《疟疾杂志》面向对广义上的疟疾感兴趣的科学界。它是唯一发表专门关于疟疾的文章的期刊，因此，它旨在汇集来自这一非常广泛学科的不同专业的知识，从长凳到床边再到现场。

Malaria Journal is a scientific journal dedicated to malaria research, aimed at providing a platform for researchers interested in malaria. As the only journal that exclusively publishes articles on malaria, it brings together diverse expertise from this broad field, covering aspects from bench research to bedside applications and field practices.

《Malaria Journal》是一本专注于疟疾研究的科学期刊，旨在为对疟疾感兴趣的研究者提供一个交流平台。作为唯一专门发表关于疟疾的文章的期刊，它汇集了来自这一广泛领域的不同专业知识，涵盖从基础研究到临床应用，再到现场实践的各个方面。

Malaria Journal

The unmet demand for effective malaria transmission-blocking agents targeting the transmissible stages of Plasmodium necessitates intensive discovery efforts. In this study, a bioactive bisbenzylisoquinoline (BBIQ), isoliensinine, from Cissampelos pariera (Menispermaceae) rhizomes was identified and characterized for its anti-malarial activity.Malaria SYBR Green I fluorescence assay was performed to evaluate the in vitro antimalarial activity against D6, Dd2, and F32-ART5 clones, and immediate ex vivo (IEV) susceptibility for 10 freshly collected P. falciparum isolates. To determine the speed- and stage-of-action of isoliensinine, an IC50 speed assay and morphological analyses were performed using synchronized Dd2 asexuals. Gametocytocidal activity against two culture-adapted gametocyte-producing clinical isolates was determined using microscopy readouts, with possible molecular targets and their binding affinities deduced in silico.Isoliensinine displayed a potent in vitro gametocytocidal activity at mean IC50gam values ranging between 0.41 and 0.69 µM for Plasmodium falciparum clinical isolates. The BBIQ compound also inhibited asexual replication at mean IC50Asexual of 2.17 µM, 2.22 µM, and 2.39 µM for D6, Dd2 and F32-ART5 respectively, targeting the late-trophozoite to schizont transition. Further characterization demonstrated a considerable immediate ex vivo potency against human clinical isolates at a geometric mean IC50IEV = 1.433 µM (95% CI 0.917-2.242). In silico analyses postulated a probable anti-malarial mechanism of action by high binding affinities for four mitotic division protein kinases; Pfnek1, Pfmap2, Pfclk1, and Pfclk4. Additionally, isoliensinine was predicted to possess an optimal pharmacokinetics profile and drug-likeness properties.These findings highlight considerable grounds for further exploration of isoliensinine as an amenable scaffold for malaria transmission-blocking chemistry and target validation.

Jackson M. Muema

James M. Mutunga

Meshack A. Obonyo

Merid N. Getahun

Ramadhan S. Mwakubambanya

Hoseah M. Akala

Agnes C. Cheruiyot

Redemptah A. Yeda

Dennis W. Juma

Ben Andagalu

Jaree L. Johnson

Amanda L. Roth

Joel L. Bargul

Isoliensinine from Cissampelos pariera rhizomes exhibits potential gametocytocidal and anti-malarial activities against Plasmodium falciparum clinical isolates

Abstract Background Malaria risk is not uniform across relatively small geographic areas, such as within a village. This heterogeneity in risk is associated with factors including demographic characteristics, individual behaviours, home construction, and environmental conditions, the importance of which varies by setting, making prediction difficult. This study attempted to compare the ability of statistical models to predict malaria risk at the household level using either (i) free easily-obtained remotely-sensed data or (ii) results from a resource-intensive household survey. Methods The results of a household malaria survey conducted in 3 villages in western Uganda were combined with remotely-sensed environmental data to develop predictive models of two outcomes of interest (1) a positive ultrasensitive rapid diagnostic test (uRDT) and (2) inpatient admission for malaria within the last year. Generalized additive models were fit to each result using factors from the remotely-sensed data, the household survey, or a combination of both. Using a cross-validation approach, each model’s ability to predict malaria risk for out-of-sample households (OOS) and villages (OOV) was evaluated. Results Models fit using only environmental variables provided a better fit and higher OOS predictive power for uRDT result (AIC = 362, AUC = 0.736) and inpatient admission (AIC = 623, AUC = 0.672) compared to models using household variables (uRDT AIC = 376, Admission AIC = 644, uRDT AUC = 0.667, Admission AUC = 0.653). Combining the datasets did not result in a better fit or higher OOS predictive power for uRDT results (AIC = 367, AUC = 0.671), but did for inpatient admission (AIC = 615, AUC = 0.683). Household factors performed best when predicting OOV uRDT results (AUC = 0.596) and inpatient admission (AUC = 0.553), but not much better than a random classifier. Conclusions These results suggest that residual malaria risk is driven more by the external environment than home construction within the study area, possibly due to transmission regularly occurring outside of the home. Additionally, they suggest that when predicting malaria risk the benefit may not outweigh the high costs of attaining detailed information on household predictors. Instead, using remotely-sensed data provides an equally effective, cost-efficient alternative.

