自 1976 年出版的《环境与资源年度评论》对环境科学与工程领域的重要主题进行了权威性评论，包括生态与保护科学、水和能源资源、大气、海洋、气候变化、农业和生物资源以及人类资源利用和全球变化的维度。

Since its inception in 1976, the Annual Review of Environment and Resources has provided authoritative reviews on significant topics in the field of environmental science and engineering. These topics include ecology and conservation science, water and energy resources, atmosphere, oceans, climate change, agriculture and biological resources, as well as human resource utilization and dimensions of global change.

《Annual Review of Environment and Resources》自1976年出版以来，针对环境科学与工程领域的重要主题进行了权威性的评论。这些主题包括生态与保护科学、水和能源资源、大气、海洋、气候变化、农业与生物资源，以及人类资源利用和全球变化的各个方面。

Annual Review of Environment and Resources

This article provides a systematic review of the literature on net-zero carbon cities, their objectives and key features, current efforts, and performance. We discuss how net-zero differs from low-carbon cities, how different visions of a net-zero carbon city relate to urban greenhouse gas accounting, deep decarbonization pathways and their application to cities and urban infrastructure systems, net-zero carbon cities in theory versus practice, lessons learned from net-zero carbon city plans and implementation, and opportunities and challenges in transitioning toward net-zero carbon cities across both sectors and various spatial fabrics within cities. We conclude that it is possible for cities to get to or near net-zero carbon, but this requires systemictransformation. Crucially, a city cannot achieve net-zero by focusing only on reducing emissions within its administrative boundaries. Cities must decarbonize key transboundary supply chains and use urban and regional landscapes to sequester carbon from the atmosphere. Because of carbon lock-in, and the complex interplay between urban infrastructure and behavior, strategic sequencing of mitigation action is essential for cities to achieve net-zero.

Karen C. Seto

Galina Churkina

Angel Hsu

Meredith Keller

Peter W.G. Newman

Bo Qin

Anu Ramaswami

Annu. Rev. Environ. Resour.

From Low- to Net-Zero Carbon Cities: The Next Global Agenda

Existing technologies, institutions, and behavioral norms together act to constrain the rate and magnitude of carbon emissions reductions in the coming decades. The inertia of carbon emissions due to such mutually reinforcing physical, economic, and social constraints is referred to as carbon lock-in. Carbon lock-in is a special case of path dependency, which is common in the evolution of complex systems. However, carbon lock-in is particularly prone to entrenchment given the large capital costs, long infrastructure lifetimes, and interrelationships between the socioeconomic and technical systems involved. Further, the urgency of efforts to avoid dangerous climate change exacerbates the liability of even small lock-in risks. Although carbon lock-in has been recognized for years, efforts to characterize the types and causes of carbon lock-in, or to quantitatively assess and evaluate its policy implications, have been limited and scattered across a number of different disciplines. This systematic review of the literature synthesizes what is known about the types and causes of carbon lock-in, including the scale, magnitude, and longevity of the effects, and policy implications. We identify three main types of carbon lock-in and describe how they coevolve: (a) infrastructural and technological, (b) institutional, and (c) behavioral. Although each type of lock-in has its own set of processes, all three are tightly intertwined and contribute to the inertia of carbon emissions. We outline the conditions, opportunities, and strategies for fostering transitions toward less-carbon-intensive emissions trajectories. We conclude by proposing a carbon lock-in research agenda that can help bridge the gaps between science, knowledge, and policy-making.

Steven J. Davis

Ronald B. Mitchell

Eleanor C. Stokes

Gregory Unruh

Diana Ürge-Vorsatz

Carbon Lock-In: Types, Causes, and Policy Implications

Contemporary urbanization differs from historical patterns of urban growth in terms of scale, rate, location, form, and function. This review discusses the characteristics of contemporary urbanization and the roles of urban planning, governance, agglomeration, and globalization forces in driving and shaping the relationship between urbanization and the environment. We highlight recent research on urbanization and global change in the context of sustainability as well as opportunities for bundling urban development efforts, climate mitigation, and adaptation strategies to create synergies to transition to sustainability. We conclude with an analysis of global greenhouse gas emissions under different scenarios of future urbanization growth and discuss their implications.

Roberto Sánchez-Rodríguez

Michail Fragkias

The New Geography of Contemporary Urbanization and the Environment

当代城市化与环境的新地理

Healthy soils contribute to a wide range of ecosystem services and virtually all of the UN Sustainable Development Goals, but most of the world's soil resources are in only fair, poor, or very poor condition, and conditions are getting worse in more cases than they are improving. A total of 33% of all soils are moderately to highly degraded as a result of erosion, loss of organic matter, poor nutrient balance, salinization and alkalinization, contamination, acidification, loss of biodiversity, sealing, compaction, and poor water status. Best management practices are available to limit or mitigate threats to soil health, and many of them mitigate multiple soil threats. In many regions of the world, policies or initiatives to protect or enhance the status of soils are in place, and they need to be strengthened and enforced. The Food and Agriculture Organisation will publish its second comprehensive assessment of the status of the world's soils in 2025, and this review provides an interim update on world soil status and offers an accessible overview of the topic.

