Compendium of continuing education in dentistry (Jamesburg, N.J. : 1995)

To achieve restorative success for esthetic cases a process is needed that can be reproduced repeatedly. As with any process there are critical steps that must be followed to ensure accurate and precise results. This article outlines a verification process of provisional restorations in order to obtain appropriate esthetics, phonetics, and function. Additionally, the article discusses how newly created contours can be transferred intraorally to the laboratory benchtop and then to the final restorations. Through the process of verification, the clinician can establish restorative predictability to enhance the restorative success of any esthetic case.

Marco Bergamini

Thamar D Silvestre

Huzefa S Talib

Thomas G Weidemann

Compendium of continuing education in dentistry

Are Cannabis and Electronic Cigarettes Risks for Early Sinus Lift Failures

大麻和电子烟是否会增加早期上颌窦提升术失败的风险

During this pandemic the importance of oral health and its connection to systemic health-as well as maintaining dental visits-must be emphasized to patients and the public. Oral hygiene must be sustained, if not improved, in order to reduce bacterial load in the mouth and, therefore, the potential risk of bacterial superinfection.

Victoria Sampson

Could Poor Oral Hygiene Increase the Risk of COVID-19 Infection?

不良口腔卫生会增加感染COVID-19的风险吗？

For an edentulous patient who does not wish to cope with mastication impairment associated with a conventional denture, either in the maxilla or mandible, function can be restored with a fixed or removable implant-supported prosthesis. This article addresses management of situations when it is preferable to restore an edentulous arch with a removable implant-supported prosthesis. The differences in treatment planning concepts as they relate to the maxillary and mandibular arches are highlighted, and advantages of a bar-retained overdenture versus unsplinted implant-supported overdentures are discussed. A logical sequential approach to case management is delineated starting with determining tooth position after casts are articulated.

Joseph Carpentieri

Gary Greenstein

Management of the Edentulous Patient: Removable Implant Prostheses.

无牙颌患者的管理：可摘义齿修复。

Purpose This study was intended to determine the prevalence of tongue restrictions in a pediatric population and develop a screening tool for tongue-tie symptoms. Methods Patients were screened for tongue elevation and common symptoms using a novel Tongue Restriction Questionnaire (TRQ) that assesses symptoms throughout the lifespan. Results In total, 314 children (47.5% male) with a mean age of 5.8 years were screened; 25.5% of children were grade 1 (could elevate the tongue >80% to the incisive papilla), 51.3% were grade 2 (50%-80%), 20.4% were grade 3 (25%-50%), and 2.9% were grade 4 (less than 25% elevation) or most restricted. Inter-rater reliability between the dentist and the hygienist's independent grades was highly significant (ᴋ = .915, P less than .001). With regard to consideration of the child's symptoms in addition to the functional grade (tongue elevation), 26.1% of parents were interested in a referral for possible treatment; 24.5% chose to wait and consider treatment in the future if symptoms worsened; 49.4% of children had excellent mobility and/or were unaffected. Childhood symptoms that correlated with more restricted tongue grades were spitting out food (P = .004) and slow eating (P = .021), and a history of prolonged feeding (P = .052) and milk dribbling out of the mouth (P = .027) as infants. A higher symptom score in infancy correlated with a higher score in childhood (r = .386, P less than .001) and a greater likelihood of referral in childhood (P less than .001). Conclusions Tongue restrictions are common in pediatric patients presenting to dental practices, and symptom presentations vary between patients. Tongue elevation is an easy and reliable test of tongue mobility. Shared decision-making and proper assessments help prevent undertreatment and overtreatment.

Richard Baxter

Ashley Lashley

Nicholas R Rendell

Tongue Restriction Questionnaire: A New Screening Tool to Identify Tongue-Tied Patients

舌系带限制问卷：识别舌系带过短患者的新筛查工具

Enduring glass-ceramic restorations greatly depend on the quality of adhesion of the crown to enamel and dentin. Proper isolation is vital to the success of bonded ceramic restorations. The rubber dam has long been considered the primary method of preventing contamination of the operating field, a crucial requisite for adhesion. However, many dentists do not use rubber dam isolation due to its penchant for slowing down procedures. The authors present a case report that describes a technique for the indirect bonding of a ceramic restoration to a maxillary first molar using rubber dam isolation in conjunction with a floss ligature,a method that is aimed at optimizing operator effectiveness and efficiency.

Mario F Romero

Jacqueline Delash

Roger M Arce

Courtney S Babb

William W Brackett

Resin Bonding of a Lithium-Disilicate Crown Using a Ligated Rubber Dam: A 2-Year Case Report.

