As the average life expectancy of humans increases, the impact of aging and age-related diseases on our society is also growing. Aging research has now become a focal point for thousands of laboratories, including leaders in genetics, molecular and cellular biology, biochemistry, and behavioral sciences. Ageing Research Reviews aims to fill a significant gap by providing critical reviews and perspectives on new discoveries related to aging mechanisms and age-related diseases. Rapid advancements in understanding the mechanisms that control cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival are leading to new insights into aging regulation. From telomerase to stem cells, and energy and oxidative metabolism, we are entering an exciting new era in the multidisciplinary field of aging research. The cellular and molecular basis for interventions to extend lifespan, such as caloric restriction, is being identified, and new approaches to prevent age-related diseases are being developed. Articles published in Ageing Research Reviews cover a wide range of topics in aging research, focusing on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the aging process and age-related diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders. This journal also discusses the applications of fundamental aging research in extending lifespan and preventing diseases.