Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation

Abstract Background Sarcopenia is a syndrome characterized by a progressive decline in muscle mass and strength, with subsequent deterioration of functional performance and increased morbidity and mortality. Its emergence may be associated with disorders that are not limited to the elderly. The multifactorial nature of sarcopenia is a major barrier to diagnosis. Several risk factors contribute to the development of sarcopenia, including age, gender, and amount of physical activity. Additionally, the pathophysiology of sarcopenia involves inflammatory conditions, endocrinal dysfunction, and metabolic alterations. Several studies have proposed numerous molecules that may be linked to the pathogenesis of sarcopenia and could be useful in the future; however, there is an unmet need to discover a sensitive, reliable, and cost-effective biomarker of muscle aging. Main text The objective of this research is to highlight different biomarkers of sarcopenia that reflect its multifactorial pathophysiology. A narrative review was carried out through a series of literature searches in the database MEDLINE/PubMed focusing on sarcopenia biomarkers. The following search terms were used: “sarcopenia,” “osteosarcopenia,” “muscle ageing,” “muscle failure,” “sarcopenic obesity,” “weakness,” “biomarkers,” “frailty,” “comorbidity,” “functional disability,” and “inflamm-aging.” The studies were observational and peer-reviewed. They were all carried out at a referral center, hospital, or in the community. The articles chosen all contained information about sarcopenia. Case reports and articles that did not assess people's muscle aging and sarcopenia were not considered. Conclusion Despite the availability of numerous functional, imaging, and biological sarcopenia markers, the inherent limitations of the assessment tools make it difficult to objectively measure the various sarcopenia domains. A valid and reliable biomarker of sarcopenia has yet to be identified. The identification of “gold standard” evaluation techniques that should be systematically used is also impacted by the variability of the populations to be assessed. In this context, the establishment of an international consensus adopting a multi-biomarker approach may be of utmost importance to tackle the different aspects of this multifactorial health-related problem.

Mona El-Sebaie

Walaa Elwakil

Biomarkers of sarcopenia: an unmet need

肌少症的生物标志物：一个未满足的需求

Abstract Background Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) is an important molecule produced by hepatocytes that has been noticed as a prooxidative enzyme. GGT has been found to be included in the inflammation process and oxidative damage in multiple diseases in human. Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is an inflammatory disorder leading to high mortality and morbidity due to cardiovascular events. However, GGT role in PsA remains unclear. The aim of this study is to determine the association of GGT with PsA activity and atherosclerosis in PsA patients. Also, to investigate if GGT can serve as an indicator of subclinical atherosclerosis in PsA patients. Results This study was performed on 30 PsA patients and 30 matched healthy subjects. All patients underwent detailed history taking and clinical assessment. Disease activity in PsA (DAPSA) score was used to assess disease activity in PsA patients. GGT level in serum was quantified by utilizing enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and correlated with carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) and PsA disease activity. Patients’ mean age and disease duration was 43.37 ± 7.65 years (30–55 years) and 7.97 ± 4.214 years (2–15 years) respectively. Levels of GGT in serum were significantly increased in patients compared to GGT serum levels in controls ( p &lt; 0.001). Serum GGT levels showed significant positive correlation with DAPSA score, LDL, cholesterol triglycerides, and right and left CIMT ( r = 0.913, 0.587, 0.779, 0.803, 0.736, 0.728 and p &lt; 0.001 respectively) and significant negative correlation with HDL ( r = − 0.681 and p &lt; 0.001). However, GGT serum levels and PsA disease duration did not show significant correlation. Conclusion Serum GGT was associated with high disease activity, high lipid profile, and large CIMT in PsA patients. GGT might be an indicator of subclinical atherosclerosis and increased disease activity in patients with PsA.

Wafaa Soliman

Nada Adel

Aya Safar

Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase as an indicator for subclinical cardiovascular disease in patients with psoriatic arthritis

用于银屑病关节炎患者亚临床心血管疾病的γ-谷氨酰转肽酶指标

Mirella Sherif

Rabab Fouad

Tamer Elbaz

Maryse Awadalla

Omnia Tantawi

Mohamed Negm

Dalia Abd El-kareem

Ibrahim Naguib

Hany Shehab

Hedy A. Badary

Sarcopenia and low prognostic nutritional index as markers of disease activity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and predictors of poor outcome: a cohort longitudinal study

肌少症和低预后营养指数作为炎症性肠病患者疾病活动标志物及不良预后预测因素：一项队列纵向研究

Abstract Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune condition that causes synovitis and functional impairment. Currently, the most often utilized biomarkers for monitoring disease activity and severity are acute phase proteins, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP). However, discrepancies have been found between the clinical inflammation and their levels. Therefore, there is a strong need for a novel biomarker to forecast how RA will proceed clinically and monitor the response to therapy. This study assessed the diagnostic value of serum cystatin D in RA patients and its potential as a biomarker for disease activity monitoring . Results RA patients had considerably greater serum levels of cystatin D than the control group. These values showed a positive correlation with Disease Activity Score-28 (DAS28), ESR, CRP, grayscale synovitis, power Doppler synovitis, grayscale tenosynovitis ( p &lt; 0.001), and erosions, sum scores ( p &lt; 0.05). Nonetheless, no noteworthy association was observed between the serum cystatin D levels and sociodemographic data, rheumatoid factor (RF), and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP). Conclusion Cystatin D serum levels are higher in RA patients compared to healthy subjects and are strongly correlated with the activity of RA. It can be a valuable biomarker for evaluating RA disease activity.

