Sains Tanah

El Nino, which hit Indonesia in 2023, poses severe food security threats due to the high dry season with no rainfall and minimal cloud cover and can trigger serious drought problems if it happen for a long time. This study aimed to explore the impact on agricultural land in Bondowoso Regency during El Nino events. The analysis in this study primarily uses land surface temperature (LST) and normalized difference vegetative index (NDVI) map distribution. The Landsat data from USGS are collected and processed to become LST and NDVI distribution maps. Data analysis focused on the agricultural area layers based on data from the Indonesia geospatial portal. Referring to the LST and NDVI map distribution, the notable rise of LST starts in August 2023, and the peak is in October 2023. Around 46% of areas in the Bondowoso regency are detected as hotspot areas, which had LST above 30&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C in October 2023. El Nino affects the irrigated lands and rain-fed fields more than the plantations. The NDVI alteration data does not show that the Bondowoso Regency is experiencing extraordinary drought due to the short-term impact of El Nino. However, the emergence of numerous areas in the moderate NDVI category warns that stress affecting vegetation is starting to occur. Mitigation plans should be prepared for the long-term impact of El Nino, particularly in the hotspot areas. This study could be a comprehension tool for the government and farmers to prepare mitigation plans.

Hasbi Mubarak Suud

Dwi Erwin Kusbianto

Sains Tanah - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology

Exploring El Nino effects on agricultural area using Landsat images analysis: A case study in Bondowoso Regency, Indonesia

利用Landsat影像分析探索厄尔尼诺对农业区的影响：以印度尼西亚邦多沃索县为例

&lt;p&gt;Rice contributes significantly to methane emissions. In the north coastal region of Central Java Island, flooding irrigation for high-yielding rice cultivation is used throughout the rice-producing season to reduce the salinity effect. Information on methane emissions in coastal rice fields, particularly in salt-affected soil, is still limited. This study aimed to measure the methane emissions from different high-yielding rice varieties and examine the association with agronomic performance. The study site was in the Wedung district of Demak Regency, Central Java, and the research was carried out from November 2022 to March 2023. Eight rice cultivars—&lt;em&gt;Ciherang, Inpari 32, Inpari 34, Inpari 35, Biosalin 1, Biosalin 2, Inpari Unsoed 79, and Inpari 30&lt;/em&gt;—were investigated. The experiment was designed as a randomized block with four replications. Methane gas samples were collected during the growing season in relation to rice stages. There were substantial differences in methane emissions among the eight rice varieties. Inpari 32, Ciherang, and Biosalin 1 had higher rice yields and lower yield-scale methane emissions than the other five rice varieties. Grain production and effective tiller number were significantly (p&amp;lt;0.01) and inversely linked to methane emissions. We found Inpari 32, Ciherang, and Biosalin 1 to be low-methane and high-yielding rice cultivars in salt-affected soil. These findings suggest that the use of these rice varieties by coastal farmers could help mitigate greenhouse gas emissions.&lt;/p&gt;

Rina Kartikawati

Budiastuti Kurniasih

Eka Tarwaca Susila Putra

Eko Hanudin

Noppol Arunrat

Seasonal methane emissions and agronomic performance of Indonesia’s high-yielding rice cultivars on the north coastal rice fields of Central Java, Indonesia

