JEEG (ISSN 1083-1363) 是环境与工程地球物理学会 (EEGS) 的同行评审期刊。 JEEG 欢迎有关近地表地球物理学在环境、工程和采矿问题上的新发展的手稿，以及新的近地表地球物理学案例历史和针对近地表地球物理学界的新硬件的描述。

The Journal of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics (ISSN 1083-1363) is a peer-reviewed journal published by the Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society (EEGS). The journal welcomes manuscripts on new developments in near-surface geophysics related to environmental, engineering, and mining issues, as well as descriptions of new hardware and case studies in near-surface geophysics.

《Journal of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics》 (ISSN 1083-1363) 是环境与工程地球物理学会 (EEGS) 出版的同行评审期刊。该期刊欢迎关于近地表地球物理学在环境、工程和采矿领域的新发展手稿，以及新的近地表地球物理学案例研究和针对该领域的新硬件的描述。

Journal of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics

An induction coil sensor (ICS) is important for measuring low-frequency (DC-1kHz) geomagnetic field. The accuracy of the preamplifier is one key factor determining the performance of the sensor. But the preamplifier is susceptible to 1/ f noise, offset voltage and drift. In order to eliminate these influences, a preamplifier circuit with three amplifier stages based on chopper technology has been designed, and its performance has been tested. The results show that: 1) The 1/ f noise corner frequency is 3 mHz, the equivalent input voltage noise (EIVN) level of the circuit is [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]; 2) The equivalent input current noise (EICN) level of the circuit is [Formula: see text]; 3) The offset voltage is about 600 nV, and the time drift performance is excellent. In conclusion, the preamplifier circuit has characteristics of ultralow noise, low offset voltage and low time drift. It can effectively amplify low-frequency weak geomagnetic signals from 1 mHz to 1 kHz and provides excellent performance for low-frequency ICS.

Jiawei Li

Zhenzhu Xi

Xingpeng Chen

He Wang

Xia Long

Sheng Zhou

Liang Wang

Ultralow Noise Low Offset Chopper Amplifier for Induction Coil Sensor to Detect Geomagnetic Field of 1 mHz to 1 kHz

用于感应线圈传感器检测1 mHz至1 kHz地磁场的超低噪声低偏置斩波放大器

Abandoned wells may act as conduits for the contamination of groundwater by oil field brines and other pollutants. The steel casings of abandoned wells eventually develop leaks, which if not properly plugged, can allow pollutants to reach freshwater aquifers that supply drinking water. Resistivity surveys were conducted in the vicinity of five abandoned oil wells in order to characterize the near-surface geology and to determine the effects of the steel casings and potential leakage. The arrays consisted of dipole-dipole (DD) and inverse Schlumberger (SLB) arrays. The effects from steel cased wells can manifest as low resistivity anomalies in the vicinity of the casings, depending on proximity of the line to the well, well location along the line, and the specific array used. These features appear as vertical, circular, elliptical, and bell-like anomalies. However, in some instances with the SLB array, the data appear not to be affected by the presence of steel casings. This observation is significant because resistivity surveys utilizing the SLB array can provide reliable information on near-surface geology next to abandoned wells, and horizontal and vertical extension of brine impacted areas due to leaking abandoned oil wells. The DD array, on the other hand, is better at locating potentially hidden abandoned wells but interpreting subsurface structure or contamination with the array is more difficult.

Mustafa Saribudak

Dale F. Rucker

Allan Haas

Electrical Resistivity Imaging near Abandoned Steel Oil Wells: Five Case Studies, USA

废弃钢制油井附近的电阻率成像：美国五个案例研究

The United States Revolutionary War (1775–1783) resulted in numerous mass burials in the eastern United States, with deaths occurring not just directly related to the battles fought, but also from disease, starvation, and exposure. Current information relating to these mass burials is often gathered from myths and rumors, leaving the truth of the historical aspects of that time period ambiguous. Geophysical techniques are increasingly utilized in archaeologic and forensic studies to locate unmarked burials. GPR, magnetics, and electrical resistivity have been used to successfully identify burial locations around the world in a non-invasive manner. This paper aims to illustrate how different burials of the US Revolutionary War period can be detected and characterized with geophysics, providing important knowledge of a better historical understanding of that time period, as well as optimizing equipment instrumentation and processing procedures for such targeted investigations. Three case studies of Revolutionary War Era mass burial sites in Pennsylvania, USA are described here: the Paoli Battlefield Memorial, the Old Charlestown Cemetery, and Saint Peter's Church in the Great Valley. These sites are within 9 km of each other and have historic records that suggest mass burials during this period. Results show GPR to provide the most useful data overall, with supporting information gathered from the supplemental geophysical techniques of magnetometry and resistivity. 2D profiles tend to provide a more valuable image of the subsurface than 3D slices. Larger burials leave a greater footprint and have a higher chance of causing a geophysical disturbance that can be measured more than 200 years after the burial. Soil moisture content and vegetation type can impact quality of results. Study implications demonstrate the challenges and potential usefulness of geophysical techniques to successfully locate and characterize mass burials of this time period.

