JOURNAL OF APPLIED MATHEMATICS 是一本专业期刊，致力于在应用、计算和工业数学的所有领域发表原创研究论文和评论文章。

The Journal of Applied Mathematics is a professional journal dedicated to publishing original research papers and review articles in all areas of applied, computational, and industrial mathematics.

《Journal of Applied Mathematics》是一本专业期刊，专注于应用、计算和工业数学领域，发表原创研究论文和评论文章。

Journal of Applied Mathematics

The research on the gas axial flow regulating valve is one of the key tasks for the localization of critical valves in natural gas pipelines. With the main purpose of improving the design of the sleeve of the gas axial flow regulating valve, numerical simulation calculations are conducted on the internal flow passage of the gas axial flow control valve by using fluid simulation software. According to the existing design of the valve sleeve, the design scheme of the valve sleeve is improved by changing the diameter of the throttle hole of the valve sleeve. After improving the valve sleeve, eight simulations have been performed at different openings to analyze the velocity field, pressure distribution, and variations in aerodynamic noise within the flow passage at two design schemes. A comparison is also made between two valves for their respective flow fields and noise characteristics which use two different sleeve designs. The simulation results indicate that appropriately increasing the throttle aperture can improve the flow performance of a gas axial flow regulating valve, reducing noise levels to below 100 dB at medium and small openings.

Xiuqin Gu

Kailei Liu

Haifang Zhong

Jing Yang

Huabing Zhang

Improvement of Sleeve for Gas Axial Flow Regulating Valve and Analysis of Flow Field Characteristics

气轴流调节阀套筒改进及流场特性分析

This paper gives an upper bound of a modulus of the derivative of rational functions. where r ( z ) has exactly n poles a 1 , a 2 , ⋯, a n and all the zeros of r ( z ) lie in k ≥ 1 except the zeros of order s at z 0 , | z 0 | &lt; k . Moreover, we give an upper bound of a modulus of the derivative of rational functions. , where r ( z ) has the zeros z 0 , z 1 , ⋯, z v with | z i | &lt; k for 0 ≤ i ≤ v and the remaining n − ( s 0 + s 1 +⋯+ s v ) zeros lie in Additionally, we provide proofs for several results that not only generalize certain inequalities for rational functions with restricted zeros but also offer refinements of certain polynomial inequalities as special cases.

Preeti Gupta

Inequalities Involving the Derivative of Rational Functions With Prescribed Poles

涉及具有指定极点的有理函数导数的非等式

Feature selection refers to finding a compact feature subset in which redundant and irrelevant information is reduced. It is generally aimed at simplifying the learning model and improving the learning performance simultaneously. To further enhance the traditional feature selection, ensemble feature selection has been developed vigorously in recent years. In this study, a novel ensemble feature selection algorithm that fuses multiple scores induced by multiple neighbourhood rough set–based feature evaluation criteria is presented. In detail, three different neighbourhood rough set–based feature evaluation criteria are applied, including neighbourhood approximation quality, neighbourhood recognition rate, and neighbourhood discrimination index. These representative measures serve as ensemble bases to induce multiple feature scores. Then, an aggregation method is proposed to fuse these scores for quantifying the feature importance quality. Finally, a searching algorithm based on this neighbourhood score by multicriterion fusion is devised. Experimental results on 16 UCI data sets prove that the proposed method outperforms other feature selection algorithms in classification task.

Zhen Ma

Ensemble Feature Selection Using Neighbourhood Rough Set–Based Multicriterion Fusion

基于邻域粗糙集的多准则融合集成特征选择

We convert the viscous compressible fluid equations with capillary effect into the equivalent planar dynamical system and illustrate the global qualitative phase diagrams corresponding to its bounded orbits by the qualitative theory of ordinary differential equations. From the evolutionary relationship of bounded orbits in global qualitative phase diagrams and the correspondence between the bounded orbit and traveling wave, we discover the evolutionary rule of the profile of the traveling wave as the viscous coefficient varying and the forming reason for the damped oscillatory traveling wave. Further, we construct the analytical approximate explicit expression of the damped oscillatory traveling waves in accordance with the forming reason and prove its error decreases in exponential form. Finally, we compare the approximate damped oscillatory traveling wave with the numerical solution. The result shows they fit well.