印度尼西亚中爪哇北部沿海稻田高产水稻品种的季节性甲烷排放与农艺表现

&lt;p&gt;Globally, biochar research and its application for soil improvement have attracted the interest of many researchers, primarily environmental and soil scientists, in the last decade. But, a limited number of biochar research studies have been conducted in Bangladesh. Therefore, a comprehensive study on biochar research is necessary to find out the scope and opportunities of biochar application in the soils of Bangladesh. Generally, biochar can improve the physical, chemical, and biological properties of soils. It also has a significant role in greenhouse gas emissions. The contaminated soils can also be remediated through the judicious application of biochar. In Bangladesh, biochar application enhanced soil pH, organic matter, phosphorus availability, and agricultural production while decreasing soil acidification, microbial activity, and heavy metals mobility. Besides that, there were both positive and negative findings regarding nitrogen availability, greenhouse gas emissions, and heavy metal accumulation. However, this review includes the selection of feedstock, the advancement of pyrolysis technology, the characterization of biochar, and the agronomic and environmental benefits of biochar use. This paper also reviews biochar study and application activities in Bangladesh over the last decade. Further research directions have been suggested to ensure the beneficial and safe application of biochar to agricultural property. &lt;/p&gt;

M. Abdulaha-Al Baquy

M. Abdullah Al Mamun

Shamim Mia

Md. Mahedy Alam

M. Shahadat Hossain Khan

Shah Moinur Rahman

Biochar research advancement in Bangladesh: challenges and opportunities of biochar in improving soil health

孟加拉国生物炭研究进展：改善土壤健康的挑战与机遇

&lt;p&gt;Maize is the second staple food and a major cereal crop in Pakistan, but its actual yield is 25-30% less than the potential because of high soil bulk densities. Three exotic maize varieties (Baber, Pioneer-30P45, and Syngenta-6621) were evaluated under the three different soil bulk densities of 1.00 - 1.30, 1.30 - 1.60, and 1.60- 1.90 g.cm&lt;sup&gt;-3&lt;/sup&gt;. Nine treatments were replicated three times, making 27 pots experiments under complete randomized design were tested. Results showed that bulk density significantly (α &amp;lt; 0.05) affected all the parameters of the crops except the number of days to emergence. The fewest number of days to emergence (8.4), tasseling (60.9), silking (66.9), maturity (91.9), leaves per plant (6.3), as well as the lowest shoot thickness (0.49 cm) were obtained under the 1.00 - 1.30 g.cm&lt;sup&gt;-3&lt;/sup&gt; density. This density also produced the tallest plants (174.7 cm), highest stover (5938.7 kg ha&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;), grain yields (1551 kg ha&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;), and harvest index (21.9 %). Conversely, most days to emergence, tasseling, silking, and maturity occurred at the bulk density of 1.60 - 1.90 g.cm&lt;sup&gt;-3&lt;/sup&gt;, which also produced the shortest plants and the lowest grain stover and grain yields as well as the harvest index. It was concluded that increasing bulk density levels increase the number of days to tasseling, silking, maturity, and leaves per plant and shoot thickness. Syngenta 6621 was found late in maturity among the hybrids but produced superior stover and grain yields.&lt;/p&gt;

Mansoor Khan Khattak

Muhammad Hanif

Sulatn Akbar Jaddon

Inam Ul Haq

Rafi Uddin

Phenological and yield components response of major exotic maize varieties to different levels of soil bulk densities

外来玉米品种对不同土壤容重水平下的物候期和产量组分的响应

&lt;p&gt;Land suitability assessment is essential for the efficient use of diminishing fertile agricultural land. Assessment parameters include soil texture, pH, the sum of basic cations, base saturation, cation exchange capacity, organic carbon, soil depth, slope, and mean annual temperature and precipitation data. Results showed that 76.28% and 23.26% of the total area were optimally and moderately suitable for coffee growth, respectively; 9.6% and 90% were optimally and moderately suitable for cocoa growth, respectively; 1.98%, 78.74%, and 19.26% were optimally, moderately, and marginally suitable for clove growth, respectively; and 6.68%, 86.89%, and 6.41% was optimally, moderately, and marginally suitable for pepper growth, respectively. The final land suitability index (LSI) was strongly influenced by the threshold values used by the researcher and the quality of the land indicator itself. Plant threshold values differed due to variations in plant recruitment. The main limiting factors were mean annual temperature &amp;lt;26°C, acidic soil pH, and low CEC. This study showed that the fuzzy method is ideal for converting the numerical data of various magnitudes into membership function values and representing land suitability. The principal component analysis is an effective method to determine the weights of multiple factors in a systematic and objective manner. The linearity test found a correlation between LSI and production with f = 0.00, indicating that the applied model can predict agricultural production and is applicable to other agricultural land management.&lt;/p&gt;