Pete Smith

Rosa M. Poch

David A. Lobb

Ranjan Bhattacharyya

Ghiath Alloush

Gaius D. Eudoxie

Lúcia H.C. Anjos

Michael Castellano

Georges M. Ndzana

Claire Chenu

Ravi Naidu

Jeyanny Vijayanathan

Adele M. Muscolo

Guillermo A. Studdert

Natalia Rodriguez Eugenio

M. Costanza Calzolari

Nyambilila Amuri

Paul Hallett

Status of the World's Soils

世界土壤状况

Cities are particularly vulnerable to extreme weather episodes, which are expected to increase with climate change. Cities also influence their own local climate, for example, through the relative warming known as the urban heat island (UHI) effect. This review discusses urban climate features (even in complex terrain) and processes. We then present state-of-the-art methodologies on the generalization of a common urban neighborhood classification for UHI studies, as well as recent developments in observation systems and crowdsourcing approaches. We discuss new modeling paradigms pertinent to climate impact studies, with a focus on building energetics and urban vegetation. In combination with regional climate modeling, new methods benefit the variety of climate scenarios and models to provide pertinent information at urban scale. Finally, this article presents how recent research in urban climatology contributes to the global agenda on cities and climate change.

Valéry Masson

Aude Lemonsu

Julia Hidalgo

James Voogt

Urban Climates and Climate Change

城市气候与气候变化

This article catalogs major recent trends in ecological science fiction (sf), focused primarily on sf published after the completion of N.K. Jemisin's paradigm-setting Broken Earth trilogy in 2017. Major subdivisions in the genre include dystopian and antiutopian narratives about climate collapse, technocratic solutionism, reckoning with climate change as a colonial project, intergenerational conflict, and posthuman formulation. Noting that sf both as literary genre and as fan community encompasses a wide range of political perspectives ranging from reactionary hypercapitalism to utopian socialism, the article does not seek to advance any particular political position but rather seeks to name the major currents of political and ethical debate within sf in this moment of ecological crisis. The article concludes with a brief discussion of the way the sf genre, in reframing the present as the history of multiple possible futures, calls on us to act to shape that future toward human thriving.

K Persinger

Sherryl Vint

Gerry Canavan

Science Fiction in the Anthropocene

人类世中的科幻小说

This review explores the relationships between gender and climate change, focusing on Africa, South Asia, and Latin America. It draws attention to the differences in how women, men, and others are impacted by climate change, emphasizing vulnerabilities due to lack of access to resources and decision-making authority. We highlight the role gender-sensitive environmental institutions have in moderating how gender relations are affected by climate change. We assess gender sensitivity in environmental institutions, climate adaptation, and mitigation initiatives through regional comparisons, considering the different roles, responsibilities, and demands of women, men, and other intersectional groups within policies and initiatives to identify opportunities and difficulties in enacting gender-sensitive policies. The analysis shows widespread recognition of the significance of tackling gender-related concerns in the context of climate change and concludes that while progress is evident, there is room for improvement in addressing biases, stereotypes, and specific challenges, especially concerning climate change.

Anjal Prakash

Debora Ley

Mary Thamari

How Gender-Sensitive Are Environmental Institutions, Climate Adaptation, and Mitigation Actions? A Narrative from the Global South

环境机构、气候适应和减缓行动在性别敏感度方面表现如何？来自全球南方的叙事

As a metric for economic progress, gross domestic product (GDP) has been criticized for hiding the destruction of natural capital and failing to improve happiness/human well-being. Consequently, many studies unanimously argued for a beyond GDP approach, which led to a proliferation of ensuing metrics. However, the proliferation leads to confusion as it complicates matters for policymakers looking to these metrics to inform coherent development objectives and plans. Our article aims to assess theoretical and empirical efforts to measure human progress based on these notions of well-being and sustainability and critically analyze the strengths and weaknesses of these approaches. We explore systematic trends in indicator activity in the related literature and, in doing so, organize our discussion around the distinct and prominent perspectives that can be identified. We illustrate with a case study on India how divergent matrices, though not beyond comprehension, increase the complexity.

Haripriya Gundimeda

Giles Atkinson

Measuring Global Human Progress: Are We on the Right Track?

衡量全球人类进步：我们走在正确的轨道上吗？

This review surveys recent evidence on environmental security, bringing diverse approaches to the subject and evidence relating to different environmental issues into conversation with one another. We focus on the five environmental issues most commonly viewed as having conflict or security effects: climate change, water, forests and deforestation, biodiversity and conservation, and mining and industrial pollution. For each issue, we consider evidence along three dimensions: the impacts of environmental variables on violent conflict, the conflict impacts of policy and development interventions vis-à-vis these environmental issues, and their global policy framing and institutionalization. Through this, we draw particular attention to the poverty and/or inconsistency of the evidence relating to environmental variations, which stands in stark contrast to the extensive evidence on policy and development interventions; noting that policymakers have been much more concerned with the former theme than the latter, we call for this imbalance to be addressed.

Abbreviation	Annu. Rev. Environ. Resour.
Journal Impact	15.62
Quartiles(Global)	ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES(Q1)

ISSN	1543-5938, 1545-2050
h-index	147

Publication Information	Publisher: Annual Reviews Inc.，Publishing cycle: Annual，Journal Type: book-series，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 2003，Proportion of original research papers: 0.00%，Self Citation Rate:1.90%， Gold OA Rate: 90.59%
Average review cycle	网友分享经验：>24周，或约稿
Average recruitment ratio	网友分享经验：约稿形式

Annual Review of Environment and Resources

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