The "Boletin de Malariologia y Salud Ambiental" is an academic journal focused on malaria and environmental health, aiming to disseminate relevant research findings and the latest advancements.

《Boletin de Malariologia y Salud Ambiental》是一本专注于疟疾和环境健康领域的学术期刊，旨在传播相关研究成果和最新进展。

Boletin de Malariologia y Salud Ambiental

Leptospirosis is one of the most widespread zoonotic diseases in the world. Patients generally present with a nonspecific self-limited febrile state; however, a variable proportion of cases develop so-called Weil's disease, characterized by jaundice, acute renal failure, bleeding diathesis, and severe pulmonary hemorrhagic syndrome. Synanthropic rodents: Rattus norvegicus, R. rattus and Mus musculus are considered important sources of infection, among which Rattus norvegicus is the main host of L. interrogans serovar Copenhageni, which is one of the most pathogenic Leptospira species for human infections. Given the importance of rodents as a source of infection of pathogenic Leptospira for humans, and due to the lack of pathological information in naturally infected rodents, the objective of this study was to evaluate the degree of infection of this disease in rodents located in the Urbanization La Arborada, Huancayo, Peru. A total of 750 traps were placed inside houses that presented rodent infestation (presence of traits) in 75 points, with 10 traps each per house. From the installation they remained 7 continuous days, with periodic revisions every 24 hours. The results show that three quadrants of the zoning presented a high level of risk with more than 20% trapping. The most common rodents were R. rattus and R. norvegicus. Six areas presented a medium risk level (more than 13%) with a greater presence of M. musculus, and 8 quadrants had a low risk (more than 5%) with a greater presence of M. musculus.

William Gil Castro Paniagua

Boletín de Malariología y Salud Ambiental

Presencia de Leptospira spp, en roedores sinantrópicos en la urbanización La Arborada El Tambor Huancayo, 2021

2021年，在瓦努科市拉阿博拉达埃尔坦博尔城区啮齿动物中检测到钩端螺旋体

Groundwater can be an inexhaustible source for various human activities; but also, very vulnerable to chemical and microbiological contamination, so it must be constantly monitored to know its quality in relation to the different uses made of the aquifers. In turn, the water quality indices (WQI) allow the transmission of information on the quality of the water resource, both to the competent authorities and to the general public, in a simple and concise manner. In the present investigation, three different ICA (weighted Arithmetic ICA, ICA-CCME and ICA-Bhargava) were compared in 32 deep wells in a rural area of the Miranda municipality (Zulia, Venezuela), taking into account the parameters: pH, turbidity, color, total dissolved solids, chloride, sulfate, sodium, total hardness, nitrate+nitrite, total iron, total manganese, total and fecal coliform bacteria. The results highlight that, with respect to the ICA-CCME, 22% of the wells have a "fair" quality, while for the ICA-Bhargava 100% were "average", due to the presence of coliform bacteria. In addition, for the weighted ICA-Arithmetic, 25.0% exhibited a "poor" classification. In general, the weighted ICA-Arithmetic and ICA-CCME revealed that 75% and approximately 16% of the wells, respectively, have adequate conditions for human consumption, while for the ICA-Bhargava, none is suitable for said purpose. This discrepancy between the results of the different ICAs is due to the number and type of parameters considered. However, none of the wells fully accomplished with the permissible limits established by the World Health Organization for human consumption, being unsuitable for this use, therefore, the ICA that best adjusted to the water quality of the area of study was the ICA-Bhargava, since it corresponds to the results shown by the referred norms.

