Infant and Child Development publishes high quality empirical, theoretical and methodological papers addressing psychological development from the antenatal period through to adolescence. The journal brings together research on:    - social and emotional development  - perceptual and motor development  - cognitive development  - language development    atypical development (including conduct problems, anxiety and depressive conditions, language impairments, autistic spectrum disorders, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorders)

The journal "Infant and Child Development" publishes high-quality empirical, theoretical, and methodological papers that address psychological development from the antenatal period through adolescence. It brings together research on: - social and emotional development - perceptual and motor development - cognitive development - language development - atypical development (including conduct problems, anxiety and depressive conditions, language impairments, autistic spectrum disorders, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorders).

《Infant and Child Development》期刊发表高质量的实证、理论和方法论论文，关注从产前到青春期的心理发展。期刊汇集了以下研究领域：- 社会和情感发展 - 感知和运动发展 - 认知发展 - 语言发展 - 非典型发展（包括行为问题、焦虑和抑郁状况、语言障碍、自闭症谱系障碍以及注意缺陷/多动障碍）

Infant and Child Development

The purpose of this study was to examine whether anxious shyness and regulated shyness, initially identified in Asian cultures, can be differentiated in Asian American children and to explore how these two forms of shyness were related to children's temperament, parents' acculturation, and children's psychosocial functioning. Participants were 155 fourth and fifth grade children (81 girls, M age = 10.35 years) who were recruited from an elementary school in Hawai'i. The results of an exploratory factor analysis replicated the two‐factor model of shyness found in previous studies of Asian children. Anxious and regulated shyness were similarly related to temperamental shyness and solitary behaviour but differed in their relations to attention regulation, social preference, anxious behaviour, peer exclusion, and loneliness. In addition, parents' orientation to their Asian natal cultures was positively related to regulated but not anxious shyness. These findings from an Asian‐concentrated context in a Western culture provide preliminary support for the distinction between anxious and regulated shyness in Asian American children. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.

Yiyuan Xu

Alexander Krieg

Shyness in Asian American Children and the Relation to Temperament, Parents' Acculturation, and Psychosocial Functioning

Abstract Shyness, which is characterized by social withdrawal behaviours and approaching‐withdrawal conflicted social motivations, is suggested to influence children's social–emotional development. This study examined the association between shyness and social–emotional development among Chinese children aged 3 to 12. A systematic search of both Chinese and international databases for relevant research between 1990 and 2020 yielded 23 studies ( n = 9,009 children), which were systematically reviewed. Among them, 15 studies ( n = 6,303 children) were included in the meta‐analyses. Results from random‐effects models indicated that shyness was positively associated with internalizing problems ( ), externalizing problems ( ), peer victimization ( ), and asocial behaviours ( ), and negatively associated with peer preference ( and school social competence (for school‐aged children ; for preschool children ) in the Chinese context. Further, analyses revealed that the relationship between shyness and social–emotional development was moderated by children's characteristics (e.g., gender, age, receptive vocabulary, and emotional competence), social relationship (e.g., teacher‐child relationship and parent–child attachment), and situational context (e.g., interpersonal similarity). This study suggests that shyness generally exerts negative influences on Chinese children's social–emotional development, but the influences are unique to particular social–emotional domains and moderated by both children's characteristics and environmental factors.

Xinyi Zhang

Carrie Lau

Yi Yang

Shyness and social–emotional development among Chinese children: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

中国儿童的羞怯与社会情绪发展：系统综述与元分析

The current study examined concurrent and longitudinal relations between maternal negative affective behavior and child negative emotional expression in preschool age children with (n = 96) or without (n = 126) an early developmental risk, as well as the predictions of later behavior problems. Maternal negative affective behavior, child externalizing emotional expression, and child internalizing emotional expression were observed during a number of lab tasks at child ages 4 and 5, and child externalizing and internalizing behavior problems were assessed via maternal questionnaire at age 6. Path analyses using structural equation modeling were utilized to test the relations among the variables at ages 4, 5, and 6. A parent-driven model of emotion socialization emerged, wherein stronger relations were found among maternal negative affect and child externalizing emotions and behaviors than among maternal negative affect and child internalizing emotions and behaviors. Early child risk did not appear to alter the overall emotion socialization process, although higher levels of maternal and child negativity were observed for the children with a developmental risk. Results underscore the complexity of emotion socialization processes throughout the preschool period.