Nurfadila Jamaluddin Sappe

Sumbangan Baja

Risma Neswati

Didi Rukmana

Land suitability assessment for agricultural crops in Enrekang, Indonesia: combination of principal component analysis and fuzzy methods

印度尼西亚恩雷康农业作物土地适宜性评估：主成分分析与模糊方法的结合

&lt;p&gt;Nitrogen is one of the primary nutrients required for growing rice. Still, the efficiency of urea fertilizer application is very low (20-40%) due to the nitrogen loss process, one of which is denitrification. This study aims to determine the effects of combining Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC), plant spacing, and fertilization on nitrogen dynamics in paddy fields. The combination of treatments are expected to reduce the nitrogen loss in paddy fields, and plants can absorb it efficiently. A total of six treatments included Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) (2 levels: without MFC and with MFC), plant spacing (2 levels: conventional spacing 25 cm × 25 cm and &lt;em&gt;jajar legowo&lt;/em&gt; spacing 25 cm × 12.5 cm × 50 cm), and fertilization (2 levels: without fertilizer and with 500 kg ha&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; of NPK fertilizer), with three replications for each combination. The observed parameters included total soil nitrogen, nitrate, nitrogen uptake, chlorophyll, nitrogen-fixing and denitrifying bacteria, and N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O gas emissions. The results showed that combining MFC, conventional spacing, and NPK fertilizer in the paddy fields resulted in a high total soil nitrogen (0.44%). The results showed different effects on total soil nitrogen in the MFC and fertilization treatments, leading to increased nitrate levels, nutrient uptake, and chlorophyll. Increasing total soil nitrogen significantly contributes to leaf development and significantly aids photosynthesis. The integration of MFC and fertilization observed in this study resulted in a real impact on nitrogen dynamics in paddy fields. This combined treatment effectively reduces total nitrogen loss due to denitrification in paddy fields, thereby increasing the efficiency of uptake by plants.&lt;/p&gt;

Syahrul Efendi

Komariah Komariah

Jauhari Syamsiyah

Widyatmani Sih Dewi

Ken Hiramatsu

Adhia Azhar Fauzan

Effect of Microbial Fuel Cell, fertilizer, and plant spacing on nitrogen dynamics in paddy soil

微生物燃料电池、肥料和植物间距对水稻土氮素动态的影响

The Rainfall erosivity has a relatively high effect on soil erosion, in addition to being very difficult to predict and control. The Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model are commonly used to predict erosion yield in Indonesia. However, these models have several erosivity formulations that give different results. In this sense, identifying the sensitivity of different erosivity formulations in both models above is important. The aim of this study is to analyze soil erosion yield prediction influenced by the difference in erosivity equation on the same rainfall data used in the models while other parameters used are the same. The monthly rainfall and annual rainfall data were tested using the erosivity formulas. The (1) Bols and (2) Utomo equations were tested using monthly rainfall data, while the (3) Bols and (4) Hurni equations were tested using annual rainfall data. The results show that the prediction of soil erosion yields estimates using monthly rainfall data in both models have no significant differences. On the other hand, soil erosion estimates using annual rainfall data in the models have significant differences, whereas the USLE model estimation results in 63% erosion yield on low classification (0-15 ton ha&lt;sup&gt;-1 &lt;/sup&gt;year&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;). Meanwhile, the RUSLE model estimates only 59% erosion yield on low classifications. Another result is that the USLE model estimates lower erosion yield than the RUSLE model when the models use annual rainfall data, which may give significantly different recommendations for soil conservation in Indonesia, especially in reducing erosion yield at the Watershed level.