Julio Marín

Comparación de índices de calidad de agua para consumo humano en pozos profundos del municipio miranda (Zulia, Venezuela)

委内瑞拉苏利亚州米兰达市深井饮用水质量指数比较

COVID-19 is an infectious disease that has caused significant rates of morbidity and mortality in the world population, scientific evidence has sought to describe the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2. In Peru, the first case was registered on March 6, 2020. Since then, medical personnel have made efforts to establish an adequate and effective clinical approach. In this context, it was intended to epidemiologically and clinically characterize COVID-19 from 184 positive cases, through a rapid test, treated in the emergency room of the José Casimiro Ulloa Hospital. A descriptive, retrospective and sectional investigation was carried out. As results, the male sex predominated 67.93% (125/184) with an average age of 56 years; compared to the female sex, 32.07% (59/184), with a median of 52 years. For the symptoms, in 100% of the cases fever and dry cough were reported; followed by 46.74% dyspnea and odynophagia, respectively. In turn, 33.5% showed nasal congestion and 21.74% chest pain. Paraclinical examinations showed decreased oxygen saturation (100%), lymphopenia (66.14%), and increased CRP (66.14%). In the TEM, 100% of the patients presented alterations suggestive of COVID-19. In conclusion, in SARS-CoV-2 infection, there is a predominance in males, with a higher incidence between the fourth and fifth decades of life. Fever, dry cough and dyspnea were frequent symptoms. TEM showed pulmonary alterations in all cases, demonstrating high sensitivity for the timely diagnosis of COVID-19.

Walter Florencio Bryson Malca

Olguin Grandez Culqui

Yoni Magali Maita Cruz

Rosa Estrella Pillman Infanson

Características clínicas y epidemiológicas de 184 casos de COVID-19 atendidos en un Hospital de Emergencias José Casimiro Ulloa, Lima, Perú

184例COVID-19患者在秘鲁利马何塞·卡西米罗·乌略亚急诊医院的临床和流行病学特征

The contamination of drinking water with different chemicals and heavy metals, released from different anthropogenic sources, has become a global concern. Contamination of drinking water is a relatively new but steadily increasing problem as a result of population growth, urbanization and industrialization unprecedented since the 1990s, with significant implications for both the environment and human health. Contaminated drinking water and poor sanitation are linked to the transmission of diseases such as cholera, diarrhoea, dysentery and polio. Much research has been done around water and human rights. However, international campaigns for access to drinking water and the campaign against privatization could increase the political priority towards water and force governments and the State to ensure basic water needs. That is why the application of the Health Risk Index is a key element in the detection and definition of priority areas, seeking to evaluate and characterize a resident population based on the health risk exposed. Although the State is responsible for ensuring vulnerability to risks associated with all services, including water, education must start from the youngest, and it is there, where teachers and professors must encourage critical thinking so that the educated can be multiplying entities. In this article, the definitions of critical thinking and reflective practice are analyzed under the collection of information related to the experiences of health risk in the Republic of Peru, going through the basic education teacher to the students, making an analysis of the behavior of this phenomenon in the educational system and finally evaluating critically the national curricular design.

María Teresa Pérez Estrada

Rafael Garay Argandoña

Ronald M. Hernández

Autodesarrollo del pensamiento crítico y la práctica reflexiva en docentes de educación primaria con vivencias de riesgo sanitario

小学教师在卫生风险经历中批判性思维和反思实践的自我发展

Amoebiasis is a parasitic infection caused by the intestinal protozoan Entamoeba histolytica. Globally, an estimated 40 million people are infected annually, although these estimates are confounded by the inclusion of the morphologically identical but non-pathogenic species such as Entamoeba dispar. Infection with E. histolytica occurs when mature cysts are ingested, usually through fecally contaminated food or water, more frequently in the developing world. When the parasite reaches the small intestine, excystation occurs, releasing trophozoites that then penetrate the colonic mucosa. Clinical features of symptomatic amoebic infection may include blood and mucus in diarrheal stools, which are phenotypes of dysentery; in some cases, the parasite invades the liver and forms abscesses that can occur months or years after traveling to or residing in a geographic region where amoebiasis is endemic. Amebic liver abscesses are the most common site of extraintestinal infection, occurring in less than 1% of E. histolytica infections. In this sense, this work seeks to establish cases of colitis and amoebic liver abscess without determined epidemiological history in the IESS Ambato Hospital, Ambato, Ecuador in order to establish appropriate diagnostic methodology and establish the corresponding health protocols. The data obtained showed that male patients had a higher incidence (66.31% of the cases studied), and the most affected age group was between 40 and 49 years of age. The diagnosis could have been obtained at times less than 10 days, but in some cases, it reached more than 30 days.