Xiang Li

Weiguo Zhang

Approximate Damped Oscillatory Traveling Wave in Viscous Compressible Fluid With Capillary Effect

粘性可压缩流体中毛细效应下的近似阻尼振荡行波

In this article, we introduce a novel concept of orthogonal nonlinear contraction and establish some tripled fixed point theorems for this class of contractions in the framework of an orthogonal complete G ‐metric space. An appropriate example demonstrates the validity of the main results, highlighting the advantages of the comparable literature. The results proved here will be utilized to show the existence of a solution to an integral equation in applications.

Arul Joseph Gnanaprakasam

Gunaseelan Mani

Santosh Kumar

Technique of Tripled Fixed Point Results on Orthogonal <i>G</i>‐Metric Spaces

正交G-度量空间上的三重不动点结果技术

Lymphatic filariasis is a leading cause of chronic and irreversible damage to human immunity. This paper presents deterministic and continuous-time Markov chain (CTMC) stochastic models regarding lymphatic filariasis dynamics. To account for randomness and uncertainties in dynamics, the CTMC model was formulated based on deterministic model possible events. A deterministic model’s outputs suggest that disease extinction is feasible when the secondary threshold infection number is below one, while persistence becomes likely when the opposite holds true. Furthermore, the significant contribution of asymptomatic carriers was identified. Results indicate that persistence is more likely to occur when the infection results from asymptomatic, acutely infected, or infectious mosquitoes. Consequently, the CTMC stochastic model is essential in capturing variabilities, randomness, associated probabilities, and validity across different scales, whereas oversimplification and unpredictability of inherent may not be featured in a deterministic model.

Mussa A. Stephano

Jacob I. Irunde

Maranya M. Mayengo

Dmitry Kuznetsov

The Significance of Stochastic CTMC Over Deterministic Model in Understanding the Dynamics of Lymphatic Filariasis With Asymptomatic Carriers

