International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese自去年12月以來在全球爆發的Covid-19疫情，已經徹底改變了世界的格局和走向。疫情不僅打亂了普通人的生活節奏，也給整個世界帶來了不確定的因素。我們看到，突飛猛進的科學技術沒有改變人類面對突發瘟疫時的脆弱與無助。與此同時，如何看待公共疫情和公共衛生，再次成為人們關注的重點。本期就中國這次面對疫情所引發的種種醫學和生命倫理學議題進行分析與探究。文章作者來自中國內地、香港和台灣，他們從不同的角度，對此次疫情所引發的倫理問題提出自己的意見。DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 42 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.

Ellen Y. ZHANG

前言: Covid-19疫情的倫理反思

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract in English only.In the global fight against the pandemic, in addition to the roles played by politics, economy, science, and other fields, ethical considerations cannot be ignored. Ruiping Fan’s article explains in depth how to incorporate the ethical resources of Confucian civilization into the global anti-epidemic process. It recommends that attention be paid to the natural integration of the Chinese traditional ethical spirit as a cultural phenomenon with the Chinese political system in the fight against the pandemic and to its effectiveness as shown by anti-epidemic practices. With its unique illustration of “essence-energy resonance” to demonstrate the “synchronicity law,” the article is well worth further discussion.DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 9 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.

Lin BIAN

應當重視儒家倫理智慧在全球抗疫中的道德價值——范瑞平先生＜大疫當前: 訴諸儒家文明的倫理資源＞一文讀後

应当重视儒家伦理智慧在全球抗疫中的道德价值——范瑞平先生《大疫当前：诉诸儒家文明的伦理资源》一文读后

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.筆者在這篇文章中主要處理的是在疫情背景下對待無症狀感染的道德困境和道德出路問題。筆者首先介紹了研究這一問題的背景；其次，對於無症狀感染者以及對於無症狀感染者所採取的措施進行了事實性的描述；第三，對於對待無症狀感染者所採取的措施可能帶來的道德困境進行了分析；最後，對於如何走出對待無症狀感染者的道德困境進行了探索。In this article, the author outlines the moral dilemma and moral outlet of treating asymptomatic infected persons against the background of the epidemic. The author first introduces the background of the research on this problem and then provides a factual description of asymptomatic infected persons and the measures taken for the asymptomatic infected persons. Then, the author analyzes the moral dilemmas that may arise from the measures taken to treat asymptomatic infected persons. Finally, the author explores how to resolve the moral dilemma of treating asymptomatic infected persons.DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 18 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.

Yanliang ZHANG

疫情背景下對待無症狀感染者的道德困境與出路探究

疫情背景下对待无症状感染者的道德困境与出路探究

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract in English only.In my response to Prof. Sass, I first elaborate some points on which we agree. For example, I find the five crises of modern civilization discussed by Prof. Sass to be quite real, and I believe that this points to the fragility of modern civilization. I then critique the Enlightenment ideology of progress and argue that we need to prepare for the possibility of a cultural decline. I also agree with Prof. Sass’s emphasis on both the human potential for creativity and the human capacity for self-destruction. This contradicts liberal optimism about human nature and raises questions about our internal and spiritual resources. I support Prof. Sass’s critique of modern society’s obsession with GNP (Gross National Product) and agree that the concept of a GHP (Goss Happiness Product) is a better criterion for a good society. However, I believe that we must overcome even the vestiges of hedonism by affirming the intrinsic value of an objective moral order that transcends human happiness. In the end, in the face of the possibilities of disasters and the collapse of modern civilization, we need to return to our basic communities, such as family, and emphasize the cultivation of virtue.DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 7 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.

Kai Man KWAN

反思現代文明的脆弱——回應薩斯教授

反思现代文明的脆弱——回应萨斯教授

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese我們正生活在一個全球性危機的時代。2020年突如其來的新冠病毒不僅造成了一場全球性公共衛生危機，而且也加劇了全球經濟、政治、社會方方面面的既有危機，以至於短短幾個月內病毒已經蔓延為一場關乎人類社會興衰的巨大危機，影響到世界上的每一個角落、每一個人。此時此刻，我們仍然深處危機之中，既無從確定危機會在什麼時候完結，以什麼方式結束，也無法預知危機將會把我們帶向何方。面對完全不確給定的未來，我們比以從任何時刻都更加需要思考、對話和相互聯結。本期組稿的初衷也正是試圖創造這樣一個對話空間，讓來自不同文化背景，不同學科領域的學者共同探討新冠疫情給人類社會帶來的變化、危險，和機會。DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 8 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.

