每期出版双月刊，提供对该领域关键发展的独特而广泛的视角，每期《当前 HIV 和 AIDS 观点》均包含我们专家编辑团队精心挑选的评论文章。全年出版了六个学科——包括 HIV 与老龄化、HIV 疫苗和流行病学——每期还包含注释参考，详细说明最重要论文的优点。

Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS is a bimonthly journal that aims to provide unique and comprehensive perspectives on key developments in the field of HIV and AIDS. Each issue features carefully selected review articles by our expert editorial team, covering six disciplines including HIV and aging, HIV vaccines, and epidemiology. Additionally, each issue includes annotated references that detail the strengths of the most significant papers.

《Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS》是一本双月刊，旨在提供对HIV和艾滋病领域关键发展的独特而广泛的视角。每期都包含由我们专家编辑团队精心挑选的评论文章，涵盖六个学科，包括HIV与老龄化、HIV疫苗和流行病学。此外，每期还附有注释参考，详细说明最重要论文的优点。

Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS

The discovery of broadly neutralizing HIV-1 antibodies (bNAbs) has provided a framework for vaccine design and created new hope toward an HIV-1 cure. These antibodies recognize the HIV-1 Envelope and inhibit viral fusion with unprecedented breadth and potency. Beyond their unique neutralization capacity, bNAbs also activate immune cells and interfere with viral spread through nonneutralizing activities. Here, we review the landscape of bNAbs functions and their contribution to clinical efficacy.Parallel evaluation of bNAbs nonneutralizing activities using in vivo and in vitro models have revealed how their importance varies across antibodies and strains. Nonneutralizing bNAbs functions target both infected cells and viral particles, leading to their destruction through various mechanisms. Reservoir targeting and prevention in context of suboptimal neutralization highly depends on bNAbs polyfunctionality. We recently showed that bNAbs tether virions at the surface of infected cells, impairing release and forming immune complexes, with consequences that are still to be understood.Nonneutralizing activities of bNAbs target infected cells, virions, and immune complexes, promoting viral clearance and possibly improving immune responses. We review how these functions participate to the efficacy of bNAbs and how they can be manipulated to improve bNAbs therapies.

Lou-Léna Vrignaud

Olivier Schwartz

Timothée Bruel

Polyfunctionality of broadly neutralizing HIV-1 antibodies

广谱中和HIV-1抗体的多功能性

Purpose of review This review summarizes available data for lenacapavir, an investigational first-in-class agent that disrupts functioning of HIV capsid protein across multiple steps in the viral life cycle. Recent findings Lenacapavir demonstrated picomolar potency in vitro with no cross resistance to existing antiretroviral classes and potent antiviral activity in persons with HIV-1. In persons with HIV-1, there was no preexisting resistance to lenacapavir regardless of treatment history. Lenacapavir can be administered orally either daily or weekly and subcutaneously up to every 6 months. In heavily treatment-experienced persons with multidrug-resistant HIV-1 and in treatment-naive persons with HIV-1, lenacapavir in combination with other antiretroviral agents led to high rates of virologic suppression and was well tolerated. Summary Ongoing studies are evaluating long-acting dosing of lenacapavir for treating HIV-1 in combination with other antiretrovirals and preventing HIV-1 as a single agent.

Hadas Dvory-Sobol

Naveed Shaik

Christian Callebaut

Martin S. Rhee

Lenacapavir: a first-in-class HIV-1 capsid inhibitor

Lenacapavir：一种新型HIV-1衣壳抑制剂

Purpose of review The exosomes play a critical role in HIV infection, which constitute a pathway to release intracellular material and exchange material and information between cells. Exosomes have become a hotspot in the field of AIDS research. This review introduces the formation process of HIV particles and exosomes, and summarizes the role of exosomes in the progression of HIV disease from multiple aspects. Recent findings Many components of the exosomes involved in HIV transfer and replication affect the occurrence, development, and outcome of AIDS, and are closely related to HIV infection. Exosomes can have a dual impact on HIV infection, and play an important role in activating the latent reservoir of HIV and affecting the chronic inflammation of HIV. The biological information carried by exosomes is also of great significance for the prediction of HIV disease. Summary The present review summarizes the role of exosomes in HIV disease progression in various aspects in order to further understand the underlying mechanism affecting the infection and providing a new idea for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of AIDS.

Jing Chen

Chuanyun Li

Rong Li

Huan Chen

Dexi Chen

Weihua Li

Exosomes in HIV infection

HIV感染中的外泌体

Purpose of review While post-treatment control following interruption of standard-of-care antiretroviral therapy (ART) is well described, post-intervention control following immunotherapy in HIV cure-related clinical trials is less well understood. We provide an overview of recent studies that have identified post-intervention controllers and review the mechanisms that may drive this biologically important phenotype. Recent findings Post-intervention controllers have been identified in recent immunotherapy trials testing broadly neutralizing antibodies, immune modulators, modified T cells, checkpoint inhibitors, and gene therapy administered individually or in combination. Currently, there is substantial variability in how each trial defines post-intervention control, as well as in how the mechanisms underlying such control are evaluated. Such mechanisms include ongoing activity of both exogenous and autologous antibodies, as well as changes in HIV-specific T cell function. Summary While no therapeutic strategy to date has succeeded in definitively inducing HIV control, many studies have identified at least a small number of post-intervention controllers. The field would benefit from a standardized approach to defining and reporting this phenotype, as well as standardization in the approach to assessment of how it is achieved. Such efforts would allow for comparisons across clinical trials and could help accelerate efforts toward an HIV cure.

