Agypten und Levante

The excavations of the Czech Institute of Egyptology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University in the spring of 2018 brought to light a remarkable stela (Exc. No. 1/AS104/2018) with an offering table scene and two engaged statues depicting a couple (Sekhemka and Henutsen). The object also contains a list of sacred oils and two offering formulae (the usual Htp-dj-nswt and an unparalleled one, Htp-dj-nTr). Moreover, the polychromy is partially preserved. The article presents the stelaâs archaeological context and description, polychrome reconstruction and discussion concerning its dating and the social standing of its owners. In the context of Old Kingdom art, the stela is interpreted as a peculiar combination of elements pertinent to false doors and statues. Parallels which could help explain these features are scarce. This stela provides evidence for the origin of the false door in early Egyptian shrines, and the subsequent development of two distinct architectural forms, the false door and the statue shrine (naos).

Martin Odler

Marie Peterková Hlouchová

Veronika Dulíková

Ägypten und Levante

A unique piece of Old Kingdom art: the Funerary Stela of Sekhemka and Henutsen from Abusir South

一件独特的古王国艺术品：来自阿布西尔南部的塞赫姆卡和赫努特森墓碑

This article focuses on African-Mesopotamian relations in general and on how Egypt and Kush (in todayâs Sudan) are represented in Mesopotamian chronicles specifically. Mesopotamian chronicles, which belong to a genre that focuses on historiography, contain references to Egypt and Kush in seven different chronicles dating to the Neo-Babylonian period and the Hellenistic period. The results of the study show that Egypt and Kush are not differentiated in the sources; that the references in question deal with military conflicts; and that Egypt appears both in positive and negative terms, thus standing in contrast to the propagandistic genre of Mesopotamian royal inscriptions. Even though Mesopotamian chronicles were primarily a matter for the scholarly elite, these texts provide one piece of the puzzle on how Egypt and Kush were regarded in ancient Mesopotamia.

Mattias Karlsson

Egypt and Kush in Mesopotamian Chronicles

美索不达米亚编年史中的埃及与库施

The present paper deals with the interpretation of the antichambre carrÃ©e, the room that constitutes a typical component of the âstandardâ pyramid temples of the Old Kingdom (from Sahura onwards) and Middle Kingdom. The paperâs main scope is to question the broadly accepted theory on the meaning of the roomâs decoration, namely that it evokes the sed-festival, an act of regeneration of the kingâs reign. For this purpose, the thorough examination of the antichambre carrÃ©eâs decorative layout â assessing all known examples, with the focus not only on figural representations but also on the text â is combined with data obtained from related sources, including the Djoser shrine court within his step-pyramid complex, the Palermo Stone, the depictions of the sedfestival in Niuserraâs sun temple at Abu Ghurab and, finally, the âbirth cycleâ of Hatshepsutâs temple at Deir el-Bahari. The major conclusion emerging from this comparison is that while the main message of the antichambre carrÃ©e is indeed the manifestation of the kingâs rule over two parts of the country, the ritual acts on display could have taken place in royal ceremonies other than the sed-festival, the prime candidate being the âAppearance of the King of Upper and Lower Egyptâ, an event that seems to have commemorated the act of coronation.

Anastasiia Stupko-Lubczinska

On the Antichambre carrée and the Sed-festival: Re-examining the issue

关于Antichambre carrée与塞德节：重新审视问题

Hazor was one of the most important city states in the Late Bronze Age southern Levant and its fiercely final destruction has been of central scholarly interest for decades. Here, we present a novel perspective, which integrates multiple aspects for the end of Late Bronze Age Hazor. Our results show the complexity of Hazorâs end by integrating the stratigraphic analysis and comprehensive radiocarbon dating together with the study of local, Aegean-type and Egyptian objects from the recent decades of excavation at the site. Ultimately, we offer two different possible scenarios for the destruction of Hazor with regard to the date and the processes that led to the destruction.

Shlomit Bechar

Amnon Ben-Tor

Ido Wachtel

Daphna Ben-Tor

Elisabetta Boaretto

Philipp W. Stockhammer

The Destruction of Late Bronze Age Hazor

晚青铜时代哈佐尔的毁灭

Excavation conducted at the Tell el- Murra cemetery between the 2011 and 2018 archaeological seasons revealed 24 graves containing pottery sets. Analyses of vessel forms allow us to arrange them into five chronological groups, determined according to the chronological phases of the Naqada period: Naqada IIIB-C1, Naqada IIIC2, Naqada IIIC, Naqada IIIC2/D, and Naqada IIID.3 Pottery assemblages from each group contain some specific and repeatable types of vessels. There are several aims to this comprehensive presentation of pottery forms occurring in particular groups of graves, and for their comparison to the types recognised in graves assigned to groups at other Nile Delta sites. The first is to provide other scholars with information regarding all vessel types occurring at the Tell el-Murra cemetery. The second is to examine whether the pottery assemblages from Tell el-Murra have been subject to any changes over time. The next is to analyse whether these pottery collections are comparable to sets from other sites (and, if so, to what extent). The last goal is to indicate the reasons for and origins of eventual changes, and to discuss the conclusions arising from the analyses outlined above.

