Sport, Ethics and Philosophy

A number of sport philosophers have noted the potential of sport as meaningful narrative and storytelling. While these arguments are convincing, they fail to acknowledge that not all athletes experience sport in the same way, and that, in fact, many are marginalized based on their identity. This essay focuses on the marginalization of women athletes, in particular elite women athletes, in the narrative of sport. The most common athletic narratives serve to exclude women and remind female athletes of their secondary status. First, I establish the role of narrative and storytelling in sport. Secondly, I argue that gendered narratives pose a problem for women athletes—including both narratives intended to empower female athletes and narratives intended to compare male and female athletes. Finally, I conclude that because of this, feminist narratives in sport are necessary in order to better advance sport.

Colleen English

Sport Ethics and Philosophy

Elite Women Athletes and Feminist Narrative in Sport

精英女运动员与体育中的女性主义叙事

ABSTRACT Throughout 2019, retired athletes Martina Navratilova (tennis), Sharron Davies (swimming), Kelly Holmes (athletics) and Paula Radcliffe (marathon) all spoke publically about what they perceive to be the unfairness of trans women competing in women’s elite sport. These successful athletes, all with a history of growing and promoting women’s sport, were simultaneously celebrated for sharing their thoughts on a complex issue, and labelled transphobic for expressing anti-inclusive and transphobic views. Navratilova, particularly, despite her long history of fighting for inclusion and to end homophobia in sport, faced a severe backlash for expressing anti-trans rhetoric. This paper examines the concept of allyship in the context of inclusion and fairness in sport. Conceptual clarification of what allyship involves and requires precedes an examination of whether athletes should be obliged to promote inclusive sport. I argue that elite women athletes have an obligation to promote women’s sport, but not one that extends as far as a requirement to actively act as allies. To support this conclusion, I argue that: 1) past and present trans athlete eligibility rules endorsed by the IOC are problematic; 2) the typical arguments from unfairness and performance advantages fail to demonstrate why trans athletes should not be welcome to compete; but 3) a requirement of allyship requires more from women athletes than we can reasonably expect. Being mandated to act as an ally, without full commitment, does more harm than good. Athletes thus are entitled to express their views, but sports organizations should be responsible for providing education to all athletes on the science and ethics of trans athlete inclusion.

Sarah Teetzel

Allyship in Elite Women’s Sport

精英女子体育中的盟友关系

A. A. Makitov

Y. C. Vanlandewijck

M. J. McNamee

Intentional misrepresentation of abilities in Paralympic sport: a conceptual, ethical and legal analysis

残奥会运动中有意虚报能力：概念、伦理和法律分析

This paper contributes to the development of psychoanalytical theory in sport philosophy. It addresses the work of Carl Jung and notes the paucity of discussion on his thinking in the realm of sport. Jung's thought is proposed as a fertile realm for analysis of action sports through a case study of skateboarding. The archetype of the trickster is presented as a productive trope to frame skateboarding and attend to some of its conceptual ambiguities. Addressing symbolism, the taxonomy of skateboarding is presented as liminal, corresponding to attention between the poles of polluted urban streets and the effervescent lightness of the air. The trickster archetype is further explored in the frame of urban sociology and the collective unconscious, and through the therapeutic possibilities of skateboarding as a tool in individuation. The article concludes by highlighting the potential for Jung's thought in further discussion on action sport and sport more broadly.

Paul O’Connor

The Application of Carl Jung’s Thinking to Action Sports: A Skateboarding Case Study

卡尔·荣格思想在极限运动中的应用：以滑板为例的研究

Miroslav Imbrišević

Is sport a human right (for transgender athletes)?

体育是（跨性别运动员的）人权吗？

Nick Gibbs

Timothy Piatkowski

Luke Turnock

Down the greasy slope: the fatal contradictions of anti-doping

滑向油腻斜坡：反兴奋剂的致命矛盾

In this paper I look at the reasons for implementing VAR and the effect that it has had on the fans of soccer (football) in particular. I begin with a discussion of why VAR has been adopted in sports in general and in soccer specifically. I then discuss the notion of 'flow sports' and try to develop at taxonomy for classifying sports in terms of the relative importance of flow. Following this, I discuss the effect of VAR implementation on flow sports in general before examining the effect of VAR on the fan experience in soccer, a game which I characterize as one of the purist examples of team flow sports. Finally, I discuss the effect of VAR on the fan experience of flow when watching sports. My main contention is that VAR, at least in its current forms, represents an erosion of the flow experience in matches which impoverishes the fan experience. In light of the perceived benefits of VAR for match officiating, I doubt that it will be going away anytime soon. The best that we can hope for is that it evolves so as to cause minimal disruption to the flow in flow sports.

Gary Foster

VAR and flow in soccer (football): changes to the fan experience

VAR与足球（足球）中的流畅性：球迷体验的变化

Abbreviation	Sport. Ethics. Philos.
Journal Impact	1.40
Quartiles(Global)	ETHICS(Q2)

ISSN	1751-1321, 1751-133X
h-index	24

Publication Information	Publisher: Routledge，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 2007，Proportion of original research papers: 100.00%，Self Citation Rate:18.80%， Gold OA Rate: 29.35%

Sport, Ethics and Philosophy

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Elite Women Athletes and Feminist Narrative in Sport

Allyship in Elite Women’s Sport

Intentional misrepresentation of abilities in Paralympic sport: a conceptual, ethical and legal analysis

The Application of Carl Jung’s Thinking to Action Sports: A Skateboarding Case Study

Is sport a human right (for transgender athletes)?

Intentional misrepresentation of abilities in Paralympic sport: a conceptual, ethical and legal analysis

The Application of Carl Jung’s Thinking to Action Sports: A Skateboarding Case Study

Down the greasy slope: the fatal contradictions of anti-doping

Is sport a human right (for transgender athletes)?

VAR and flow in soccer (football): changes to the fan experience