimensional poverty. Three dimensions namely health, education and standard of living are considered to construct the multi-dimensional poverty index. The results show that around a quarter of the sample handloom weavers are multi-dimensional poor and are deprived in 40% of the indicators. Apart from this, another 29% are vulnerable to poverty. Nutrition under the health dimension and asset ownership, sanitation and cooking fuel under standard of living dimension have contributed the most to the overall MPI score. The results of regression analysis infer that household size, income, education, skill and social category are the significant factors in affecting the magnitude of poverty. Results point to a pressing need for extensive implementation and wider coverage of existing government schemes to the target population.

Ashish Kumar Meher

T. K. Venkatachalapathy

Prasant Kumar Panda

Pabitra Kumar Mishra

Multi-dimensional Poverty Among the Handloom Weavers in Odisha, India: Prevalence and Determinants

印度奥里萨邦手工织布工人的多维贫困：流行程度与决定因素

This article describes the use of the Consensual Approach to poverty measurement in a pilot survey conducted in Telangana state in 2020/21. Respondents were asked about whether a series of items and activities, ranging from two pairs of all-weather shoes to attending important social functions were essential for adults and children and whether they had them or could take part. Households that answered negatively were then asked why. Following the approach pioneered by Mack and Lansley, households whose lack was enforced were identified as deprived. We found high levels of endorsement for a wide range of items such as three meals a day, school uniforms and equipment, health facilities and transport access as well as the ability to afford clothing, social activities and savings. We also found similar levels of consensus over a wide range of necessities across religion, location, caste and education. The results underscore the importance of dimensions and specific deprivations that are not entirely captured by existing monetary and multidimensional poverty approaches used in India. This reinforces the call for child-centric methodologies such as United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF’s) Multiple Overlapping Deprivation Analysis (MODA), which distinguish between age groups and their evolving needs. Our results also suggest that simply relying on existing Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) surveys leads to underestimation of the extent to which widely endorsed needs are satisfied. Furthermore, our findings challenge policymakers to consider expanding the measurement of poverty to include the public’s perception of necessities, which will enrich the index with culturally specific and socially validated indicators.

Marco Pomati

Shailen Nandy

Sunny Jose

Bheemeshwar Reddy

Multidimensional Adult and Child Poverty in India—Establishing Consensus About Socially Perceived Necessities for a New Measure of Poverty

印度成人与儿童多维贫困——为新的贫困衡量标准确立社会共识所需的必要条件

Using panel regressions, this article investigates to what extent a reduction in gender inequality in education may increase growth of output at sub-national level in India. The article finds a considerable impact of gender inequality on economic growth which is robust. Point estimates suggest that 0.58% of the growth rate is accounted for by a better gender ratio in education attainment. Given the assumption that the distribution of innate abilities among males and females is equal, it is observed that under-addressed issue of gender equity has resulted in educational inequality and further to the adverse selection of a less efficient pool of labour having a negative impact on economic growth through lowering the average quality of human capital. Gender equality is an outcome-based achievement depending upon the successful accessibility of opportunities by females thereby the issue of gender equity becomes the precondition for gender equality.

Geeta Rani

Kavita Baliyan

The Economics of Education: A Panel Data Analysis of the Impact of Gendered Human Capital on Output Growth in India

教育经济学：印度性别人力资本对产出增长影响的面板数据分析

The purpose of this article is to explore the changing patterns of women’s empowerment and son preference at the Indian sub-national level. We have measured the state-level degree of women’s empowerment and son preference for two different periods, that is, 2015–2016 and 2019–2020 using the fourth and fifth rounds state-level National Family Health Survey data. The sample of the study consists of women who can potentially have son preference. The study has examined whether the mean level of women’s empowerment and son preference has changed significantly between the two concerned time periods. The categorisation and cluster analysis of the states is done based on the degree of women’s empowerment and son preference. To explore the degree of association between son preference and women’s empowerment and its indicators, a correlation matrix is formed. No significant increase in the mean level of son preference is found whereas the average value of the degree of women’s empowerment increased significantly in 2019–2020 compared to 2015–2016. Further, the states categorised as having comparatively strong women’s empowerment do not necessarily have a comparatively low level of son preference. No significant association between women’s empowerment and son preference is explored through the correlation matrix as well. Thus, the study leads to the conclusion that son preference in India has no significant association with women’s empowerment.

Senjuti Ghosh Das

Supravat Bagli

Women’s Empowerment and Son Preference: The Case of India

女性赋权与儿子偏好：印度个案研究

ISSN	0973-7030, 2456-480X
h-index	13

出版信息	出版商: Sage Publications India Pvt. Ltd，出版周期: ，期刊类型: journal，开源期刊: 否
基本数据	创刊年份: 2007，原创研究文献占比: ，自引率:， Gold OA占比:

Indian Journal of Human Development

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Effects of Educational and Socio-economic Factors on Child Marriages in India: A Statistical Analysis

Education Inequality in India: An Empirical Analysis Using National Sample Survey Data

Multi-dimensional Poverty Among the Handloom Weavers in Odisha, India: Prevalence and Determinants

Multidimensional Adult and Child Poverty in India—Establishing Consensus About Socially Perceived Necessities for a New Measure of Poverty

The Economics of Education: A Panel Data Analysis of the Impact of Gendered Human Capital on Output Growth in India

Effects of Educational and Socio-economic Factors on Child Marriages in India: A Statistical Analysis

Education Inequality in India: An Empirical Analysis Using National Sample Survey Data

Multi-dimensional Poverty Among the Handloom Weavers in Odisha, India: Prevalence and Determinants

The Economics of Education: A Panel Data Analysis of the Impact of Gendered Human Capital on Output Growth in India

Women’s Empowerment and Son Preference: The Case of India