Jue WANG

前言: 新冠疫情的危機

前言: 新冠疫情的危机

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English. 數位復活是利用數位技術、大資料和人工智慧等技術實現的同一性的再現式行為，數位人是一種特殊的數位記憶形式。從語言維度看，語言再現能夠將逝者的聲音和言語方式再現，但是數位語言存在如無法呈現世界經驗，數位主體的語言與理解呈現出分裂、無法再生意義以及非言語行為的單向交流等問題；從影像維度看，圖像再現能夠將逝者的影像呈現，數位圖像數能夠確保整體性的構建，但是卻無法實現道德責任的建構。面對數位影像，我們無法實現對數位親者和數位他者的道德責任。從復活主體看，復活自我、復活他者和復活親者是數位復活基本的三種形式。復活自我的本質是增強意義上的做法，而復活他者則是懷念意義上的做法；復活親者是悼念意義上的做法。 Digital resurrection refers to a representational act involving digital technology, big data, or artificial intelligence in which the digital agent offers a specific form of digital memory. From the linguistic dimension, although language reproduction can imitate the voice and speech styles of the departed, digital reproduction cannot present a lived experience of them. The digital subject, which exhibits a split between language and understanding, may fail to regenerate a clear meaning or unidirectional communication from the animated image of the departed. In terms of the digital agent, ambivalent relationships exist among the three entities of the departed, the self, and the other. Digital resurrection can offer three forms of meaning: an enhanced meaning from the self, the memorial meaning of the other, and a condoling meaning from the departed. Who is the resurrected agent? Who has the digital memory? Who is ethically responsible for the digital data used to create the digital memory? All of these questions should be addressed and discussed.

慶峰 楊

數字復活——記億哲學的審視

数字复活——记忆哲学的审视

人工智慧 (AI) 對醫學－生命倫理學的影響是當今不可忽視的話題，亦是頗有爭議的話題。自2007年以來，美國IBM的華生醫生(Dr. Watson) 通過認知運算 (Cognitive Computing)，從事疾病 的早期發現、治療方法及新藥研發等工作。近幾年，AI科技得到突飛猛進的發展，其機器學習演算法 (machine learning algorisms) 持續對人類社會帶來前所未有的改變。AI工具如OpenAI公司的ChatGPT、Sora，微軟的“必應”(Bing)，穀歌的“巴德”(Bard) 以及醫療大模型 (PaLM2)。高級自然語言處理模型的出現，掀起 了通過人工智慧聊天機器人收集資訊、回答醫療問題的新浪潮。美國加州大學聖地亞哥分校神經生物學教授泰倫斯．塞諾夫斯基 (Terrence J. Sejnowski) 在一次有關人工智慧未來展望的會議上明確指出，“人工智慧的最新進展似乎是革命性的，但我們才剛剛起步——未來超出了我們有限的想像範圍。”(Sejnowski,“GPT: From Brains to the Talking Dog”)。目前人工智慧在中國的發展亦是與日俱增，其未來的發展問題以及其背後的倫理思考愈來愈受到學者的關注，是否運用AI技術建構的人工智慧系統的問題已經轉向如何運用AI技術建構的人工智慧系統的問題。(撮要取自內文首段)

穎 張

前言：AI科技與生命倫理學

引言：人工智能技术与生命伦理学

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English. 近些年，全球抑鬱症患者顯著增加，傳統線下心理治療面臨可及性、便利性和社會污名化等挑戰，已成為全球公共術生領域的關注焦點。在此背景下，人工智慧(AI)聊天機器人的快速發展為其提供了新的解決方案，但AI聊天機器人仍面臨患者隱私信息保護、算法偏見、人機過度依賴及責任歸屬等倫理問題。因此，本文借用道家哲學思想對AI醫學倫理進行反思，並引用心理健康、人工智慧和機器學習等多領域知識。通過探討AI聊天機器人治療抑鬱症可能出現的人機過度依賴和責任歸屬的倫理問題，以期AI技術發展的同時，亦能維護人的自由與本真狀態，實現技術創新與人文闋懷的和諧統一。 The current rapid increase in the number of people suffering from depression globally has presented traditional offline psychotherapies with various challenges, such as regarding accessibility, convenience of treatment, and social stigma, which have become focal areas in the global public health domain. In this context, the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots has provided new solutions. However, AI chatbots still face ethical issues regarding patient privacy information protection, algorithmic bias, human–machine overdependence, and responsibility attribution. Therefore, this paper draws on the philosophical ideas of Daoism to reflect on the ethics of AI medicine and references the knowledge of multiple fields such as mental health, AI, and machine learning. We explore the ethical issues of human–machine overdependence and responsibility attribution that may arise in the use of AI chatbots to treat depression. The goal should be to ensure that human freedom and authenticity are protected alongside the development of AI technology, thus achieving harmony between technological innovation and humanistic care.