Brandon D. Hollingsworth

Hilary Sandborn

Emmanuel Baguma

Emmanuel Ayebare

Moses Ntaro

Edgar M. Mulogo

Ross M. Boyce

Comparing field-collected versus remotely-sensed variables to model malaria risk in the highlands of western Uganda

Much of the extensive research regarding transmission of malaria is underpinned by mathematical modelling. Compartmental models, which focus on interactions and transitions between population strata, have been a mainstay of such modelling for more than a century. However, modellers are increasingly adopting agent-based approaches, which model hosts, vectors and/or their interactions on an individual level. One reason for the increasing popularity of such models is their potential to provide enhanced realism by allowing system-level behaviours to emerge as a consequence of accumulated individual-level interactions, as occurs in real populations. A systematic review of 90 articles published between 1998 and May 2018 was performed, characterizing agent-based models (ABMs) relevant to malaria transmission. The review provides an overview of approaches used to date, determines the advantages of these approaches, and proposes ideas for progressing the field. The rationale for ABM use over other modelling approaches centres around three points: the need to accurately represent increased stochasticity in low-transmission settings; the benefits of high-resolution spatial simulations; and heterogeneities in drug and vaccine efficacies due to individual patient characteristics. The success of these approaches provides avenues for further exploration of agent-based techniques for modelling malaria transmission. Potential extensions include varying elimination strategies across spatial landscapes, extending the size of spatial models, incorporating human movement dynamics, and developing increasingly comprehensive parameter estimation and optimization techniques. Collectively, the literature covers an extensive array of topics, including the full spectrum of transmission and intervention regimes. Bringing these elements together under a common framework may enhance knowledge of, and guide policies towards, malaria elimination. However, because of the diversity of available models, endorsing a standardized approach to ABM implementation may not be possible. Instead it is recommended that model frameworks be contextually appropriate and sufficiently described. One key recommendation is to develop enhanced parameter estimation and optimization techniques. Extensions of current techniques will provide the robust results required to enhance current elimination efforts.

Neal R. Smith

James M. Trauer

Manoj Gambhir

Jack S. Richards

Richard J. Maude

Jonathan M. Keith

Jennifer A. Flegg

Agent-based models of malaria transmission: a systematic review

基于代理的疟疾传播模型：系统综述

Abstract Background Several countries in Southeast Asia are nearing malaria elimination, yet eradication remains elusive. This is largely due to the challenge of focusing elimination efforts, an area where risk prediction can play an essential supporting role. Despite its importance, there is no standard numerical method to quantify the risk of malaria infection. Thus, there is a need for a consolidated view of existing definitions of risk and factors considered in assessing risk to analyse the merits of risk prediction models. This systematic review examines studies of the risk of malaria in Southeast Asia with regard to their suitability in addressing the challenges of malaria elimination in low transmission areas. Methods A search of four electronic databases over 2010–2020 retrieved 1297 articles, of which 25 met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. In each study, examined factors included the definition of the risk and indicators of malaria transmission used, the environmental and climatic factors associated with the risk, the statistical models used, the spatial and temporal granularity, and how the relationship between environment, climate, and risk is quantified. Results This review found variation in the definition of risk used, as well as the environmental and climatic factors in the reviewed articles. GLM was widely adopted as the analysis technique relating environmental and climatic factors to malaria risk. Most of the studies were carried out in either a cross-sectional design or case–control studies, and most utilized the odds ratio to report the relationship between exposure to risk and malaria prevalence. Conclusions Adopting a standardized definition of malaria risk would help in comparing and sharing results, as would a clear description of the definition and method of collection of the environmental and climatic variables used. Further issues that need to be more fully addressed include detection of asymptomatic cases and considerations of human mobility. Many of the findings of this study are applicable to other low-transmission settings and could serve as a guideline for further studies of malaria in other regions.

