Afkar

Western philosophical study of religion, particularly by the analytic philosophers in contemporary times, has raised many issues about religious truth in reference to theism. One of the major issues is their problematization of evil, which they treated as logical and evidential arguments against the existence of theistic God. With the consideration of being neutral and objective, their treatment of the problem assumes a dialectical relevance for the theists, including the Muslims, to respond in two customarily ways of either theodicy or defense. However, a question should rather be raised, at least by the discerning Muslims, on to what extent their philosophical formulation and establishment of the problem is relevant to religions other than Western Christianity. This article aims to articulate a contextualized overview of contemporary development in the philosophical problematization of evil especially the ones developed in the analytical discourse. This contextualization is crucial to adjudicate that their treatment of the problem, in its essence, reflects more of the religio-philosophical experience and consciousness of Western man, hence, diluting at once their claim for neutrality and objectivity.

Wan Suhaimi Wan Abdullah

Mohamad Fahroni Hamdan

Jurnal Akidah & Pemikiran Islam

Contemporary Development in Western Philosophical Problematization of Evil: A Contextualized Overview

西方哲学中恶的问题化当代发展：一种语境化的概述

The Covid-19 pandemic and the enforcement of the Movement Control Order (MCO) in Malaysia adversely affected many entrepreneurs including business owners who received zakat assistance. Amidst the challenges, many of them managed to survive and remained strongly motivated. This article hence aims to analyze the spiritual factors that help asnaf entrepreneurs (eligible zakat recipients) during the Covid-19 pandemic to remain in business. A qualitative study was used in this research by interviewing a total of 46 asnaf entrepreneurs from three zakat institutions. The respondents were selected via purposive and snowball sampling methods. The findings of the study show that spiritual factors such as iman, amanah, perseverance, tawakkal and ihsan have significantly influenced the morale and development of asnaf entrepreneurs. Therefore, it is suggested that zakat institutions should not provide their recipients with merely financial assistance, but also non-material spiritual enhancement support such as motivational courses and advisory. Such programs will help asnaf entrepreneurs to uplift their spirit, especially during challenging times.

Nor Aini Ali

Suhaili Sarif

Nor `Azzah Kamri

The Influence of Spiritual Factors on Business Survival of Asnaf Entrepreneurs in Malaysia

精神因素对马来西亚阿斯纳夫企业家企业生存的影响

Sufism has become a focal point for researchers seeking its invaluable benefits, as it offers solutions to numerous societal problems. This study explores modern Sufism, particularly amidst the intellectual turmoil and conflicts prevalent in contemporary societies. Emphasizing modern Sufism’s ability to nurture hearts and cultivate good values and morals is crucial in such contexts. While many Sufi groups worldwide focus inwardly on the soul and heart, al-Tariqah al-Kasanzaniyyah offers a modern Sufism perspective and method capable of addressing contemporary challenges. This study aims to present the concepts adopted by al-Tariqah al-Kasanzaniyyah in treating hearts and reforming societies through its integrated Sufism approach, serving as a model for other Sufi tariqats. The researcher employed an interview as a research method to collect authentic information, including personal interviews with the Shaykh of the tariqah and its students. In addition, the descriptive-analysis method is used to analyze the writings about Tariqah al-Kasanzaniyyah and the teachings of the shaykh. The study concludes that Sufism, according to Shaykh Muhammad al-Muhammad al-Kasanzan, aims to fulfill the objectives of the Muhammadiyah message at all life levels, from individuals to society, thereby achieving the essence of the Islamic message and spreading goodness, mercy, and love for all humanity.

Qais Abu Younis

Muhamad Faisal Asha'ari

Mohamad Zulkifli Abdul Ghani

Abu Dardaa Mohamad

التصوف الإسلامي المعاصر برؤية الطريقة الكسنزانية Contemporary Islamic Sufism from The Perspective of The Kasanzaniyyah Order

当代伊斯兰苏菲主义：卡桑扎尼耶教团视角

Numerous studies by Muslim scholars have explored the monotheistic nature of Hinduism, with contrasting findings. Several scholars, such as al-Mas‘udi, al-Maqdisi, and al-Biruni, assert that Hinduism embraces the unity of God. Conversely, another group of scholars, including Abu Zahra and Ahmad Jasim, contends that Hinduism is fundamentally polytheistic. Additionally, some authors argue that Hinduism partially, rather than entirely, advocates for monotheism. Some Muslim scholarly works also suggest that polytheism has been established in Hinduism more recently. Consequently, readers of these studies may find the monotheistic concept in Hinduism unclear. This article applies the traditional narrative method, describing and discussing prior literature from contextual and theoretical perspectives, to categorically explore and present Muslim scholarly works on the monotheistic characteristics of Hinduism. It also aims to address the extent and nature of disagreements among Muslim scholars on this concept. The significance of this study lies in understanding the views of Muslim researchers on the oneness of God in Hinduism, which will aid in developing policies that promote better coexistence within a multi-religious community.

