Advances in Entrepreneurship, Firm Emergence and Growth

Entrepreneurial orientation (EO) has emerged as a core concept in the field of entrepreneurship. Yet, there continue to be questions about the nature of EO and how best to conceptualize and measure it. This chapter makes the case that EO has grown beyond its roots as a firm-level unidimensional strategy construct and that a new multidimensional version of EO is needed to capture the diverse manifestations and venues for entrepreneurial activity that are now evident around the world – global entrepreneurial orientation (GEO). Building on the five-dimension multidimensional view of EO set forth when Lumpkin and Dess (1996) extended the work of Miller (1983) and Covin and Slevin (1989, 1991), the chapter offers an updated definition of EO and a fresh interpretation of why EO matters theoretically. Despite earnest efforts to reconcile the different approaches to EO, in order to move the study of EO and the theoretical conversation about it forward, we maintain that as a group of scholars and a field, we need to acknowledge that two different versions of EO have emerged. Given that, we consider original approaches to measuring EO, evaluate formative measurement models, consider multiple levels of analysis, call for renewed attention to EO configurations, and discuss whether there is a theory of EO.

G. T. Lumpkin

Robert J. Pidduck

Global Entrepreneurial Orientation (GEO): An Updated, Multidimensional View of EO

全球创业导向（GEO）：对EO的更新、多维视角

This chapter outlines a design-science perspective of entrepreneurship. It zooms in on the junction between present and future to distinguish entrepreneurship as a natural and as an artificial phenomenon. While the current study of entrepreneurship speaks to the former, it has been silent on the latter. The chapter discusses design as a distinct mode of research, opportunity as a design artifact, and the generative power of recursive action to make the case for problematizing entrepreneurial action as a focus of research. It then defines its research questions, discusses the logic and process for addressing them, and outlines the nature of research outputs.

Dimo Dimov

Toward a Design Science of Entrepreneurship

迈向创业学的设计科学

The latest volume of Advances in Entrepreneurship, Firm Emergence and Growth examines many questions regarding growth. What decisions and designs of the entrepreneur lead to growth? What are the beginning stages of growth? Are there differences in what drives high growth entrepreneurship versus slower growth entrepreneurship? Are new firms adopting novel approaches to growth? How do growth rates and patterns change over the life of the firm? What policies, infrastructure, and capabilities are necessary to for entrepreneurial regional growth at the macro level? What are the foundational components necessary for growth across all levels of entrepreneurship?

Andrew C. Corbett

Jerome A. Katz

A. McKelvie

Entrepreneurial Growth: Individual, Firm, and Region

创业成长：个人、企业与区域

In “The next wave of entrepreneurship research,” Schoonhoven and Romanelli (hereafter S&R, this volume) set forth a broad-gauge review of recent work in entrepreneurship. They challenge standard debates and focus on arguments and research that explore large-scale contextual variation in complex ecologies of entrepreneurship over time. Further, their review puts networks and teams, communities of expertise and knowledge, and collective activity at the center of new directions for entrepreneurial research. They contend, in this paper and elsewhere, that the important questions going forward “concern the mass effects of entrepreneurial activity on the creation of new firms and industries, the pioneering of emerging markets, the evolution of existing industries, the development of regional economies, and even … the competitiveness of nations” (Schoonhoven & Romanelli, 2001, p. 383).

Saras Sarasvathy

Nicholas Dew

Marc J. Ventresca

Entrepreneurial Strategic Content

Unpacking entrepreneurship as collective activity: opportunities, activity and context

解构创业作为集体活动：机会、活动与情境

Howard E. Aldrich

Gabriele Wiedenmayer

Chapter 4 From Traits to Rates: An Ecological Perspective on Organizational Foundings

第四章 从特质到速率：组织创立的生态学视角

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Advances in Entrepreneurship, Firm Emergence and Growth

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Global Entrepreneurial Orientation (GEO): An Updated, Multidimensional View of EO

Toward a Design Science of Entrepreneurship

Entrepreneurial Growth: Individual, Firm, and Region

Unpacking entrepreneurship as collective activity: opportunities, activity and context

Chapter 4 From Traits to Rates: An Ecological Perspective on Organizational Foundings

Global Entrepreneurial Orientation (GEO): An Updated, Multidimensional View of EO

Chapter 4 From Traits to Rates: An Ecological Perspective on Organizational Foundings

Toward a Design Science of Entrepreneurship

Entrepreneurial Growth: Individual, Firm, and Region

Unpacking entrepreneurship as collective activity: opportunities, activity and context