Lino Arturo Rojas Pérez

Blanca Herminia Cruz Basantes

Colitis y absceso hepático amebiano sin antecedentes epidemiológicos

阿米巴性结肠炎和肝脓肿无流行病学史

The export quality of ginger and gastroprotective activity against Helicobacter pylori is essential for the contribution to national and international public health. The objective was to determine the quality and gastroprotective activity against Helicobacter pylori of fresh ginger for export from a Peruvian agricultural company. The research was descriptive-experimental. As an instrument, a survey of 20 items was applied to 30 workers to know the export quality, to know the nutritional components, extraction was carried out with supercritical fluid-SFE, with CO2 at different conditions of temperature and pressure and for the gastroprotective activity 35 mice were used. males of the Swiss albino strain (35 ± 5 g), inoculated with H. pylori who were administered a solution with ginger extract at concentrations 80% v/v (G1), 50% v/v (G2) and 20 %v/v (G3). The data was stored in Microsoft Excel and processed with Epidat 3.0, showing it in tables and figures. As a result, 85.71% indicated that the cultivation time was met, 80.00% supervised the climate, 82.86% pest control, 74.29% humidity and 57.14% the soil pH, Regarding the nutritional composition in 10000mg of ginger, carbohydrates occupied the majority (9000mg), it was possible to show that the lesions in the intestinal mucosa of the G1 group was 11.89%, finding 85.71% reduction in lesions, despite this, no significant statistical association was found (X2: 1,400, p: 04966), therefore, it is necessary to continue with in vivo investigations.

Jenifer Yajaira Veliz Neyra

Calidad y actividad gastroprotectora ante Helicobacter pylori del jengibre fresco para exportación

生姜出口的新鲜品质及其对幽门螺杆菌的胃保护作用

COVID-19, apart from its profound health impact, has significantly modified the way people view life, from facing this limiting reality of the patient who can debate between life and death, to variable realities of those who do not suffer from it. or especially, of those who contribute to the healing processes by providing their accompaniment. The research is of a correlational type, based on evaluating the relationship between psychological well-being and coping strategies in positive COVID-19 patients, carried out from May to October 2021. It was carried out at the Huaycán hospital, taking an intentional sample of 104 COVID-19 positive patients. Nursing staff were previously instructed in psycho-emotional support techniques, as well as biosafety techniques, and received bimonthly psychological support. It was concluded that the support of the nursing staff contributed to the development of effective coping styles and strategies for the remission of the disease, but this, in turn, was significantly contributed by the training process and psychological support received by the nurses. , in whom this support substantially improved their mental health, after the completion of the investigation.

Verónica Guerra-Panduro

Relación enfermera/paciente COVID-19 en desarrollo estrategias de afrontamiento efectivas e influencia psicológica

COVID-19护士/患者关系中的有效应对策略发展及心理影响

Chagas disease is a parasitic pathology that affects millions of people in Latin America, currently being found in the territory of Peru as a serious public health problem. As an objective, a study on the spatial distribution and cluster analysis of Chagas disease in Peru 2015-2020 was carried out. The research was retrospective descriptive during the period 2015-2020. As a data collection instrument, the secondary database of the notification sheets of the Ministry of Health of Peru with specifications according to the Epidemiological Bulletin 2015-2020 and the reports of the situational room-CDC were used. The data was stored in Microsoft Excel and maps were made for each year with Bing ©Microsoft Technology, OpenStreetMap to know the spatial distribution and the conglomerates. As a result, a total of 301 cases of Chagas disease were reported throughout the territory, being distributed in 40.53% (122/301) in 2015, 16.28% (49/301) 2016, 11.63% (35/301) 2017, 9.30% (28/301) 2018, 14.95% (45/301) 2019 and 7.31% (22/301) in 2020 respectively, regarding the spatial distribution, Arequipa was the department with the highest number of cases of Chagas disease in the period 2015-2020, followed by Amazonas with and San Martín with 18. Finally, the cluster map of Chagas disease showed a wide geographic distribution, compromising departments such as Cajamarca, Loreto, San Martin, Ucayali and Ayacucho. In conclusion, it is suggested to reinforce and implement prevention and control measures in these areas to reduce the burden of the disease.

