Democracy and Security

Håvard Rustad Markussen

Liberty, Security, Digital: The Democratic Production of Illiberal Security Policy in the Case of the Norwegian Bulk Interception Controversy

自由、安全、数字：挪威批量拦截争议案例中的非自由安全政策的民主生产

Robert P. Hager

Under Stalin’s Shadow: A Global History of Greek Communism

在斯大林的阴影下：希腊共产主义的全球史

Triumph Regained: The Vietnam War, 1965-1968

重获胜利：越南战争，1965-1968

Within the sporting mega-events literature three key developments exist: 1. Security is performative and symbolic; 2. Security reactivates state authority and legitimacy in developing security responses; 3. Security measures have discernible security 'legacies'. Taking a case study of the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow and the resultant securitization of an existing residential community, this article uses Baudrillard's concepts of hyperreality and simulation (1981) and the 'virtual' (2005) to examine the above developments in depth. It is shown that mega-event securitization operates as a form of hyperreal performativity. For local residents, this heightens perceptions of risk, increases demands for security, and legitimizes security measures which impact on democratic freedoms.

Adam Aitken

Sporting Mega-Event Security in Hyperreality and its Consequences for Democratic Security Governance

超现实主义下的体育盛事安保及其对民主安保治理的影响

The article examines the democratizing effect of the international measures against the backdrop of the changes in the interpretation of Chapter 7 powers of the UN Charter. Particular attention is drawn to the sanctions regime, UN-authorized administrations for its member states and UN-led interim administrations which has recently undergone significant strategic and contextual changes. These changes are best manifested within the transition efforts of Iraq which experienced various forms of international involvement – from comprehensive sanction regime to light footprint approach. Regardless of this "rich experience," the country is far from being called a democratic state with corruption, highly fragmented society and informal institutions in place. The article argues that the obsession with the political process has caused a deficit in the attention paid to genuine problems at the core of the authoritarian rule, highlighting the importance of civilizational factor in the process of democratization.

Marine Kirakosyan

Democratization in the Light of the Evolution of Chapter 7 Powers of the UN Charter: The Case of Iraq

联合国宪章第七章权力演变视角下的民主化：以伊拉克为例

Michal Piechowicz

‘Pooling and Sharing’ and ‘Permanent Structured Cooperation’ as the Current EU’s Defense and Security Integration Modes

“汇集与共享”与“永久结构性合作”作为当前欧盟防务与安全一体化模式

The article consists of three parts. The first contains a theoretical analysis of the phenomenon of US political polarization and discusses the main approaches to its explanation, primarily through the prism of the influence of political elites. The authors note a logical contradiction in the existing concepts, which postulate the existence of an "asymmetry" in the influence of elites on polarization in the United States, arguing that the contribution of the Republicans is more destructive than the contribution of representatives of the Democratic Party. The authors find the growth of political polarization, regardless of party preferences (while noting the importance of elite behavior as one of the central factors of political polarization). The second part examines the phenomenon of affective (or emotional polarization), based on the socio-psychological rejection of representatives of an alien political camp. Based on the results of a network analysis of a two-modal network consisting of pre-election messages and topics selected by the authors themselves, the author notes that all candidates, without exception, are prone to emotional affect as part of their election campaign. The third part is devoted to the study of positional (or ideological) polarization, in which the author, on the basis of Latent Dirichlet Allocation analysis, divides the corpus of campaign messages of candidates into separate topics and, through a comparative analysis, finds a significant distance from "bipartisan" topics (i.e. from the political center) among all candidates.

Andrew Zhdanov

Kirill Kosolapov

Exploring the Polarization of American Elites Based on the Analyses of Candidates’ Statements During the 2020 Presidential Election

基于2020年总统选举候选人言论分析的美国精英阶层极化研究

Abbreviation
Journal Impact	0.87
Quartiles(Global)	POLITICAL SCIENCE(Q3)

ISSN	1555-5860, 1741-9166
h-index	16

Publication Information	Publisher: Taylor and Francis Ltd.，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 2010，Proportion of original research papers: 93.33%，Self Citation Rate:12.50%， Gold OA Rate: 19.30%

Democracy and Security

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Liberty, Security, Digital: The Democratic Production of Illiberal Security Policy in the Case of the Norwegian Bulk Interception Controversy

Under Stalin’s Shadow: A Global History of Greek Communism

Triumph Regained: The Vietnam War, 1965-1968

Sporting Mega-Event Security in Hyperreality and its Consequences for Democratic Security Governance

Democratization in the Light of the Evolution of Chapter 7 Powers of the UN Charter: The Case of Iraq

Liberty, Security, Digital: The Democratic Production of Illiberal Security Policy in the Case of the Norwegian Bulk Interception Controversy

Under Stalin’s Shadow: A Global History of Greek Communism

Triumph Regained: The Vietnam War, 1965-1968

‘Pooling and Sharing’ and ‘Permanent Structured Cooperation’ as the Current EU’s Defense and Security Integration Modes

Exploring the Polarization of American Elites Based on the Analyses of Candidates’ Statements During the 2020 Presidential Election