Acta Technologica Agriculturae

In this contribution, we present the description of a B-spline curve. We deal with creation of its basis function as well as with creation of the curve itself from entered control points. Following the literature, we formed an algorithm for B-spline modelling and we used it for the planar and spatial curve. The planar curve is made of chosen points. The spatial curve approximates the trajectory of a real vehicle, which trajectory was obtained by the set of measured points. The modelled curve very exactly describes the polygon created from the linked control points. With the lowering degree of the curve, this one is more clamping to the given polygon and for the extreme case it is transformed to the polygon itself. The advantage of the B-spline curve use is, for example in comparison with a Bézier curve, high adaptability, which is expressed in its parameters - besides entered control points, these are knots generated on the curve and degree of the curve.

Dušan Páleš

Veronika Váliková

Ján Antl

František Tóth

Approximation of Vehicle Trajectory with B-Spline Curve

车辆轨迹的B样条曲线逼近

Abstract Driving a vehicle with a passive trailer has been the subject of numerous studies. Current control strategies are mostly used by differential geometry, linear algebra, fuzzy regulators, and artificial neural networks. The objective of this study is to design an algorithm for autonomous control of the tractor-trailer system reversing based on an algorithm using a PSD controller and to verify it on a simulated mathematical model. All parameters listed in the models and experiments are performed based on the existing tractor-trailer system. Dynamic models of steering and velocity control were identified and incorporated into the simulation. Result includes a stable operation of the steering without oscillating. The proposed algorithm can be implemented in microcontrollers without the need for high computing power.

Vladimír Cviklovič

Rastislav Srnánek

Dušan Hrubý

Marta Harničárová

The Control Reversing Algorithm for Autonomous Vehicles with PSD-Controlled Trailers

自主车辆带PSD控制拖车的控制反转算法

Abstract Coffee pulpers generally use combustion and electric engines in operation, which have many disadvantages such as expensive fuel, pollution, and limited usage in places where electricity is supplied by the government. Therefore, a wet pulper coffee powered by an alternating current electric engine based on solar panels was developed. This study aims to produce and test a solar-powered alternating current electric engine wet pulper for coffee. This research went through several stages which are collecting secondary data, designing the tools to be developed, technical analysis, and performance test. The development of the pulper machine included an electric motor with a power of 1103.64 W, with a maximum machine rotational speed of 1400 rpm, an inverter, a 12 V and 100 A battery, a solar panel, and a 24 A solar charge controller. The performance results showed a stripping capacity of 783.176 kg∙h −1 and the best percentage of stripped coffee pulp at a machine rotational speed of 467 rpm and a mass of 3 kg. The findings show that a pulper powered by a solar-based alternating current electric engine can be a viable solution for areas without electricity and a suitable replacement for combustion engines.

None Iqbal

None Ferialdi

Agil Ricky Paliling

Abdul Azis

None Mursalim

Mahmud Achmad

Abdul Waris

Gemala Hardinasinta

Husnul Mubarak

Febriana Intan Permata Hati

Muhammad Rizal

Development of Power Supply System Solar Base for Coffee Pulper

咖啡脱皮机太阳能供电系统的发展

Abstract A new method has been proposed for detecting the potential adulteration of extra virgin olive oil with processed sunflower oil. This method is based on analysing the laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectra of samples. The technique involves measuring the intensity ratio of three specific fluorescence peaks within the 650–750 nm region of the spectra, which are attributed to chlorophyll derivatives. The samples are excited with a 460 nm blue laser in an offset configuration. The results obtained indicate that the relative intensity ratio of these characteristic chlorophyll peaks is consistently correlated with the percentage of oil adulteration. A parameter named the chlorophyll relative intensity (CRI) number has been introduced, which is based on the relative intensity ratios of the chlorophyll peaks in the LIF spectra of the extra virgin olive oil sample. The CRI function demonstrates a linear relationship with the adulteration percentage up to 80%, with a high regression coefficient ( R 2 ) value of 0.9984. This method can be applied accurately when the original fluorescence spectra of unadulterated extra virgin olive oil are known, and it can provide valuable information about the source of unknown oil samples.

Tihomir Kosor

Ivan Morosavljević

Barbara Nakić-Alfirević

Janko Morosavljević

Dražan Kozak

Róbert Drlička

Determination of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Adulteration Using Laser Induced Fluorometry – Chlorophyll Relative Intensity Method

激光诱导荧光法测定特级初榨橄榄油掺假——叶绿素相对强度法

Abstract As global population growth and decreasing arable land create a demand for increased food production, hydroponic farming is gaining popularity due to its numerous advantages over traditional agriculture. However, high costs and limited accessibility of commercial hydroponic systems remain a challenge for small-scale farmers, especially in developing countries. This research paper presents a novel hydroponic system that leverages the Internet of Things (IoT) technology to enhance small-scale agriculture through the monitoring of crucial parameters such as electrical conductivity (EC), pH levels, temperature, and humidity. The system integrates wireless sensor nodes that send data to a central control unit for real-time monitoring and adjustments. A comparative analysis between a semi-automatic control system and a conventional control system demonstrated that the semi-automatic system resulted in enhanced plant growth, especially in Red Cos lettuce, leading to increased yields. The research emphasises the significant potential of intelligent hydroponic systems in revolutionising conventional farming techniques and providing valuable support to small-scale farmers.