Magdalena Kazimierczak

Corpus of types of ceramic vessels discovered in Proto- and Early Dynastic graves at Tell el-Murra cemetery

泰尔埃尔穆拉墓地原史与早期王朝墓葬中发现的陶器类型语料库

Following its original discovery by Flinders Petrie in 1899/1900, the tomb of the 1st Dynasty queen, Meret-Neith at Abydos is currently the focus of a new interdisciplinary project. The project aims to establish Meret-Neithâs chronological position and role within the 1st Dynasty and to better understand, visualise, and archive her monumental tomb complex and associated artefacts. The complex comprises a main central part as well as exterior rows of subsidiary tombs, all built of mudbrick. Archaeological excavation of the central part as well as 27 (out of 41) subsidiary chambers of the complex was completed during the spring 2023 season, yielding a wide range of new results that will contribute to a better understanding of the historical significance of this queen.

E. Christiana Köhler

Peter Ferschin

Amber Hood

Friederike Junge

Bálint Istvan Kovács

Mathilde Minotti

A Preliminary Report of New Archaeological Fieldwork at the Tomb of Queen Meret-Neith of the 1st Dynasty at Abydos, Umm el-Qaab

阿比多斯乌姆·埃尔-卡阿卜第一王朝梅雷特-奈赫特王后墓新考古发掘初步报告

Manfred Bietak

Silvia Prell

A Farewell to Our Friend Edgar B. Pusch (1946–2023)

告别我们的朋友埃德加·B·普施（1946-2023）

This paper examines an unpublished Egyptian black-topped pot lacking a clear context to prove its legitimacy, authenticity, acquisition process, and date. These objectives were achieved by conducting a brief technological analysis of the firing techniques and explaining the complex nature of black-topped pottery production inside and outside of Egypt using experimental archaeology. This was done in addition to checking the dealerâs background and explaining the circumstances of its acquisition. The pot was also dated through a morphological comparison with other dated parallel examples. Based on its form, this article dates the museum piece to Naqada IC-Naqada IIA. To present the pot within its broader social context, the article also offers an overview of the period to which it belongs. The general final discussion explains that the potâs featuresâspecifically the lack of polishing and slipping on the surfaceâcan be linked to a Nubian connection. The article also explains that trade, as outlined in the text, contributes to innovation and the development of craft specialization. Hence, this piece sheds light on craft specialization and cultural transmission during NICËNIIA in Egypt, while also showing the limitations of applying knowledge transfer theories to museum objects. During this period, Upper Egyptian elites relied on surplus accumulated luxury items, including black-topped pottery. Recent studies, however, show that black-topped pottery was not only a luxury item but was also used to serve beer in ceremonies organized by the emerging elite. The potâs restricted form is interpreted as evidence of the shift toward trade, aligning with previous arguments for the same period that draw on similar forms of black-topped pottery at Abydos. In other words, this type of pottery was valued for both its aesthetic beauty and its functional utility.

Eman Khalifa

Authenticity, Provenance, and Chronology of an Unpublished Black-topped Pot (MU5060) from Macquarie University History Museum, Sydney, Australia

未发表的黑顶陶罐（MU5060）的真实性、来源及年代考证——来自澳大利亚悉尼麦考瑞大学历史博物馆

Current work at Megiddo has resolved the two main problems that have haunted research in regard to Thutmose IIIâs campaign at the site. The work shows that it was the city of Stratum IX of LB I that confronted the pharaoh. And, contrary to conventional wisdom, it also demonstrates that in the Stratum IX era, Megiddo was better protected than it was in the Middle Bronze Age, as the old brick wall was still in use, and houses that created a continuous outer stone wall were constructed on top of it.

ISSN	1015-5104, 1813-5145
h-index	21

涉及主题	历史地理考古古代史艺术地质学生物哲学古生物学计算机科学
出版信息	出版商: Verlag der Oesterreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften，出版周期: ，期刊类型: journal，开源期刊: 否
基本数据	创刊年份: 2014，原创研究文献占比: 0.00%，自引率:N.A.， Gold OA占比: 0.00%

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