Dalia Mohamed Gamal Mohamed

Sara Ibrahim Taha

Rehab Ali Ibrahim

Mohammed Maher Mohammed

Shaymaa Gamal Arafa

Cystatin D serum level in rheumatoid arthritis and its relation to disease activity

胱抑素D血清水平在类风湿性关节炎中的表达及其与疾病活动的关系

Abstract Background The Egyptian Academy of Bone and Muscle Health in collaboration with the Egyptian College of Pediatric Rheumatology have identified two indicators to ensure optimum health outcomes among children: one is developmentally and nutritionally appropriate healthcare, and the second is the availability of an effective transition of care model from pediatric care to adult health services. Currently, there is no national guidelines on transition of care for children and adolescents with osteoporosis and metabolic bone disease. To close this gap, this work was carried out to develop the Egyptian guidelines for transition model of care. Results The final recommendation included 12 specific domains. These included the following: targeted population, transition age, transition readiness, patient-targeted care, and disease-specific knowledge, patient education, and optimum model for the transition of care, transition referral, management approach, high quality of care, documentation, and recent service approaches as well as standards and quality indicators. All the overarching principles and most voters agreed with the 12 amended recommendations. Conclusion Transitional care is the term used to describe services that seek to bridge this care gap. Based on the best available data and professional judgment, these consensus-based recommendations guide ways to achieve optimal outcomes in transitional care for adolescents with osteoporosis and metabolic bone disorders. Though focussed on transition of care of bone and muscle health, this article can be the bases for transition services for children with other chronic conditions. This could be used as a blueprint for additional national or internationally healthcare transition policies.

Yasser El Miedany

Hala Lotfy

Laila Abdel Ghaffar

Maha El Gaafary

Safaa Mahran

Susan Plummer

Waleed Hassan

Mohamed Hassan Abu-Zaid

Transition of care: toward tailored transition of adolescents with osteoporosis and metabolic bone diseases to adult care through an integrated, people-centered, disease-specific health services framework

护理过渡：通过一个综合的、以人为本、针对特定疾病的医疗服务框架，实现青少年骨质疏松症和代谢性骨病患者向成人护理的个性化过渡

Abstract Background Systemic sclerosis is a connective tissue disease of unknown etiology, characterized by vasculopathy, fibrosis, inflammation, and immune dysregulation that lead to widespread internal organs fibrosis, chronic ischemia, and subsequent end-stage organ failure. Our purpose was to examine the role of human epididymis protein IV as a biomarker of interstitial lung disease severity in comparison to Krebs von den Lungen-VI glycoprotein and apoprotein A2 among systemic sclerosis patients. Results There was a highly significant elevation of serum human epididymis protein IV between systemic sclerosis patients (both with and without interstitial lung disease) and the control group ( p &lt; 0.001) with the highest value in patients having interstitial lung disease. Krebs von den Lungen-VI and apoprotein A2 also showed a significant difference in their values between the patients’ and control groups ( p &lt; 0.01 and = 0.02 respectively). Conclusion The level of human epididymis protein-IV was overexpressed in systemic sclerosis patients with interstitial lung disease in comparison to systemic sclerosis patients without interstitial lung disease indicating its high sensitivity as a potential biomarker in fibrotic activity diagnosis.

Alaa Mohammad El-Salawy

Hanaa Samy El-Banna

Manal Shawky Hussein

Mohamed Hosny Fouda

Rasha Ahmad Gaber

Rasha Youssef Hagag

Souzan Ezzat Gado

Efficacy of human epididymis protein-IV as potential lung disease biomarker in comparison to Krebs von den Lungen-VI glycoprotein and apoprotein A2 among systemic sclerosis patients

人附睾蛋白IV作为系统性硬化症患者潜在肺病生物标志物的疗效比较：与克雷布斯肺蛋白VI糖蛋白和载脂蛋白A2的对比研究

Abbreviation	Egypt Rheumatol Rehabil
Journal Impact	0.74
Quartiles(Global)	RHEUMATOLOGY(Q4)

Publication Information	Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: Yes
Basic data	Year of publication: 2013，Proportion of original research papers: 91.94%，Self Citation Rate:25.00%， Gold OA Rate: 100.00%
Average review cycle	网友分享经验：9 Weeks

Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation

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Biomarkers of sarcopenia: an unmet need

Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase as an indicator for subclinical cardiovascular disease in patients with psoriatic arthritis

Sarcopenia and low prognostic nutritional index as markers of disease activity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and predictors of poor outcome: a cohort longitudinal study

Cystatin D serum level in rheumatoid arthritis and its relation to disease activity

Transition of care: toward tailored transition of adolescents with osteoporosis and metabolic bone diseases to adult care through an integrated, people-centered, disease-specific health services framework

Transition of care: toward tailored transition of adolescents with osteoporosis and metabolic bone diseases to adult care through an integrated, people-centered, disease-specific health services framework

Cystatin D serum level in rheumatoid arthritis and its relation to disease activity

Sarcopenia and low prognostic nutritional index as markers of disease activity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and predictors of poor outcome: a cohort longitudinal study

Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase as an indicator for subclinical cardiovascular disease in patients with psoriatic arthritis

Efficacy of human epididymis protein-IV as potential lung disease biomarker in comparison to Krebs von den Lungen-VI glycoprotein and apoprotein A2 among systemic sclerosis patients