随机连续时间马尔可夫链在理解淋巴丝虫病动态中优于确定性模型的意义，考虑无症状携带者

This work presents a stochastic model of malaria spread. We first calculated the basic reproduction number <a:math xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><a:msub><a:mrow><a:mi>R</a:mi></a:mrow><a:mrow><a:mn>0</a:mn></a:mrow></a:msub></a:math> of the models <c:math xmlns:c="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2"><c:mfenced open="(" close=")"><c:mrow><c:msub><c:mrow><c:mi>S</c:mi></c:mrow><c:mrow><c:mi>h</c:mi></c:mrow></c:msub><c:msub><c:mrow><c:mi>I</c:mi></c:mrow><c:mrow><c:mi>h</c:mi></c:mrow></c:msub><c:msub><c:mrow><c:mi>R</c:mi></c:mrow><c:mrow><c:mi>h</c:mi></c:mrow></c:msub><c:msub><c:mrow><c:mi>S</c:mi></c:mrow><c:mrow><c:mi>h</c:mi></c:mrow></c:msub><c:mo>‐</c:mo><c:msub><c:mrow><c:mi>S</c:mi></c:mrow><c:mrow><c:mi>v</c:mi></c:mrow></c:msub><c:msub><c:mrow><c:mi>I</c:mi></c:mrow><c:mrow><c:mi>v</c:mi></c:mrow></c:msub></c:mrow></c:mfenced></c:math> and <g:math xmlns:g="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M3"><g:mfenced open="(" close=")"><g:mrow><g:msub><g:mrow><g:mi>S</g:mi></g:mrow><g:mrow><g:mi>h</g:mi></g:mrow></g:msub><g:msub><g:mrow><g:mi>L</g:mi></g:mrow><g:mrow><g:mi>h</g:mi></g:mrow></g:msub><g:msub><g:mrow><g:mi>I</g:mi></g:mrow><g:mrow><g:mi>h</g:mi></g:mrow></g:msub><g:msub><g:mrow><g:mi>R</g:mi></g:mrow><g:mrow><g:mi>h</g:mi></g:mrow></g:msub><g:msub><g:mrow><g:mi>S</g:mi></g:mrow><g:mrow><g:mi>h</g:mi></g:mrow></g:msub><g:mo>‐</g:mo><g:msub><g:mrow><g:mi>S</g:mi></g:mrow><g:mrow><g:mi>v</g:mi></g:mrow></g:msub><g:msub><g:mrow><g:mi>L</g:mi></g:mrow><g:mrow><g:mi>v</g:mi></g:mrow></g:msub><g:msub><g:mrow><g:mi>I</g:mi></g:mrow><g:mrow><g:mi>v</g:mi></g:mrow></g:msub></g:mrow></g:mfenced></g:math> in order to show that the malaria-free equilibrium is asymptotically stable; then, we used a finite Markov chain model to describe the interactions between the different compartments of the model <k:math xmlns:k="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M4"><k:mfenced open="(" close=")"><k:mrow><k:msub><k:mrow><k:mi>S</k:mi></k:mrow><k:mrow><k:mi>e</k:mi></k:mrow></k:msub><k:msub><k:mrow><k:mi>L</k:mi></k:mrow><k:mrow><k:mi>e</k:mi></k:mrow></k:msub><k:msub><k:mrow><k:mi>I</k:mi></k:mrow><k:mrow><k:mi>e</k:mi></k:mrow></k:msub><k:msub><k:mrow><k:mi>R</k:mi></k:mrow><k:mrow><k:mi>e</k:mi></k:mrow></k:msub><k:msub><k:mrow><k:mi>S</k:mi></k:mrow><k:mrow><k:mi>e</k:mi></k:mrow></k:msub><k:mo>‐</k:mo><k:msub><k:mrow><k:mi>S</k:mi></k:mrow><k:mrow><k:mi>a</k:mi></k:mrow></k:msub><k:msub><k:mrow><k:mi>L</k:mi></k:mrow><k:mrow><k:mi>a</k:mi></k:mrow></k:msub><k:msub><k:mrow><k:mi>I</k:mi></k:mrow><k:mrow><k:mi>a</k:mi></k:mrow></k:msub><k:msub><k:mrow><k:mi>R</k:mi></k:mrow><k:mrow><k:mi>a</k:mi></k:mrow></k:msub><k:msub><k:mrow><k:mi>S</k:mi></k:mrow><k:mrow><k:mi>a</k:mi></k:mrow></k:msub><k:mo>‐</k:mo><k:msub><k:mrow><k:mi>S</k:mi></k:mrow><k:mrow><k:mi>v</k:mi></k:mrow></k:msub><k:msub><k:mrow><k:mi>I</k:mi></k:mrow><k:mrow><k:mi>v</k:mi></k:mrow></k:msub></k:mrow></k:mfenced></k:math> . We carried out numerical simulations of our results for two types of transmission zones: a zone with low malaria transmission and an endemic zone. Through these simulations, we first determined the invariant stationary distribution <o:math xmlns:o="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M5"><o:msup><o:mrow><o:mi>π</o:mi></o:mrow><o:mrow><o:mo>∗</o:mo></o:mrow></o:msup></o:math> of the model, and then, we found that the use of the indoor residual spraying (IRS) method by regular application of insecticides is more effective for the elimination of malaria than the use of long-acting impregnated mosquito nets (LLINs).

Abdoul Karim Drabo

Frédéric Bere

S. P. Clovis Nitiema

On a Stochastic Approach to Extensions of the Susceptible-Infected-Susceptible (SIS) Model Applied to Malaria

关于应用于疟疾的易感-感染-易感（SIS）模型扩展的随机方法

A fitted tension spline numerical scheme for a singularly perturbed parabolic problem (SPPP) with time delay is proposed. The presence of a small parameter <a:math xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><a:mi>ε</a:mi></a:math> as a multiple of the diffusion term leads to the suddenly changing behaviors of the solution in the boundary layer region. This results in a challenging duty to solve the problem analytically. Classical numerical methods cause spurious nonphysical oscillations unless an unacceptable number of mesh points is considered, which requires a large computational cost. To overcome this drawback, a numerical method comprising the backward Euler scheme in the time direction and the fitted spline scheme in the space direction on uniform meshes is proposed. To establish the stability and uniform convergence of the proposed method, an extensive amount of analysis is carried out. Three numerical examples are considered to validate the efficiency and applicability of the proposed scheme. It is proved that the proposed scheme is uniformly convergent of order one in both space and time. Further, the boundary layer behaviors of the solutions are given graphically.