禹平 何

人工智慧助力抑鬱症治療：道家視角

人工智能助力抑郁症治疗：道家视角

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English. 隨著21世紀以來的科技發展進步，人類正在進入一個“人機物”三元融合的萬物智能互聯時代。人工智慧（AI）和大數據已經對人們對醫患關係的傳統認知提出挑戰。在生命倫理學領域，如何闡釋醫患關係問題已不是簡單的概念討論和爭辯，而關乎到AI時代醫生職業精神的塑造、醫學發展向善的價值導向與實錢，以及醫學人文精神與和諧社會的追求。國内學者一直對醫患關係性質問題爭論不休，美國倫理學家雅克．蒂洛等人也概括出醫患倫理關係的三個形式。然而，這些討論和形式都存在某種程度的不足。儒家和女性主義關懷倫理學都屬於“關懷”倫理，基於這兩種理論資源，醫患關係可以理解為一種關懷關係，並可以通過關係自主性和生命共同體理念進行構建。 The rapid progress of science and technology in the 21st century has ushered humanity into an era characterized by the intelligent interconnectedness of all entities through the tripartite integration of humans, machines, and objects. The emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) and big data has posed challenges to conventional perceptions of physician–patient relationships. Within bioethics discourse, interpreting such relationships is now more important than mere conceptual deliberation, as it can help to shape the professionalism of physicians in an AI-driven age. In addition, such interpretation can align medical development with ethical values aimed at fostering a humanistic spirit within healthcare practices to help build a harmonious society. Domestic scholars have been engaged in debates concerning this issue, and the American ethicist Jacques Paul Thiroux and others have proposed three models for the ethical interactions between physicians and patients. However, these discussions exhibit some limitations. Confucian ethics alongside the feminist ethics of care can contribute to what can be termed “care” ethics. Leveraging these theoretical foundations allows us to perceive physician–patient relations as inherently caring and as able to be cultivated through notions such as relational autonomy within communal living.

巍 肖

然 高

珊 陳

人工智慧時代醫患關係的“關懷”倫理構建

人工智能时代医患关系的“关怀”伦理构建

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English. 當前醫用護理機器人的倫理設計存在現實局限，而“仁術”概念則能為突破這些局限提供新的思路。在“仁術”概念中，“仁”是“仁術”得以存在的根源，並決定了“術”作為“仁術”的價值指向，而在現實實踐中不斷擴充的“仁”也意味著“仁術”最終會成為更高層面的“仁政”。“仁術”概念對醫用護理機器人倫理設計的啟示是：倫理設計的目標應當以價值為優先，在關注醫護工作者具體專業實錢的同時，也應兼顧面向社會成員的公共衛生事業。 The ethical design of healthcare robots has practical limitations in current design practice, but these can be addressed by the concept of “benevolence.” The value orientation of “art” can be regarded as benevolence, as the meaning of the concept is constantly expanding in practice. Benevolence can eventually attain the higher level of “benevolent government.” The concept of benevolence can inform the ethical design of healthcare robots. Ethical design should take value as the priority, take into account the specific professional practices of medical personnel, and consider the health of the general public.

短名
Journal Impact	0.12
国际分区	HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE(Q4)
期刊索引	中科院 4 区

ISSN	1386-6354
国内分区	哲学(4区)哲学科学史与科学哲学(4区)

涉及主题	政治学法学哲学社会学计算机科学认识论医学生物心理学历史地理考古遗传学艺术神学
出版信息	出版商: ，出版周期: ，期刊类型: journal，开源期刊: 否
基本数据	创刊年份: ，原创研究文献占比: 91.30%，自引率:0.00%， Gold OA占比: 4.00%

International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine

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