Rebecca P. Newland

Keith A. Crnic

Mother-child affect and emotion socialization processes across the late preschool period: predictions of emerging behaviour problems

Abstract Gender inequality in housework divisions is persistent. This study examined early‐emerging patterns in gender roles via children's gendered housework time in the Irish context using time‐use diary and questionnaire data, controlling for key demographic variables. This study utilized longitudinal “Growing up in Ireland” data, comparing the same children's behaviour at age 9 and 13. Participants were a nationally representative, weighted sample of school going children living in Ireland, including 4,135 girls, 3,831 boys and their caregivers. The results highlight that inequalities in domestic chores occur at nine and are even greater at 13: girls do more housework and children tend to do “gender typical” chores. Consequences are discussed in relation to gender inequality and policy implications.

Caoimhe O'Reilly

Michael Quayle

Gender inequalities in time spent doing housework by children in Ireland: A nationally representative sample across two time points

Abstract Relationships among attachment to each parent, children's social self‐efficacy, and the quality of peer relations (attachment to peers and perceptions of victimization) were explored with 67 fifth and sixth graders (31 female) attending a rural elementary school. Results of hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed main effects for gender and attachment to mother relative to the attachment to peers variable, with girls and more securely attached children reporting higher quality attachment to peers. Main effects were also detected for gender and attachment to father relative to social self‐efficacy, with girls and more securely attached children exhibiting higher self‐efficacy. No main effects were observed relative to the peer victimization variable. None of the interaction effects involving gender and attachment to each parent relative to attachment to peers, peer victimization, and social self‐efficacy were significant. Finally, evidence for mediation of attachment to father on attachment to peers by children's social self‐efficacy was revealed. Implications of the results are discussed and ideas for future research are provided. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.

Priscilla K. Coleman

Perceptions of parent‐child attachment, social self‐efficacy, and peer relationships in middle childhood

童年中期亲子依恋、社会自我效能感和同伴关系认知

ABSTRACT Twin studies are important for research on genetic and environmental influences on child development, but it is imperative to test whether findings can be generalised from twins to singletons. Since the first months of life are defined by the emergence of important sleep behaviours, we compared 451 (54.8% females) twins and 77 singletons (48.1% females) on a range of sleep, settle and crying behaviours at 5 months of age. No significant differences were found regarding duration of crying or time until settled. However, singletons were reported to wake up more frequently during nighttime than twins ( F (1, 509) = 35.10, p &lt; 0.001, η p 2 = 0.065), suggesting that, when reported in twin studies, this measure might be slightly underestimated at a mean level in relation to singletons. In conclusion, despite the unique challenges and additional caregiver load of infant twins, there seem to be few differences between twins and singletons regarding parent‐reported settle and crying behaviours in early infancy.

Charlotte Viktorsson

Angelica Ronald

Terje Falck‐Ytter

A Comparison of Sleep and Settle Behaviours Across Twins and Singletons at 5 Months of Age

5个月龄双胞胎与单胎婴儿睡眠和安稳行为的比较

ABSTRACT This systematic review and meta‐analyses aim to synthesise evidence about behavioural interventions to address dysregulated sleeping and cry/fuss behaviour in infants aged up to 12 months and the effects on infant behaviour and maternal mental health. A systematic literature search of English‐language publications was performed in November 2020 and updated in May 2023 using Medline, Embase, PsychInfo and Cinahl Plus. Twenty‐two papers reporting twenty studies met inclusion criteria of these sixteen papers reported both maternal and infant outcomes. Although, there is heterogeneity of the investigations, their results are broadly consistent. Parents who attended a behavioural intervention program for unsettled behaviours in infants reported improvement of their mental health and parenting confidence, and unsettled infant behaviours were improved including a reduction of night waking and cry/fuss behaviour. This review and meta‐analyse provides evidence that behavioural interventions show a mild to moderate improvement in unsettled infant behaviour and maternal mental health.

