基因与遗传系统，前身为日本遗传学杂志，由日本遗传学会出版双月刊。

Genes and Genetic Systems is a bimonthly journal published by the Japanese Society of Genetics, formerly known as the Japanese Journal of Genetics, focusing on research in genes and genetic systems.

《Genes and Genetic Systems》是由日本遗传学会出版的双月刊，前身为日本遗传学杂志，专注于基因与遗传系统的研究。

Genes and Genetic Systems

In the fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster, females take the initiative to mate successfully because they decide whether to mate or not. However, little is known about the molecular and neuronal mechanisms regulating sexual receptivity in virgin females. Genetic tools available in Drosophila are useful for identifying molecules and neural circuits involved in the regulation of sexual receptivity. We previously demonstrated that insulin-producing cells (IPCs) in the female brain are critical to the regulation of female sexual receptivity. Ablation and inactivation of IPCs enhance female sexual receptivity, suggesting that neurosecretion from IPCs inhibits female sexual receptivity. IPCs produce and release insulin-like peptides (Ilps) that modulate various biological processes such as metabolism, growth, lifespan and behaviors. Here, we report a novel role of the Ilps in sexual behavior in Drosophila virgin females. Compared with wild-type females, females with knockout mutations of Ilps showed a high mating success rate toward wild-type males, whereas wild-type males courted wild-type and Ilp-knockout females to the same extent. Wild-type receptive females retard their movement during male courtship and this reduced female mobility allows males to copulate. Thus, it was anticipated that knockout mutations of Ilps would reduce general locomotion. However, the locomotor activity in Ilp-knockout females was significantly higher than that in wild-type females. Thus, our findings indicate that the high mating success rate in Ilp-knockout females is caused by their enhanced sexual receptivity, but not by improvement of their sex appeal or by general sluggishness.

Kazuki Watanabe

Takaomi Sakai

Genes & Genetic Systems

Knockout mutations of insulin-like peptide genes enhance sexual receptivity in &lt;i&gt;Drosophila&lt;/i&gt; virgin females

Nucleosomes are complexes of DNA and histone proteins that form the basis of eukaryotic chromatin. Eukaryotic histones are descended from Archaean homologs; however, how this occurred remains unclear. Our previous genetic analysis on the budding yeast nucleosome identified 26 histone residues conserved between S. cerevisiae and T. brucei; 15 that are lethal when mutated and 11 that are synthetically lethal with deletion of the FEN1 nuclease. These residues are partially conserved in nucleosomes of a variety of giant viruses, allowing us to follow the route by which they were established in the LECA (Last Eukaryote Common Ancestor). We analyzed yeast nucleosome genetic data to generate a model for the emergence of the eukaryotic nucleosome. In our model, histone H2B-H2A and H4-H3 doublets found in giant virus nucleosomes facilitated the formation of the acidic patch surface and nucleosome entry sites of the eukaryotic nucleosome, respectively. Splitting of the H2B-H2A doublet resulted in the H2A variant, H2A.Z., and subsequent splitting of the H4-H3 doublet led to a eukaryotic specific domain required for chromatin binding of H2A.Z. We propose that the LECA emerged when the newly-split H3 N-terminal horizontally acquired a common N-tail found in extinct pre-LECA lineages and some extant giant viruses. This hypothesis predicts that the emergence of the H3 variant CENP-A and establishment of CENP-A-dependent chromosome segregation occurred after the emergence of the LECA, implying that the root of all eukaryotes is assigned within Euglenida.

Yu Nakabayashi

Masayuki Seki

A hypothesis of nucleosome evolution considering mutational analysis

考虑突变分析的核小体进化假说

Legends to Figures 4 and 5 (p. 7) should be exchanged. Below are the correct legends to Figure 4 and Figure 5.

