ORNITHOLOGICAL SCIENCE 发表评论、原创文章、简短的交流和评论，涵盖鸟类学的各个方面。手稿是根据其对原始数据和想法或解释的贡献来判断的。所有文章均由提交论文领域的至少两名研究人员专家进行同行评审。手稿在必要时进行了编辑以澄清和节约。 ORNITHOLOGICAL SCIENCE 的目标是在符合同行评审要求和正常出版限制的情况下尽快出版。

Ornithological Science publishes original research articles, brief communications, and reviews covering all aspects of ornithology. Manuscripts are evaluated based on their contribution to original data, ideas, or interpretations. All submitted articles undergo peer review by at least two experts in the field, and editing is performed when necessary to clarify and streamline the content. The goal of Ornithological Science is to publish research findings as quickly as possible while adhering to peer review requirements and standard publication constraints.

《Ornithological Science》发表原创研究文章、简短交流和评论，涵盖鸟类学的各个方面。手稿的评审依据其对原始数据、观点或解释的贡献。所有提交的文章均由至少两名该领域的专家进行同行评审，并在必要时进行编辑以确保内容的清晰和简洁。《Ornithological Science》的目标是在遵循同行评审要求和正常出版流程的前提下，尽快发布研究成果。

Ornithological Science

Nest-site characteristics may affect the daily survival rate of avian nests. We monitored the nests of Chestnut Thrush Turdus rubrocanus breeding in an agricultural landscape near the Lianhuashan Natural Reserve (central China) during the breeding seasons of 2013 and 2014. We describe the Chestnut Thrush's breeding ecology and used logistic-exposure methods and an information theoretic approach to assess the factors influencing daily survival rates of nests. Results from model averaging indicated that daily survival rates of nests consistently decreased from habitat edge to interior, contradicting the classic edge effect hypothesis describing predation of avian nests. Concealment of nests from below was positively correlated with nest daily survival rates, whereas concealment from the side and from above were not. These results suggest that determining the various effects of vertical and/or horizontal concealment on nest survival rates may help us assess the variation in the ability of local predators to detect nests.

Qingshan Zhao

Yuehua Sun

ORNITHOLOGICAL SCIENCE

Nest-Site Characteristics and Nesting Success of the Chestnut Thrush

栗鸫的巢址特征及筑巢成功率

This study aimed to identify whether Siberian Crane Leucogeranus leucogeranus regularly fly after sunset, and what determines a cranes' decision to continue its migration in darkness. Based on observations in East Siberia (2012–2021), 4–69% of cranes passed over observation points during the night, regardless of the presence of positive environmental factors suitable for cranes, such as wetland-rich areas, and continued in the dark towards areas with inappropriate habitat for their landing. This suggests that their decision to continue migrating after nightfall is induced by internal factors and contributes insights into the phenomenon of nocturnal crane migrations.

Victor G. Degtyarev

Migration of Siberian Crane Leucogeranus leucogeranus in darkness

西伯利亚鹤在黑暗中的迁徙

Many bird species with heterogeneous distribution are at risk of extinction. It is essential to identify and elucidate environmental factors explaining such distribution patterns to develop effective conservation strategies for those species. Yellow Bunting Emberiza sulphurata is an endangered migrant bird species exhibiting heterogeneous breeding distribution in Japan. Here we clarify the spatial distribution and the altitudinal range of the Yellow Bunting breeding range, and detect environmental factors (e.g., climate and topography) influencing their distribution pattern using an extensive dataset from the national breeding birds survey of Japan. The presence of Yellow Bunting during the breeding season (1997–2002) and six environmental factors (temperature, snow depth, elevation, tertiary layer, landslide area and forest edge density) were analyzed using maximum entropy models (MaxEnt). We found that Yellow Buntings were present in a higher proportion of survey grids in northern Honshu (the main island of Japan) than elsewhere in the country, and they mainly occurred in areas below 700 m above sea level. Moreover, the elevation of the occupied grids decreased with latitude. Temperature and snow depth were of greater importance (0.380 and 0.350, respectively) than other factors in explaining the breeding distribution of the Yellow Bunting. Our study highlighted the location of the core areas of the Yellow Bunting's breeding distribution, and demonstrated that lower temperature and deeper snow cover are the critical determinants of those areas. There may be abundant prey and fewer avian competitors, such as resident bird species, in colder regions, and more frequent snow avalanches and water from melting snow may establish the marshy and bushy habitat preferred by Yellow Buntings. These findings are essential for developing effective conservation strategies for the endangered Yellow Bunting. As past mass-trapping may have also influenced the heterogeneous distribution of the Yellow Bunting, this is an important avenue for future research from a different perspective.