Karin Stanzel

Tomoko Honda

Thach Tran

Jane Fisher

Behavioural Interventions for Problematic Infant Sleeping and Cry/Fuss Behaviour: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analyses

问题婴儿睡眠及哭闹行为的行为干预：系统综述与Meta分析

ABSTRACT The parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) is highly responsive to changes in environmental conditions and serves an essential role in mobilising the metabolic resources required for young children to regulate their thoughts, emotions and behaviours. According to polyvagal theory, the PNS evolved to play a leading role in the neurophysiological response to situations that range from modestly challenging to engaging, and many situations in which young children must exercise volitional processes of self‐regulation conform to this description. Children's phasic parasympathetic activity during measures of volitional self‐regulation is often associated with their performance on those measures or with their performance on other assessments of self‐regulation, but the nature of the associations between PNS activity and performance on measures of volitional self‐regulation is highly variable. This heterogeneity complicates the interpretation of results obtained across different studies and inhibits our ability to formulate directional hypotheses about what patterns of phasic parasympathetic activity we would expect to observe as young children exercise volitional processes of self‐regulation in different situations. This special issue presents a set of papers that addressed these challenges by administering multiple measures of volitional self‐regulation to the same sample of children or by examining how children's characteristics and experience in their developmental environments may account for observed differences in their phasic PNS activity.

Steven J. Holochwost

Cathi B. Propper

At the Interface Between Parasympathetic Activity and Self‐Regulation in Young Children: Introduction to the Special Issue

幼儿副交感神经活动与自我调节之间的界面：特刊引言

ABSTRACT Parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) activity has widespread research applications but poses measurement challenges due to its high sensitivity to environmental conditions and immediate demands. While standardised methods exist for measuring PNS reactivity and recovery in response to stressors, the selection of appropriate baseline and resting states is often overlooked. This commentary argues that a clearer conceptual distinction between baseline, a research construct for comparing values, and rest, a psychophysiological state of low arousal and cognitive engagement, is crucial for data interpretation. This includes a need for explicitly justifying baseline conditions in relation to research goals and validating rest conditions. By improving the clarity and rigour of baseline and rest, researchers can enhance the interpretability of PNS reactivity and recovery measures, supporting integration of research findings across studies.

Jacek Kolacz

Baseline and Rest: A Need for Conceptual Clarity When Measuring Parasympathetic Reactivity and Recovery

基线和休息：测量副交感神经反应性和恢复时需要概念清晰

ABSTRACT Adopted youth often have contact with or at least information about birth family members—but such relationships or knowledge rarely extend to birth fathers. The current study explores ideas, feelings, and questions about birth fathers among youth raised by two mothers, including whether or not they desire contact. Interviews were conducted with 25 adolescents, ages 13–19 years. Thematic analysis of narratives revealed seven groups of respondents who displayed a range of interests, feelings, and contact desires in relation to birth fathers. Some adolescents had limited information about or interest in their birth fathers, others showed ambivalence and uncertainty, and still others voiced curiosity and strong interest. A few articulated a sense of a fathers ‘absence’ and a longing for a fatherly presence. The data are interpreted in the context of ambiguous loss, uncertainty management, and gender perspectives. Implications for future research, adoption practice, and adoptive parenting are considered.

Abbreviation	Inf Child Dev
Journal Impact	2.85
Quartiles(Global)	PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL(Q2)

ISSN	1522-7219, 1522-7227
h-index	66

Publication Information	Publisher: John Wiley and Sons Ltd，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 1996，Proportion of original research papers: 80.00%，Self Citation Rate:3.60%， Gold OA Rate: 37.88%

Infant and Child Development

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