Morteza M. Saber

Marziyeh Karimiavargani

Takanori Uzawa

Nilmini Hettiarachchi

Michiaki Hamada

Yoshihiro Ito

Naruya Saitou

Corrigendum: Possible roles for the hominoid-specific DSCR4 gene in human cells [Genes Genet. Syst. (2021) 96, p. 1–11]

Strict control of the expression levels of heterologously introduced protein-coding genes is important for the functional analysis of the protein of interest and its effective use in new situations. For this purpose, various promoters with different expression strengths, codon optimization, and expression stimulation by low molecular weight compounds are commonly used. However, methods to control protein expression levels by combining regulation of translation efficiency have not been studied in detail. We previously observed relatively high basal expression of Cre, when it was heterologously expressed in fission yeast. Here, we used a fission yeast strain that is susceptible to centromere disruption and thus highly sensitive to Cre levels and report successful fine-tuning of heterologous Cre expression by modulating the Cre translation efficiency. To inhibit Cre translation initiation, we generated two mutations in the 5' untranslated region of the Cre mRNAs which both interfered with the scanning process of start codon recognition, mediated by the specialized ribosomal subunits. These mutations successfully reduced the levels of exogenously expressed Cre to different degrees in fission yeast. Combining them with different promoter strengths allowed us to conduct centromere-disruption experiments in fission yeast. Our data indicate that modification of translational control is an additional tool in heterologous gene expression.

Riku Kuse

Kojiro Ishii

Mutations in the 5’ untranslated region fine-tune the translational control of heterologously expressed genes

5’非翻译区突变微调异源表达基因的翻译调控

Glycyrrhiza uralensis and G. glabra, members of the Fabaceae, are medicinally important species that are native to Asia and Europe. Extracts from these plants are widely used as natural sweeteners because of their much greater sweetness than sucrose. In this study, the three complete chloroplast genomes and five 45S nuclear ribosomal (nr)DNA sequences of these two licorice species and an interspecific hybrid are presented. The chloroplast genomes of G. glabra, G. uralensis and G. glabra × G. uralensis were 127,895 bp, 127,716 bp and 127,939 bp, respectively. The three chloroplast genomes harbored 110 annotated genes, including 76 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes and 4 rRNA genes. The 45S nrDNA sequences were either 5,947 or 5,948 bp in length. Glycyrrhiza glabra and G. glabra × G. uralensis showed two types of nrDNA, while G. uralensis contained a single type. The complete 45S nrDNA sequence unit contains 18S rRNA, ITS1, 5.8S rRNA, ITS2 and 26S rRNA. We identified simple sequence repeat and tandem repeat sequences. We also developed four reliable markers for analysis of Glycyrrhiza diversity authentication.

Sang-Ho Kang

Jeong-Hoon Lee

Hyun Oh Lee

Byoung Ohg Ahn

So Youn Won

Seong-Han Sohn

Jung Sun Kim

Complete chloroplast genome and 45S nrDNA sequences of the medicinal plant species &lt;i&gt;Glycyrrhiza&lt;/i&gt; &lt;i&gt;glabra&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Glycyrrhiza uralensis&lt;/i&gt;

β-sitosterol is a natural plant steroidal compound with anti-cancer properties against various tumors. This work attempts to explore the inhibitory effect of β-sitosterol on the progression of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and further analyze its targets.

Qiong Zhao

Yuting Pan

Danjia Zhang

Xiaolian Zhou

Liangyun Sun

Zihan Xu

Yunting Zhang

The active ingredient β-sitosterol in Ganoderma regulates CHRM2-mediated aerobic glycolysis to induce apoptosis of lung adenocarcinoma

灵芝活性成分β-谷甾醇通过调控CHRM2介导的有氧糖酵解诱导肺腺癌凋亡

Here, next-generation RNA sequencing analysis was performed to develop 13 novel expressed sequence tag-simple sequence repeat markers to evaluate the genetic variation in the near-threatened halophyte, Limonium tetragonum (Thunb.) A. A. Bullock. In the four populations, the total number of alleles at each locus ranged from two to seven, with an average of 3.1 and average observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.00 to 0.13 and 0.28 to 0.78, respectively. Three of thirteen loci had the same homo alleles within populations, however, different alleles among different populations. Compared to other halophytes, relatively low genetic diversity was observed in this species. Further studies are necessary to determine the population demography of L. tetragonum and clarify the cause of its low genetic diversity.