使用结扎橡皮障粘接二硅酸锂冠：2年病例报告。

The patient treatment described in this case report demonstrates management of a failing maxillary first molar utilizing an immediate loading approach. Following extraction, the site was successfully managed with socket grafting (ridge preservation) and allowed to heal prior to implant placement. A Straumann® TLX implant was placed using a guided approach and restored using CAD/CAM.

Dean Morton

Ahmet Orgev

Waldemar D Polido

Immediate Loading of Straumann® TLX Implant in Grafted Maxillary First Molar Site.

Straumann® TLX种植体在上颌第一磨牙位点植骨后的即刻负重。

The displacement or invasion of a foreign object (eg, amalgam, dental bur, dental cement, dental implant) into the maxillary sinus can lead to various negative sequelae. Several techniques have been described for the removal of such objects, but although all of them require correct diagnosis and accurate determination of the exact size and location of the foreign object before the removal procedure is performed, high postoperative complication rates often result from these invasive procedures. The authors propose the categorization of two different types of maxillary sinus areas that can be invaded by dental implants and/or foreign objects; diagnosis and treatment are predicated on differentiating and/or identifying these two spaces. The clinical implications of these classifications include the ability to select from and execute appropriate and minimally invasive removal techniques, which are described and demonstrated in three presented case reports.

Leon Chen

Jennifer Cha

Removing Foreign Bodies From the Maxillary Sinus: Sinus Area Classification and Technique Selection.

上颌窦异物取出：窦腔区域分类与技术选择。

Esthetic crown lengthening is a periodontal surgical procedure to correct excess gingival display (ie, smile). The procedure may require soft-tissue excision only, osseous resection, or a combination of both. However, the long-term healing responses, such as soft-tissue relapse or recession and hard-tissue regrowth and resorption, have not been fully reported in the literature. This case report describes the management of a patient with esthetic concerns about a gummy smile. The patient stated that the maxillary anterior area had been previously treated with periodontal surgery 7 years earlier but the condition had slowly recurred over time. The authors highlight the possible reasons for the recurrence and the keys to successfully managing the case.

Yu-Ting Yeh

Steven B Blanchard

Management of Recurrent Gummy Smile After 7 Years: A Case Report.

7年后复发性露龈笑的管理：病例报告。

Literature has suggested that a minimum threshold of bone thickness facial to a dental implant is necessary to ensure successful implantations. The authors, therefore, decided to review the effect of buccal bone thickness on horizontal and vertical bone resorption, recession, and implant survival. Databases were searched, and seven human studies were found that evaluated the effect of facial bone thickness on hard- and soft-tissue outcomes and survival rates related to dental implants. Results revealed that a wide range of buccal bone thickness after implant placement (0.5 mm to ≥2 mm) resulted in a high implant survival rate (97% to 100%). Vertical and horizontal bone loss usually occurs following implant placement, 0.4 mm to 1 mm and 0.08 mm to 0.7 mm, respectively, after restorations are placed. Peri-implant mucosal recession of around 0.5 mm is frequently observed 1 year after implant placement. This literature review concluded that implants have a high survival rate despite a range of facial bone thickness adjacent to implants. It also found that no minimum initial facial bone thickness adjacent to an implant could be verified that would preclude horizontal and vertical bone loss after implant insertions.

Sultan Albeshri

Significance of Facial Bone Thickness After Dental Implantations in Healed Ridges: A Literature Review.

愈合牙槽嵴上牙种植后颌骨厚度的意义：文献综述。

The authors, with Dr. Sahni representing Harvard School of Dental Medicine (HSDM) and Dr. Dragan from Tufts University School of Dental Medicine (TUSDM), have joined together in a collaborative effort to examine differences and similarities in their respective dental education residency programs. This cooperative work is aimed at exchanging views on various topics related to dental training and amplifying dental education by providing enrichment opportunities to participants in each of the programs. Its primary purpose is to promote improvement in dental education and foster the professional development of leaders in academic dentistry by a novel method of collaboration through a shared model of teaching and learning.

Shibani Sahni

Irina F Dragan

Harvard-Tufts Dental Education Collaborative: Stronger Together.

哈佛-塔夫茨牙科教育合作：团结更强。

Publication Information	Publisher: Dental Learning Systems Co., Inc.，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 1995，Proportion of original research papers: ，Self Citation Rate:， Gold OA Rate:

Compendium of continuing education in dentistry (Jamesburg, N.J. : 1995)

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