Shota Deguchi

Yousuke Ueda

Masumi Hisano

Temperature and Snow Depth Explain the Breeding Distribution Pattern of Yellow Bunting Emberiza sulphurata

温度和积雪深度解释了黄胸鹀（Emberiza sulphurata）的繁殖分布模式

Egg pattern plays a critical role in avian brood parasitism where a brood parasite exploits a host's parental care by laying eggs in host nests relying on the host to rear the parasitic egg(s). It has been demonstrated that many hosts have evolved an ability to recognize and reject parasitic eggs, based on differences in egg patterns, as a defense against brood parasitism, while some parasites have evolved egg mimicry to counter the host defense. Egg pattern is a complex phenotype and its quantitative evaluation has been a focus of much research. In this paper, we propose a novel method for quantifying an egg pattern and assessing the degree of egg pattern mimicry—a measure of the similarity of a parasite egg to host eggs. Our approach is based on image analysis focused on local binary pattern (LBP) and its variant completed local binary pattern (CLBP) that captures the local structure of a pattern in an image. We compare the results obtained by LBP and CLBP with human-eye evaluation, a classical method widely used in previous studies. Both LBP and CLBP can successfully assess the similarity in egg pattern that is positively correlated with human-eye scores with a high accuracy rate. LBP tends to perform better than CLBP at small scales while CLBP performs better for a wide range of larger scales. Our method can be an effective alternative means of assessing the degree of egg pattern mimicry objectively, providing a useful tool for biologists studying avian brood parasitism. Many bird species have specific eggshell patterns (e.g. spots, blotches, lines) and it has been suggested that these patterns are an important functional trait, such as for camouflage against predators. We propose our method as a useful and objective tool for assessing egg patterns.

Huu Ton Le

Doanh Nguyen-Ngoc

Hoang Tung Tran

Anh Tuan Giang

Edourd Amouroux

Antonio-Román Muñoz

Fugo Takasu

Egg Pattern Mimicry in Avian Brood Parasitism Assessed Using Local Image Descriptors and Human-Eyes

利用局部图像描述符和人类视觉评估鸟类巢寄生中的卵纹拟态

Little Tern Sternula albifrons sinensis was been categorized as Endangered Class II by the 2020 Ministry of the Environment's Red List in Japan. For an effective conservation program for the taxon, the unit of conservation needs to be understood. In this study, we investigated genetic and morphological diversity as a clue to clarify the units to be protected. Blood samples were collected from 47 individuals in four different breeding sites in Japan (Tokyo, Chiba, Fukuoka, Okinawa). The nucleotide sequences of the control region of mitochondrial DNA were used to analyze their genetic diversity and structure. Basic morphological features were also compared. Nucleic acid base substitution, deletion, or insertion were identified at 30 sites of the 1029-bp sequence alignment of the control region, leading to identification of 30 different haplotypes. Genetic diversity was high in the four breeding populations, and haplotype frequencies showed no indication that specific genotypes were present at extreme frequencies. This suggests that the population of Little Tern nesting in Japan has been maintained without recent bottleneck events. The haplotype network formed two major haplotype groups from the 30 haplotypes. Haplotypes of one group were abundant in the Tokyo, Chiba, and Fukuoka populations. In contrast, those of the other group were frequent in the Okinawa population. Pairwise haplotype analysis between populations also revealed that the genetic variations at Okinawa differ from those of the remaining three populations. Furthermore, the Okinawa population showed different morphological characteristics compared to the Tokyo/Chiba populations. These results collectively suggest that the population of Little Terns in Japan is divided into at least two different populations.

Masaharu Hayakawa

Mieko Suzuki-Matsubara

Kazumi Matsubara

Satoshi Kanazawa

Takashi Fujii

Wataru Kitamura

Ryoh Alexander Murofushi

Akihiko Moriyama

Population Genetic Structure of Little Tern (Sternula albifrons) in Japan Inferred from Nucleotide Sequence Diversities of the Mitochondrial DNA Control Region

日本小鸻（Sternula albifrons）的群体遗传结构：基于线粒体DNA控制区核苷酸序列多样性的推断

Tetsuo Asai

Shiori Ikushima

Michiyo Sugiyama

Tomoya Morimoto

Akiko Sudo

Toshifumi Minamoto

Application of Dietary Content Analysis Using Dropped Feces to Assess Damage to Fisheries by Great Cormorant

利用粪便分析评估大鸬鹚对渔业的损害

Saúl Bernat-Ponce

Daniel Musitu-Ferrer

Edgar Bernat-Ponce

Anting Behaviour in Wild Strigiformes? A Video-Case in the Little Owl Athene noctua

野生鸮形目动物的筑巢行为？小鸮（Athene noctua）的视频案例

Nao Nagatani

Masaki Shirai

Jumpei Okado

Yasuaki Niizuma

Daily Energy Expenditure of Chick-Rearing Rhinoceros Auklets Cerorhinca monocerata

领燕鸥（Cerorhinca monocerata）育雏期间的每日能量消耗

Naoki Kanasugi

Akira Sawada

Haruka Nakamura

Shun Kumagai

Haruka Ono

Mari Esashi

Shuya Nagai

Ryota Murakami

So Shiraiwa

Tetsuya Iwasaki

Masaoki Takagi

Do Weather Conditions during the Brood Rearing Period Affect the Survival of Owl Chicks on a Subtropical Island?

雏鸟育雏期天气条件是否影响亚热带岛屿上猫头鹰雏鸟的存活？

Peter Flint

First Breeding of the Grey Wagtail Motacilla cinerea on Cyprus

塞浦路斯首次发现灰鹡鸰（Motacilla cinerea）繁殖

Abbreviation	Ornithol. Sci.
Journal Impact	0.50
Quartiles(Global)	ORNITHOLOGY(Q4)

ISSN	1347-0558
h-index	22

Publication Information	Publisher: Ornithological Society of Japan，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 2009，Proportion of original research papers: 96.00%，Self Citation Rate:20.00%， Gold OA Rate: 0.00%
Average review cycle	网友分享经验：>12周，或约稿
Average recruitment ratio	网友分享经验：容易

Ornithological Science

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