Kako Ohbayashi

Naoko Ishikawa

Nonoka Takehara

Takahide Kurosawa

Yoshikuni Hodoki

Development and characterization of expressed sequence tag-simple sequence repeat markers for the near-threatened halophyte, &lt;i&gt;Limonium tetragonum&lt;/i&gt; (Thunb.) A. A. Bullock (&lt;i&gt;Plumbaginaceae&lt;/i&gt;).

濒危盐生植物<i>Limonium tetragonum</i> (Thunb.) A. A. Bullock (<i>Plumbaginaceae</i>)的表达序列标签-简单重复序列标记的开发与表征。

The sequencing of PCR fragments amplified from specific regions of genomes is a fundamental technique in molecular genetics. Sanger sequencing is commonly used for this analysis; however, amplicon sequencing utilizing next-generation sequencing has become widespread. In addition, long-read amplicon sequencing, using Nanopore or PacBio sequencers to analyze long PCR fragments, has emerged, although it is often more expensive than Sanger sequencing. Recently, low-cost commercial services for full-length plasmid DNA sequencing using Nanopore sequencers have been launched in several countries, including Japan. This study explored the potential of these services to sequence long PCR fragments without the need for cloning into plasmid DNA, as cloning long PCR fragments or blunt-end PCR fragments into plasmid DNA is often challenging. PCR fragments of 4-11 kb, amplified from the DFR-B gene involved in the biosynthesis of anthocyanin, with or without Tpn1 transposons in Japanese morning glory (Ipomoea nil), were circularized using T4 DNA ligase and analyzed as templates. Although some inaccuracies in the length of homopolymer stretches were observed, the remaining sequences were obtained without significant errors. This method could potentially reduce the labor and costs associated with cloning, primer synthesis, and sequence assembly, thus making it a viable option for the analysis of long PCR fragment sequences. Moreover, this study reconfirmed that Tpn1 transposons are major mutagens in I. nil and demonstrated their transposition in the Violet line, a long-used standard in plant physiology.

Soya Nakagawa

Atsushi Hoshino

Kyeung-Il Park

Labor- and cost-effective long-read amplicon sequencing using a plasmid analysis service: Application to transposon-inserted alleles in Japanese morning glory

使用质粒分析服务进行高效且经济的扩增子长读长测序：应用于日本牵牛花中的转座子插入等位基因

Abbreviation	Genes Genet. Syst.
Journal Impact	0.90
Quartiles(Global)	GENETICS & HEREDITY(Q4)

ISSN	1341-7568, 1880-5779
h-index	54

Publication Information	Publisher: Genetics Society of Japan，Publishing cycle: Bimonthly，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: Yes
Basic data	Year of publication: 1996，Proportion of original research papers: 85.71%，Self Citation Rate:10.00%， Gold OA Rate: 93.55%
Journal Fees	$Details
Average review cycle	网友分享经验：>12周，或约稿
Average recruitment ratio	网友分享经验：容易

Genes and Genetic Systems

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Knockout mutations of insulin-like peptide genes enhance sexual receptivity in <i>Drosophila</i> virgin females

A hypothesis of nucleosome evolution considering mutational analysis

Corrigendum: Possible roles for the hominoid-specific DSCR4 gene in human cells [Genes Genet. Syst. (2021) 96, p. 1–11]

Mutations in the 5’ untranslated region fine-tune the translational control of heterologously expressed genes

Complete chloroplast genome and 45S nrDNA sequences of the medicinal plant species <i>Glycyrrhiza</i> <i>glabra</i> and <i>Glycyrrhiza uralensis</i>

A hypothesis of nucleosome evolution considering mutational analysis

Mutations in the 5’ untranslated region fine-tune the translational control of heterologously expressed genes

The active ingredient β-sitosterol in Ganoderma regulates CHRM2-mediated aerobic glycolysis to induce apoptosis of lung adenocarcinoma

Development and characterization of expressed sequence tag-simple sequence repeat markers for the near-threatened halophyte, <i>Limonium tetragonum</i> (Thunb.) A. A. Bullock (<i>Plumbaginaceae</i>).

Labor- and cost-effective long-read amplicon sequencing using a plasmid analysis service: Application to transposon-inserted alleles in Japanese morning glory