Demi A. Sandel

Rachel L. Rutishauser

Michael J. Peluso

Post-intervention control in HIV immunotherapy trials

HIV免疫治疗试验中的干预后控制

Purpose of review Long-lasting HIV remission has been reported in a small group of people with HIV (PWH) following allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplants (HSCT) for the treatment of hematologic malignancies. While the mechanisms of HIV remission following release from antiretroviral therapy (ART) were not initially known, subsequent findings from clinical cases and preclinical nonhuman primate studies have implicated mechanisms of clearance. Here, we review the six currently published human cases of long-term ART-free HIV remission. Recent findings Since the first report of ART-free HIV remission following HSCT, five subsequent cases of HSCT-induced sustained HIV remission have been published. While the pre- and posttransplant treatment conditions vary greatly, all but one received cells from donors homozygous for a 32 bp deletion in the gene that encodes CCR5 ( ccr5Δ32 ), the major HIV coreceptor. Studies in nonhuman primates and the newest published individual suggest that while CCR5 deficiency can protect donor cells from infection early posttransplant, it is not required for long term remission, as ablation of the viral reservoir is likely due to allogeneic immunity mediating a graft-versus-reservoir response. Summary Studies of HSCT in PLWH and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected monkeys show that those with durable remission are likely cured, demonstrated by complete ablation of the replication-competent HIV reservoir, gradual loss of anti-HIV immunity, and greater than 5 years of aviremia.

Megan Cleary

Lishomwa C. Ndhlovu

Jonah B. Sacha

Stem cell transplantation and allogeneic immunity: post treatment control or HIV cure?

干细胞移植与同种异体免疫：治疗后控制还是艾滋病治愈？

Purpose of review This review explores the viral reservoir landscape in individuals who control viral replication after treatment interruption (TI), designated as post-treatment controllers (PTCs). Identifying their virologic features is crucial to inform drug-free HIV remission strategies. Recent findings Traditionally characterized as small, likely due to early treatment, the viral reservoir of PTCs, after TI, exhibits limited transcriptional activity, residual viral replication and subsequent proviral diversity. Intact proviruses are found to be restricted. In nonhuman primate PTCs, this depletion of intact proviruses is already observed in lymph nodes before TI, suggesting that control mechanisms begin during antiretroviral therapy. Furthermore, recent studies suggest immune-driven proviral deep latency associated with repressive epigenetic features and integration sites in PTCs. While molecular mapping of virological features of PTCs is increasingly precise and coupled with in-depth immunologic assays, robust predictive biomarkers of PTCs are still lacking. Summary Despite limited sample sizes and heterogeneous definitions, common virologic features of PTCs include restricted reservoir size and transcriptional activity, fewer intact proviruses and deep proviral latency. Ongoing research using innovative technologies will further elucidate the mechanisms underlying post-treatment control, paving the way for successful HIV cure interventions.

Caroline Charre

Yanis Merad

Véronique Avettand-Fenoel

HIV-1 reservoir landscape of post-treatment control

HIV-1治疗后控制者的病毒库景观

Caroline Foster

Bridging the gaps in perinatal HIV: treatment and prevention

弥合围产期艾滋病的治疗与预防差距

Purpose of review We focus on the different classes of biological molecules measurable in easily accessible bodily fluids that have the potential to serve as biomarkers for the HIV post-treatment controller (PTC) phenotype and/or the timing of viral rebound after stopping antiretroviral therapy (ART). Recent findings Various viral components and host factors measurable in body fluids can play crucial roles in understanding and predicting the PTC phenotype. We review recent findings linking viral components, the quantitative and qualitative features of antibodies (including autologous HIV-specific antibodies), markers of inflammation and tissue damage, other host proteins (including hormones such as sex hormones), as well as metabolites, extracellular vesicles, and cell-free DNA to HIV control post-ART interruption. Several of these molecules can or have the potential to predict the time and probability of viral rebound after stopping ART and are biologically active molecules that can directly or indirectly (by modulating immune pressures) impact the size and activity of HIV reservoirs during and post-ART interruption. Summary A comprehensive model combining multiple markers is needed to predict the PTC phenotype. This model can be leveraged to predict and understand the PTC phenotype, which can guide novel curative interventions to replicate this phenotype in post-treatment non-controllers.

短名	Curr. Opin. HIV. AIDS.
Journal Impact	4.43
国际分区	INFECTIOUS DISEASES(Q1)
期刊索引	SCI Q2中科院 3 区

ISSN	1746-630X, 1746-6318
h-index	78
国内分区	医学(3区)医学免疫学(3区)医学传染病学(3区)

涉及主题	医学生物免疫学病毒学家庭医学人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）遗传学内科学病毒病理化学生物化学计算机科学病毒载量抗逆转录病毒疗法免疫系统心理学重症监护医学生物信息学环境卫生精神科
出版信息	出版商: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins Ltd.，出版周期: ，期刊类型: journal，开源期刊: 否
基本数据	创刊年份: 2007，原创研究文献占比: 0.00%，自引率:2.20%， Gold OA占比: 25.58%
平均审稿周期	网友分享经验：较慢,6-12周

Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS

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Polyfunctionality of broadly neutralizing HIV-1 antibodies

Lenacapavir: a first-in-class HIV-1 capsid inhibitor

Exosomes in HIV infection

Post-intervention control in HIV immunotherapy trials

Stem cell transplantation and allogeneic immunity: post treatment control or HIV cure?

Stem cell transplantation and allogeneic immunity: post treatment control or HIV cure?

HIV-1 reservoir landscape of post-treatment control

Post-intervention control in HIV immunotherapy trials

Bridging the gaps in perinatal HIV: treatment and prevention

Soluble markers of viral rebound and post-treatment HIV control