Idah Andriyani

Indarto Indarto

Siswoyo Soekarno

Masdharul Putra Pradana

Analysis of rainfall erosivity factor (R) on prediction of erosion yield using USLE and RUSLE Model’s; A case study in Mayang Watershed, Jember Regency, Indonesia

使用USLE和RUSLE模型预测侵蚀产量的降雨侵蚀力因子（R）分析：以印度尼西亚占碑省马扬流域为例

&lt;p&gt;Fertilization is crucial in maize cultivation, and inorganic fertilizers can be expensive. Therefore, it is essential to provide alternative fertilizers to reduce dependence on inorganic fertilizers. This study investigated the role of organic liquid fertilizer &lt;em&gt;C. glomerata&lt;/em&gt; (OLFC) in increasing the efficiency of NPK Phonska fertilizer, influencing soil chemical reactions, and enhancing the growth and yield of maize on alluvial soils. The materials used were hybrid maize of the Pioneer 32, OLFC, and NPK Phonska (15-15-15). The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) in factorial. The OLFC was applied at 0 mL L&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;, 5 mL L&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;, and 10 mL L&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;; NPK Phonska Fertilizer at 0, 150, and 300 kg ha&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; in three replications. The data obtained were statistically analyzed using ANOVA at 5%. Level of significance and mean separation using the LSD at 5% probability. The following parameters were evaluated: soil chemical properties and agronomic factors, such as the height of crop, net assimilation rate, relative growth rate, weight of 100 seeds, yield, and agronomic efficiency (AE). The highest maize yield recorded was 4.83 tons per hectare, achieved by applying 150 NPK Phonska kg per hectare, supported by a fertilization efficiency of 11.28%. Adding 5 mL per liter of OLFC every two weeks to maize plants resulted in the highest AE, reaching 21.81%.&lt;/p&gt;

Jamilah Jamilah

Aguswanto Aguswanto

Ediwirman Ediwirman

Sunadi Sunadi

Prima Novia

The application of organic liquid fertilizer C. glomerata and NPK Phonska to enhance agronomic efficiency in maize cultivation on Alluvial soil

有机液体肥料C. glomerata和NPK Phonska在冲积土玉米栽培中提高农艺效率的应用

Abbreviation
Journal Impact	0.43
Quartiles(Global)	SOIL SCIENCE(Q4)

Publication Information	Publisher: Sebelas Maret University - Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: Yes
Basic data	Year of publication: 2019，Proportion of original research papers: 0.00%，Self Citation Rate:0.00%， Gold OA Rate: 94.52%
Journal Fees	$100Details
Average review cycle	网友分享经验：8 Weeks

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Share Submission Experience

Exploring El Nino effects on agricultural area using Landsat images analysis: A case study in Bondowoso Regency, Indonesia

Seasonal methane emissions and agronomic performance of Indonesia’s high-yielding rice cultivars on the north coastal rice fields of Central Java, Indonesia

Biochar research advancement in Bangladesh: challenges and opportunities of biochar in improving soil health

Phenological and yield components response of major exotic maize varieties to different levels of soil bulk densities

Land suitability assessment for agricultural crops in Enrekang, Indonesia: combination of principal component analysis and fuzzy methods

Seasonal methane emissions and agronomic performance of Indonesia’s high-yielding rice cultivars on the north coastal rice fields of Central Java, Indonesia

Exploring El Nino effects on agricultural area using Landsat images analysis: A case study in Bondowoso Regency, Indonesia

Effect of Microbial Fuel Cell, fertilizer, and plant spacing on nitrogen dynamics in paddy soil

Analysis of rainfall erosivity factor (R) on prediction of erosion yield using USLE and RUSLE Model’s; A case study in Mayang Watershed, Jember Regency, Indonesia

The application of organic liquid fertilizer C. glomerata and NPK Phonska to enhance agronomic efficiency in maize cultivation on Alluvial soil

ISSN	1412-3606, 2356-1424
h-index	7