Cesar Augusto Mendivel Geronimo

Distribución espacial y análisis de conglomerados de la enfermedad de Chagas en Perú 2015-2020

秘鲁2015-2020年恰加斯病空间分布与聚类分析

Cheese made from processed milk is a product of great importance worldwide that has been implicated in the transmission of diseases. As an objective, it was proposed to evaluate the microbiological quality of cheese production in a company certified in good manufacturing, hygiene and sanitation practices, during the period January-March, 2022. The study was descriptive-cross-sectional. The sample consisted of a cheese production unit. As a data collection instrument, the criteria established by DIGESA (2016) of 14 components were applied and samples were taken for microbiological analysis through the swabbing and rinsing method at different points of the company. The data collected was stored in Microsoft Excel and descriptive statistics to calculate the averages, ranges and percentages. As a result, they fulfilled 100.00% with the components of location (7/7), lighting (5/5), ventilation (8/8), water supply and others, while the personnel component obtained only 69, 23% (9/13), in addition, there was 100.00% application in refrigeration parameters, impurity, organoleptic, density, acidity, pH, among others, rejecting 109.03 in liters in miles of raw material that did not reach to the criteria of the tests, 55.67 CFU/boot of Escherichia coli (Permissible limit ≤1) were found in worker's boots, 45.38 CFU/cm2 molds and yeasts (Permissible limit ≤3) on walls and 124.83 Mesophilic aerobic CFU/refrigerator (Permissible limit ≤20) in refrigerator. It is necessary to join efforts to reassess the entire production process of silver cheese silver and identify the source of microbiological contamination.

Luis Manuel Romero Sucuytana

Evaluación microbiológica de la producción de queso en una empresa certificada en buenas prácticas de manufactura, higiene y saneamiento

认证企业在良好制造、卫生和清洁实践下的奶酪生产微生物学评估

Peru is a megadiverse country that presents a great variety of natural and cultural manifestations in Section 2 of the South Interoceanic highway, where exposure to disease-transmitting vectors could be a public health problem. As an objective, it was proposed to determine the risk due to vector entomofauna in ecotourism areas in Peru, 2019. The study was descriptive-experimental, cross-sectional. As an instrument, a categorization system of tourist places, a tourist survey applied to 223 visitors and an entomological survey in seven (7) places along the route were applied. All the data was stored in a Microsoft Excel database and processed with Epidat 3.0, in order to know indices, percentages and frequencies. As a result, the weighting (Total Diversity x PCN) was 6.00 for the CAT. 1, 5.28 CAT. 3, 3.50 CAT. 5, 3.00 CAT. 4 and 1.20 CAT. 2, in the tourist survey it was possible to know that 86.55% of the visitors traveled section 2 of the southern interoceanic highway due to the diversity of flora and fauna and 63.23% due to the diversity of vegetation and landscapes, on the other hand, 348 vectors were collected, 21.84% were Aedes Aegypti, 18.10% P. humanus var. capitis, 16.67% Aedes albopictus, 15.23 Culex sp., 10.92% Anopheles sp., 10.34% Lutzomyia spp., 4.89% Xenopsylla cheopis. and 2.01% Pastrongylus sp. Based on the findings, it is necessary to activate preventive strategies in the transmission of vector diseases, as long as Peru is a beautiful and exciting tourist destination, there will be potential health risks.

ISSN	1690-4648
h-index	11

Publication Information	Publisher: Instituto de Altos Estudios "Dr. Arnoldo Gabaldon"，Publishing cycle: Semiannual，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 2010，Proportion of original research papers: 0.00%，Self Citation Rate:N.A.， Gold OA Rate: 0.00%
Average recruitment ratio	网友分享经验：容易

Boletin de Malariologia y Salud Ambiental

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