Asad Ibrahim

Khadijah Mohd Khambali @ Hambali

Alwani Ghazali

Azmil Zainal Abidin

Monotheistic Characteristics of Hinduism from the Perspective of Selected Muslim Scholars: A Comparative Review

从选定穆斯林学者视角看印度教的一神论特征：比较性评述

The Malay Islamic Hikayat is a genre of oral and written literature from the tradition of Traditional Malay Literature. Among the themes of this genre are stories of prophets and messengers that are told as single or group stories. Examples of unique stories in this genre include the Hikayat Nur Muhammad, Hikayat Bulan Berbelah, Hikayat Nabi Bercukur, Hikayat Nabi Mi’raj, Hikayat Nabi Wafat, Hikayat Nabi Yusuf, Hikayat Nabi Sulaiman and others. Among the stories written in this genre that collectively narrate the stories of the prophets and messengers is the story of Surat al-Anbiya’, which brings together 33 stories of the prophets and messengers in one manuscript. Although these stories are originally fables, in the religious context of the Malay Archipelago, the story of the prophets and messengers in this version of the fable has been accepted as authentic because the difference between the fable version and the Qasas Qur’ani version is not recognized. This study will discuss the development of the writing of The Malay Islamic Hikayat in the genre of stories of the Prophets and Messengers, as well as conduct content analysis and comparative analysis of the selected story, specifically the story of the creation process of Prophet Adam. The story of the events of Prophet Adam from the story of Surat al-Anbiya’ will be analyzed and compared with the story from the book Kisah Shahih Para Nabi (Sahih Qasas al-Anbiya’), the original work of Ibn Kathir (701-774H) summarized by Salim ‘Ied al-Hilali. This comparative analysis aims to identify the similarities and differences between the story of the creation of Prophet Adam in The Malay Islamic Hikayat version and the Qasas Qur’ani version. This study found that the stories attributed as revelations from Allah SWT, with the use of the term “Firman Allah” (Word of Allah) at the beginning of the story, are mostly non-Quranic verses.

Ahmad Zahiruddin Mohd Zabidi

Wan Nasyrudin Wan Abdullah

Abu Hanifah Haris

Khairulnazrin Nasir

Proses Penciptaan Nabi Adam dalam Hikayat Surat Al-Anbiya’: Analisis Perbandingan Antara Tradisi Kesusasteraan Melayu Tradisional &amp; Kisah Dalam Al-Quran The Creation Process of Prophet Adam in Hikayat Surat Al-Anbiya’: A Comparative Analysis Between Traditional Malay Literary Tradition &amp; The Stories in The Qur’an

《希克亚特·苏拉特·安比亚中先知亚当的创造过程：传统马来文学传统与《古兰经》故事的比较分析》

The revelation of religion teaches two ways to acquire knowledge. First, through revelation, which involves communication from God to humans; and second, through reason, which involves using impressions obtained by the five senses as food for thought to arrive at conclusions. Knowledge obtained through revelation is believed to be absolute, while knowledge obtained through reason is considered relative, requiring continuous testing and subject to being either true or false. In the pursuit of truth and enlightenment, a question arises in the age of scientific and technological advances: which form of knowledge is more trusted knowledge obtained through thought, knowledge obtained through revelation, or knowledge obtained through both? The focus of this research is to examine how revelation and human thought work together in establishing Islamic law. For example, when issuing contemporary fatwas for which there is no explicit argument from the Qur’an or Hadith, the ulama’ use reason or their intellects in formulating fatwas, ensuring that these fatwas do not conflict with the Qur’an or Hadith. The research method involves a literature review or literature study that includes theories relevant to the research problem. The goal of this research is to determine the relationship between Islamic law and human thought.

Zarul Arifin

Abdurrahman Raden Aji Haqqi

Islamic Law: Between Revelation and Human Thoughts

伊斯兰法：在启示与人类思想之间

Publication Information	Publisher: University of Malaya，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 2019，Proportion of original research papers: 100.00%，Self Citation Rate:50.00%， Gold OA Rate: 44.30%

Afkar

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Contemporary Development in Western Philosophical Problematization of Evil: A Contextualized Overview

The Influence of Spiritual Factors on Business Survival of Asnaf Entrepreneurs in Malaysia

التصوف الإسلامي المعاصر برؤية الطريقة الكسنزانية Contemporary Islamic Sufism from The Perspective of The Kasanzaniyyah Order

Monotheistic Characteristics of Hinduism from the Perspective of Selected Muslim Scholars: A Comparative Review

The Influence of Spiritual Factors on Business Survival of Asnaf Entrepreneurs in Malaysia

التصوف الإسلامي المعاصر برؤية الطريقة الكسنزانية Contemporary Islamic Sufism from The Perspective of The Kasanzaniyyah Order

Monotheistic Characteristics of Hinduism from the Perspective of Selected Muslim Scholars: A Comparative Review

Islamic Law: Between Revelation and Human Thoughts

Abbreviation
Journal Impact	0.24

ISSN	1511-8819, 2550-1755
h-index	3