Sisay Ketema Tesfaye

Gemechis File Duressa

Tekle Gemechu Dinka

Mesfin Mekuria Woldaregay

Fitted Tension Spline Scheme for a Singularly Perturbed Parabolic Problem With Time Delay

奇异摄动抛物问题带时间延迟的拟合张力样条格式

This paper introduces a novel approach for solving first-order stiff initial value problems through the development of a one-step family of three optimized second-derivative hybrid block methods. The optimization process was integrated into the derivation of the methods to achieve maximal accuracy. Through a rigorous analysis, it was determined that the methods exhibit properties of consistency, zero-stability, convergence, and A-stability. The proposed methods were implemented using the waveform relaxation technique, and the computed results demonstrated the superiority of these schemes over certain existing methods investigated in the study.

Saidu Daudu Yakubu

Precious Sibanda

One-Step Family of Three Optimized Second-Derivative Hybrid Block Methods for Solving First-Order Stiff Problems

一步法族：三种优化的二阶导数混合块方法求解一阶刚性问题

Transmission of COVID-19 occurs either through living media, such as interaction with a sufferer, or nonliving objects contaminated with the virus. Recovering sufferers and disinfectant spraying prevent interaction between people and virus become the treatment to overcome it. In this research, we formulate a new mathematical model as a three-dimensional ordinary differential equation system representing an interaction between viruses attached in nonliving media, susceptible, and infected subpopulations, including the treatment to investigate its effect. Disease-free, sterile-media endemic, and two nonsterile media endemic equilibriums exist in the model. The nonexistence of sterile-media equilibria interpreting the nonendemic condition is achieved by crossing the branch point bifurcation of the equilibria point as the infected subpopulation recovery rate increases. Continuation of the limit cycle generated at a Hopf bifurcation point as susceptible-coronavirus interaction prevention rate and period increase trigger two saddle-node bifurcations and a branch point bifurcation of cycle. Stable symmetric cycles with decreasing amplitude that make the dynamic of subpopulation easier to control start to be gained at the branch point bifurcation of cycle between the two saddle-node bifurcation points as the prevention rate increases. Some chaotic attractors which describe a complex and unpredictable pattern of the dynamic in the population are also found at inclination flip bifurcation by a continuation of a homoclinic orbit generated near the Bogdanov-Takens bifurcation point as the prevention rate increases while the recovery rate decreases. Increasing the recovery and prevention rate along with avoiding an increase of the prevention rate while the recovery rate decreases becomes the treatment to optimize the effort in overcoming COVID-19 transmission.

Ario Wiraya

Laila Fitriana

Triyanto

Yudi Ari Adi

Yuvita Andriani Kusumadewi

Sarah Khoirunnisa

Bifurcation Analysis of the Dynamics in COVID-19 Transmission through Living and Nonliving Media

通过活体和非活体媒介传播的COVID-19动力学分岔分析

Abbreviation	J. Appl. Math.
Journal Impact	1.24
Quartiles(Global)	MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS(Q3)

ISSN	1110-757X, 1687-0042
h-index	56

Publication Information	Publisher: Hindawi Publishing Corporation，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: Yes
Basic data	Year of publication: 2001，Proportion of original research papers: 0.00%，Self Citation Rate:8.30%， Gold OA Rate: 100.00%
Journal Fees	$1080Details
Average review cycle	网友分享经验：平均2.6个月
Average recruitment ratio	网友分享经验：80%

Journal of Applied Mathematics

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