Laura Sherrod

Heather Willever

Kim Shollenberger

Corey Potter

Roger Thorne

Ann Kline

Geophysical Investigations of United States Revolutionary War Era (1777–1778) Mass Burial Sites in Pennsylvania, USA

美国宾夕法尼亚州美国独立战争时期（1777-1778年）大规模墓葬遗址的地质物理调查

The fluxes between groundwater and surface water play a significant role in quantifying water balance along stream reaches to continent scales. Changes in these dynamics are occurring due to aquifer depletion, where pre-development baseflow conditions have transitioned to losing conditions. This problem is studied along the Arkansas River in Western Kansas across a stream reach that transitions from near steady state to losing conditions, and contributes focused recharge to a depleting Ogallala Aquifer. Existing hydrologic data illustrates the lack of understanding they provide related to the control of fluxes exerted by alluvial deposits. Electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) surveys were conducted along this river transect to elucidate the dynamic hydrologic connection existing between the Arkansas River and underlying Arkansas Alluvial and Ogallala Aquifers. Temporal changes in ERI profiles are associated with the transient hydrologic conditions below the water-sediment interface, and complement the hydrogeologic interpretations of the individual ERI profiles. Additionally, fine grained soil inclusions may become revealed by temporal changes in resistivity due to differences in their water holding capacity relative to that of a surrounding matrix of coarser grained soil across changes in recharge. These findings corroborate the role of river-aquifer connectivity and riverbed heterogeneity on localized recharge through embedded assemblages of fine and coarse grained soils.

Weston J. Koehn

Stacey E. Tucker-Kulesza

David R. Steward

Characterizing Riverbed Heterogeneity across Shifts in River Discharge through Temporal Changes in Electrical Resistivity

通过电阻率的时间变化表征河流流量变化下的河床异质性

The transient electromagnetic method (TEM) and controlled-source audio-frequency magnetotellurics method (CSAMT) are commonly used in detecting water abundance of rock formation and faults in coal mines. However, these methods show low accuracy, given the multiplicity of their inversion results, especially for areas with minor differences in lithology and electrical property. To improve the accuracy of electromagnetic exploration, a pseudo-2D joint inversion is performed. The objective function of this pseudo-2D joint inversion is established, and the joint inversion process is constrained by resistivity logging data. Afterward, the symmetric successive over-relaxation (SSOR) is used to realize the pseudo-2D joint inversion calculation of TEM and CSAMT with well log constraint. The effectiveness of joint inversion is verified by combining synthetic and field data. Results show that the pseudo-2D joint inversion results of TEM and CSAMT with well log constraint correspond to the actual geological situation. Compared with either TEM or CSAMT, joint inversion has a significantly better capability of reflecting water abundance in rock formation and faults.

Dong Yi

Cheng Jiulong

Xue Junjie

Wen Laifu

Chen Tao

Wang Huijie

Chen Zhi

Tian Chuxiao

Research on Pseudo-2D Joint Inversion of TEM and CSAMT Based on Well Log Constraint

基于测井约束的瞬变电磁与可控源音频大地电磁伪二维联合反演研究

Crosshole seismic tomography (CST) could be used to reconstruct the velocity section of media between two holes. One commonly used attribute of fractures reflected in seismic waves is the anisotropy of velocity. Therefore, in this study, the multiple symmetry axes of anisotropic media are utilized to simulate the multiple-set fractures in strata. The anisotropic algebraic reconstruction technique (AART) and anisotropic simultaneous iterative reconstruction technique (ASIRT), extensions of isotropic ART and SIRT, are developed to detect the medium with multiple symmetry axes and strong anisotropy. Full coverage of ray paths in azimuth is needed for these techniques. The performances of these techniques are tested by numerical and physical modeling. Testing results show that the proposed AART and ASIRT methods can successfully detect the multiple-set fractures when the observed data exceeds the estimated parameters. However, in complexly anisotropic and heterogeneous media, the estimation error will significantly increase when using these techniques if the number of estimated parameters is equal to or greater than the number of observed data.