Chaitawat Sa-Ngamuang

Saranath Lawpoolsri

Myat Su Yin

Thomas Barkowsky

Liwang Cui

Jetsumon Prachumsri

Peter Haddawy

Assessment of malaria risk in Southeast Asia: a systematic review

评估东南亚疟疾风险：一项系统综述

Predicting the risk of malaria in countries certified malaria-free is crucial for the prevention of re-introduction. This review aimed to identify and describe existing prediction models for malaria re-introduction risk in eliminated settings.A systematic literature search following the PRISMA guidelines was carried out. Studies that developed or validated a malaria risk prediction model in eliminated settings were included. At least two authors independently extracted data using a pre-defined checklist developed by experts in the field. The risk of bias was assessed using both the prediction model risk of bias assessment tool (PROBAST) and the adapted Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (aNOS).A total 10,075 references were screened and 10 articles describing 11 malaria re-introduction risk prediction models in 6 countries certified malaria free. Three-fifths of the included prediction models were developed for the European region. Identified parameters predicting malaria re-introduction risk included environmental and meteorological, vectorial, population migration, and surveillance and response related factors. Substantial heterogeneity in predictors was observed among the models. All studies were rated at a high risk of bias by PROBAST, mostly because of a lack of internal and external validation of the models. Some studies were rated at a low risk of bias by the aNOS scale.Malaria re-introduction risk remains substantial in many countries that have eliminated malaria. Multiple factors were identified which could predict malaria risk in eliminated settings. Although the population movement is well acknowledged as a risk factor associated with the malaria re-introduction risk in eliminated settings, it is not frequently incorporated in the risk prediction models. This review indicated that the proposed models were generally poorly validated. Therefore, future emphasis should be first placed on the validation of existing models.

Guangyu Lu

Dongying Zhang

Juan Chen

Yuanyuan Cao

Liying Chai

Kaixuan Liu

Zeying Chong

Yuying Zhang

Yan Lu

Anna-Katharina Heuschen

Olaf Müller

Guoding Zhu

Jun Cao

Malar J

Predicting the risk of malaria re-introduction in countries certified malaria-free: a systematic review

预测已获得疟疾消除认证国家疟疾再引入风险：一项系统综述

Geoffrey Kongo Githinji

Fredrick Ouma Odhiambo

Clara Muyaku Andala

Daniel Chepkwony

James Kibet Sang

Maurice Owiny

Japhet Ruto

Elvis Omondi Oyugi

Fredrick Odhiambo

Role of surveillance data in detecting malaria outbreaks in an epidemic-prone region in Kenya: findings from an investigation of a suspected outbreak in Nandi County

肯尼亚易流行地区监测数据在检测疟疾暴发中的作用：对南迪县疑似暴发调查的发现

Issa H. Mshani

Frank M. Jackson

Elihaika G. Minja

Said Abbasi

Nasoro S. Lilolime

Faraja E. Makala

Alfred B. Lazaro

Idrisa S. Mchola

Linda N. Mukabana

Najat F. Kahamba

Alex J. Limwagu

Rukia M. Njalambaha

Halfan S. Ngowo

Donal Bisanzio

Francesco Baldini

Simon A. Babayan

Fredros Okumu

Comparison of fine-scale malaria strata derived from population survey data collected using RDTs, microscopy and qPCR in South-Eastern Tanzania