Apinan Aurasopon

Thawatchai Thongleam

Sanya Kuankid

Integration of IoT Technology in Hydroponic Systems for Enhanced Efficiency and Productivity in Small-Scale Farming

小规模农业中水培系统中物联网技术的整合以提高效率和生产力

Abstract Modern sowing machine-tractor units (MTU) can be divided into single-machine (single-module), two-machine (double-module), and three-machine (triple-module). The firsts, consisting of a tractor and a trailed/mounted seeder, are the most studied and, therefore, the most widespread. Two-module MTUs mainly use trailed or semi-mounted hitch and trailed seeders. The units of this type have been studied less. Three-module sowing complexes are even less common. Most are based on a trailed hitch and trailed seeders placed behind the tractor. There are samples of MTU with side-mounted seeding machines, but their knowledge is extremely insufficient. This paper examines a three-module MTU based on a tractor with reverse motion and a front semi-mounted hitch. One of the problems in using this sowing unit is the choice of design parameters that would ensure safe turning when manoeuvring on the headland. Theoretical and experimental studies have established that by increasing the side seeder’s towbar length, MTU’s safe turning under analysis with machines of a larger operating width can be performed with a smaller distance between their inner wheels and tractor’s wheels (parameter d ). If the coincidence condition of side seeders’ wheel axes with the tractor wheels axe is met, an increase in the tractor track from 1.7 to 2.5 m allows for a decrease in the value of the distance d. This solution is especially effective when using seeders with an operating width of 3.6 m. In this case, the indicated decrease reaches a fivefold size, from 0.5 to 0.10 m. With the seeders’ operating width of 5.4 m, the distance d can only be reduced by 1.4 times. But with this option for sowing MTU, it is possible to use a tractor with dual rear tyres and a parameter d value of 0.98 m. Actual oscillations in the distance d value within 0.28 ±0.01 m in the process of turning the studied sowing machine-tractor unit at a velocity of 2.2 m·s −1 are characterized by low variance (0.64·10 −4 m 2 ) and low (no more than 1.75 Hz) frequency. This allows us to consider this MTU’s mode movement on the headland quite safe.

Pavol Findura

Katarína Kollárová

Volodymyr Nadykto

Volodymyr Kyurchev

Ivan Zhokin

Turning Research of а Sowing Unit Based on Reversible Tractor

基于可逆拖拉机的播种装置研究

Abstract Environmental problems and the ever-increasing growth of population dictate the need for new methods to turn the problem into an opportunity. The recycling of agricultural waste is very important to achieve sustainable development of agriculture. Present paper focuses on how the proper disposal and recycling of agricultural waste can significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions, conserve resources, and improve soil fertility. Hereupon, the specified criteria were determined by relevant organisations. Five final products including composting, biochar, biogas, reuse/recycling, and incineration resulting from the technologies used were investigated using the AHP technique. In addition to the effective management of agricultural waste, these technologies help in the production of electricity, fertiliser, and carbon absorption, which results in the reduction of climate change and the reduction of economy. Among the proposed products, biochar was preferred, and the incineration method was ranked the last. Biochar offers potential environmental benefits in terms of reducing greenhouse gas emissions, increasing the quality and quantity of agricultural products, and preventing soil erosion and degradation as well as water pollution. High rank was assigned to environmental criteria, and the actual waste production sub-criterion was preferred over other criteria with a weight of 0.170. The lowest weight was obtained for the shipping distance (weigh = 0.013).

Himan Khodkam

Razieh Pourdarbani

Hadi Ghaebi

Mario Hernandez-Hernandez

Investigating The Environmental Impacts Of Different Approaches Of Agricultural Waste Management Using Ahp Technique

利用AHP技术研究不同农业废弃物管理方法的环境影响

Abbreviation	Acta Technol. Agric.
Journal Impact	1.17
Quartiles(Global)	AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY(Q2)

ISSN	1335-2555, 1338-5267
h-index	16

Publication Information	Publisher: De Gruyter Open Ltd.，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 2015，Proportion of original research papers: 100.00%，Self Citation Rate:38.50%， Gold OA Rate: 100.00%
Average review cycle	网友分享经验：18 Weeks

Acta Technologica Agriculturae

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Approximation of Vehicle Trajectory with B-Spline Curve

The Control Reversing Algorithm for Autonomous Vehicles with PSD-Controlled Trailers

Development of Power Supply System Solar Base for Coffee Pulper

Determination of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Adulteration Using Laser Induced Fluorometry – Chlorophyll Relative Intensity Method

Integration of IoT Technology in Hydroponic Systems for Enhanced Efficiency and Productivity in Small-Scale Farming

Development of Power Supply System Solar Base for Coffee Pulper

Determination of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Adulteration Using Laser Induced Fluorometry – Chlorophyll Relative Intensity Method

Integration of IoT Technology in Hydroponic Systems for Enhanced Efficiency and Productivity in Small-Scale Farming

Turning Research of а Sowing Unit Based on Reversible Tractor

Investigating The Environmental Impacts Of Different Approaches Of Agricultural Waste Management Using Ahp Technique