Young-Fo Chang

Wei-Zhih Chang

Lun-Tao Tong

Detect Multiple-Set Fractures by Crosshole Seismic Tomography for use in Environmental and Engineering Geophysics

通过跨孔地震层析成像检测多组裂缝用于环境与工程地球物理

Non-uniqueness in the inversion of seismic data can be considered the main challenge for the application of such data. Prior information, such as downhole data, can be used to control this problem. However, in most cases, prior information is not available; accordingly, geophysicists/analysts have to suppose a primary model for the observed data and then find the final adequate layered earth model through trial and error. In this study, a new technique was developed based on the artificial neural network (ANN) for the inversion of seismic refraction data in the absence of prior information. In this regard, a sequential multilayer perceptron (SMLP) was proposed, which integrates the sequential information of the model parameters to predict a reasonable layered earth model. In fact, at first, a multilayer perceptron (MLP) (First-MLP) was trained by synthetic data; then, a layered earth model, i.e., the primary model, was predicted for the observed data. Next, using the primary model, a range for each of the model parameters, i.e., thickness and P-wave velocity, for each layer was defined. Subsequently, new synthetic samples were generated based on the determined ranges. Finally, using another MLP (Second-MLP), which was trained by the new synthetic samples, the final model for the observed data was estimated. The proposed method was also tested by employing different synthetic data with and without noise. Moreover, the SMLP inversion technique was used to analyze the experimental seismic refraction dataset at a dam construction site. The results for both synthetic and experimental data confirmed the reliability of the proposed SMLP inversion technique.

Rashed Pourmirzaee

Shahab Hosseini

Development of an ANN-Based Technique for Inversion of Seismic Refraction Travel Times

基于人工神经网络的地震折射走时反演技术发展

Afshin Aghayan

Aleksandra Varnavina

Editors’ Foreword

编者按

Swells in marine seismic data disrupt the continuity of the reflection events and make interpretation difficult. The swell effect removal process consists of sea-bottom detection and correction, which removes the swell effect by shifting the detected sea-bottom signal to the known or estimated seafloor location. The quality of correction depends on the accuracy of the sea-bottom detection. Since general sea-bottom signal detection techniques have been applied directly after pre-processing, many mispick scenarios exist due to the characteristics of the data, and additional processes are needed. This study proposes a method for accurately detecting sea-bottom reflection signals using the guideline. The errors are caused by mistaking other reflection events as sea-bottom signals. The guideline can improve detection accuracy by providing rough event times of sea-bottom reflection. The guideline was extracted from the gradient vector flow (GVF) technique, a segmentation method in image processing. In the GVF data, the seafloor signals are smoothed, and the energy is focused on the sea bottom. The threshold method detected sea-bottom signals in the range after the guideline. The detected signals were shifted to estimated seafloor locations to attenuate the swell effect. The GVF-based guideline (GVF-GL) method was applied to field data acquired by the airgun and chirp sources with different frequencies. The sea-bottom location was successfully detected, and the continuity of the sea-bottom and subsurface signals in the section was improved.

Kyoungmin Lim

Jiho Ha

Jungkyun Shin

Sungryul Shin

Wookeen Chung

Seismic Swell Effect Correction Using GVF-Based Guideline

基于GVF准则的地震膨胀效应校正

The occurrence of geothermal spring not only enhances human health, but also plays a crucial role in generating community’s revenue that boosts up the standard living of locals. An endeavor has been made to delineate the prospective areas of geothermal spring in Kon Tum province, Vietnam by the utilization of joint-geophysical techniques. The blended mode as mentioned is opted for its superiority in providing the rapidassesments of temperature in shallow temperature survey, comprehensive understanding the subsurface structure in electrical resistivity tomography in copporating with the validation in well log interpretation. The results found that the overlapping region of high temperature (35°C) region and low resistivity (200 Ωm) is observed in the east in the vicinity of Dlak Bla river, and it probably broadens to the west of the study area. The outcome of geophysical approaches strongly concur with the well log interpretation, revealing the presence of water-bearing zone encountered in fractured granite. The results also corroborated the existence of concealing fault F5 as a branch of the NE-SW fault F2 which is favorable for creating a route to form the geothermal spring. The output of this research could be considered as an intentive consultation for Kon Tum’s planners and makers on expanding the investigation and exploitation.

Dat Pham Ngoc

Trang Pham Hong

Phong Lai Hop

Toan Dinh Van

Hieu Tran Trung

Ninh Duong Thi

Tuan Tran Dang

Thong Kieu Duy

Kien Pham Ngoc

Application of Multi-Near-Surface Geophysical Surveys for Geothermal Spring: A Case Study in Kon Tum Province, Vietnam

多近地表地球物理勘探在地热泉中的应用：越南昆嵩省案例研究

Abbreviation	JEEG
Journal Impact	0.94
Quartiles(Global)	GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS(Q3)

ISSN	1083-1363, 1943-2658
h-index	39

Publication Information	Publisher: Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society (EEGS)，Publishing cycle: Quarterly，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 2003，Proportion of original research papers: 100.00%，Self Citation Rate:20.00%， Gold OA Rate: 0.00%
Average review cycle	网友分享经验：>12周，或约稿
Average recruitment ratio	网友分享经验：容易

Journal of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics

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