使用RDTs、显微镜和qPCR在坦桑尼亚东南部收集的人口调查数据得出的细粒度疟疾分层的比较

Abstract Background The Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) aims to eliminate all human malaria by 2030 and is making substantial progress toward this goal, with malaria increasingly confined to forest foci. These transmission foci are predominantly inhabited by ethnic minorities, local populations, and rural mobile and migrant populations working in mining and agriculture. The recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO) on malaria elimination states that small population groups which constitute a large proportion of the malaria transmission reservoir should benefit from targeted strategies to reduce transmission overall. These population groups are exposed to malaria vector bites during the day due to Anopheles daytime biting, and during the night, due to low bed net use and open sleeping structures. Such characteristics limit the effectiveness of the WHO core vector control strategies [indoor residual spraying (IRS), insecticide-treated nets (ITNs)], which target indoor resting and indoor feeding mosquitoes. Interventions that target daytime and outdoor resting or biting mosquitoes, and which complement IRS and ITNs and drug strategies, may hasten a decline in the malaria burden. Methods This study evaluated two transfluthrin- and one metofluthrin-based volatile pyrethroid spatial repellents (VPSRs), and etofenprox insecticide-treated clothing (ITC) with and without a topical repellent in a semi-field system (SFS) at two research sites in Thailand, across two trial rounds. The study estimated the protective efficacies of the vector control tools against two pyrethroid-susceptible Anopheles minimus strains in the form of 15 interventions, including a combined VPSR and ITC intervention. The interventions’ modes of action were studied by measuring their impact on mosquito landing, and on key life history traits known to affect vectoral capacity (knockdown, post-exposure blood feeding, and 24-h mortality) using a block-randomized crossover design. The odds ratio (OR) for each intervention compared to the control on each outcome was estimated. Results All interventions substantially reduced An. minimus landings and prevented more than 50% mosquito landings when new (VPSRs) or unwashed (treated clothing). In addition to landing reduction, all interventions decreased post-exposure blood feeding, induced knockdown and increased mortality at 24 h. The VPSR interventions were generally more protective against landing than the treated clothing intervention. The combined intervention (VPSR + ITC) provided the greatest protection overall. Conclusion This SFS evaluation indicates an effect of these VPSR and ITC interventions in reducing An. minimus landing for the user, and indicates their potential for community protection by secondary modes of action. This study demonstrates the utility of SFS trials in the evaluation of bite prevention tools and emphasizes the need for multiple evaluations at different sites. It also highlights possible sources of biases observed, including the measuring of mosquito landing rather than biting, weather parameters, and low mosquito recapture.

Élodie A. Vajda

Amanda Ross

Manop Saeung

Arissara Pongsiri

David J. McIver

Allison Tatarsky

Nakul Chitnis

Jeffrey Hii

Jason H. Richardson

Michael Macdonald

Sarah J. Moore

Neil F. Lobo

Theeraphap Chareonviriyaphap

Alongkot Ponlawat

The effect of novel mosquito bite prevention tools on Anopheles minimus landing and key secondary endpoints: semi-field evaluations in Thailand

新型蚊虫叮咬预防工具对嗜人按蚊降落及关键次要终点的效果：泰国半野外评估

Anika Ruisch

Miranda Iodice

Ishani Mathur

Sara Harris

Damian G. Walker

Richmond Owusu

Justice Nonvignon

Colin Gilmartin

Systematic review on the cost of seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC)

季节性疟疾化学预防（SMC）成本的系统综述

Rita Nakalega

Denis Mawanda

Ruth Nabisere-Arinaitwe

Nelson Mukiza

Cynthia Ndikuno Kuteesa

Robert Menge

Clemensia Nakabiito

Jane Nabakooza

Abel Kakuru

Lynn Atuyambe

Philippa Musoke

Mary Glenn Fowler

Zubair Lukyamuzi

Video-based education messaging to enhance optimal uptake of malaria preventive therapy in pregnant women: a mixed methods study involving pregnant women and midwives in Uganda

基于视频的教育信息传递以提高孕妇疟疾预防治疗的最佳接受率：一项涉及乌干达孕妇和助产士的混合方法研究

Abbreviation	Malar J
Journal Impact	2.59
Quartiles(Global)	TROPICAL MEDICINE(Q2)

ISSN	1475-2875
h-index	120

Publication Information	Publisher: BioMed Central Ltd，Publishing cycle: Irregular，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: Yes
Basic data	Year of publication: 2002，Proportion of original research papers: 91.27%，Self Citation Rate:20.80%， Gold OA Rate: 99.59%
Journal Fees	$2790Details
Average review cycle	网友分享经验：较快,2-4周
Average recruitment ratio	网友分享经验：较难

Malaria Journal

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