Acta Scientiarum - Animal Sciences

The aim of the study was to evaluate the performance and physiological responses of juvenile tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) fed diets containing pequi oil (Caryocar brasiliense, Camb). A total of 240 juveniles were observed, with an average weight of 17.91±4.87g, distributed in 20 boxes with a capacity of 500 liters each, in a completely randomized design with five treatments and four replications, containing 12 fish per replication. Five isoprotein diets (41% of crude protein) containing increasing levels of pequi oil (0.5, 1.5, 2.0, 3.8 and 5.5%) were assessed. The animals were kept in a water recirculation system, equipped with a filter, forced aeration, and a 12-hour photoperiod. To evaluate the performance, survival rate, weight gain, feed conversion, specific growth rate, protein efficiency rate, hepatosomatic index, and digestive-somatic index were analyzed. For physiological responses, hematological parameters and indexes, and differential leukocyte counts were determined. The concentration of serum protein, albumin, and globulin was also determined at the end of a 60-day period. There was no effect of the inclusion of pequi oil on weight gain, feed conversion, and protein efficiency rate (p ˃ 0.05). The specific growth rate was significantly different (p ˂ 0.05) with the reduction of treatments. An increase in the hepatosomatic index was observed in the treatments, with significant differences (p ˂ 0.05) and a linear increase, resulting in evidence of a lack of essential fatty acids. Hematocrit values showed no differences, but discrepancies were observed (p ˂ 0.05) for the number of erythrocytes, which, however, remained within the reference values for the species. The hematometric ratios also showed differences between treatments (p ˂ 0.05), remaining within the reference values, not characterizing an anemic condition in the animals. The increase in serum protein levels suggests that pequi oil starts to act as an immunostimulant. However, the use of pequi oil in juvenile tambaqui was not able to guarantee an efficient growth rate.

Alysson Soares da Rocha

Rodrigo Diana Navarro

Acta Scientiarum Animal Sciences

Ingles Performance and physiological response of juvenile tambaqui (Colossoma Macropomum, Curvier 1818) feeding with pequi oil (Caryocar Brasiliense, Camb)

幼年巨骨舌鱼（Colossoma Macropomum, Curvier 1818）饲喂佩基油（Caryocar Brasiliense, Camb）的性能与生理反应

This study aimed to evaluate the nutrient intake, milk production, and production costs of dairy goats fed diets containing the rations with cactus cladodes (Opuntia stricta or Nopalea cochenillifera) associated with silage (Sorghum bicolor) or Tifton hay (Cynodon spp). Twelve pluriparous Saanen and Anglo Nubiana goats (42.25 ± 5.48 kg) at eight weeks of lactation were used. Treatments lasted 60 days, consisting of four periods of 15 days, distributed in three Latin square (4×4) with four diets. The treatments represented by diets with different associated feed: SSOP (Sorghum Silage + Opuntia); THOP (Tifton hay + Opuntia); SSNO (Sorghum Silage + Nopalea); and THNO (Tifton hay + Nopalea), in addition to concentrate in all diets. There were differences (p &lt; 0.05) for the intakes of DM, OM, with higher values observed for goats fed the diets THNO, THOP, and SSNO, and for CP, NDF and ADF were higher for THNO and SSNO diets. Similar behavior occurred for voluntary and total water intake. The milk production and feed efficiency did not differ (p &gt; 0.05). Costs with food, milk revenue, and gross revenue were not influenced by diets (p &gt; 0.05). The Opuntia or Nopalea cactus cladodes genotypes associated with sorghum silage or tifton hay can be used to feed dairy goats in the semiarid region.

José Geraldo Medeiros da Silva

Lázaro Henrique de Medeiros Santos

Hildelblano Pereira da Silva

Gustavo José Azevedo Medeiros da Silva

Daniel Barros Cardoso

Guilherme Ferreira da Costa Lima

Airon Aparecido Silva de Melo

Nutrients intake, milk production, and production costs of dairy goats fed with high proportions of cactus cladodes genotypes Opuntia and Nopalea in association with different forage sources

营养摄入、奶产量及生产成本：饲喂高比例仙人掌茎节（Opuntia和Nopalea）与不同饲草来源组合的奶山羊

Tilapia masculinization can be induced by oral administration of α-methyltestosterone (MT), which is commonly dissolved in ethanol to be added to the feed. However, there are many benefits in using alternative vehicles, such as oil. The incorporation time, vehicles quantity, safety for handlers, fish and the environment are favorable factors. In fry fed for 35 days under temperature control, we found that masculinization rate was similar in both incorporation vehicles of MT (oil or ethanol) in the concentrations studied (30 and 60 mg MT kg-1 feed). In an experiment, using hormone oil dissolution and oral administration at 30 mg MT kg-1 feed, it was observed that the longer the administration time, the lower the coefficient of variation in the masculinization rate. Therefore, administration for 32 days showed the lowest variability in the masculinization rate (99.8 ± 0.5 %), compared to 24 (98.5 ± 3.0 %), 16 (97.0 ± 6.0 %) and 8 (89.0 ± 8.8 %) days. The field experiment confirmed the results obtained in the lab. We concluded that the oil can be used as MT vehicle and we recommend to dispense it at the lowest hormonal concentration (30 mg MT kg-1 feed) for 32 days for tilapia masculinization.

Érika do Carmo Ota

Luís Antônio Kioshi Aoki Inoue

Tarcila Souza de Castro Silva

Concentration and time of feeding with 17-α-methyltestosterone oil diluted and incorporated to the feed for masculinization of Nile tilapia

尼罗罗非鱼雄性化饲料中17-α-甲基睾酮油稀释与掺入的投喂浓度和时间

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of palm kernel cake and ram effect on reproductive activity of postpartum and lactating ewes. Twenty multiparous ewes, five to eleven days postpartum, were separated into four different treatments: control, control-ram, palm and palm-ram. Body weight, difference in body weight recorded between days 0 and 42 of the experiment, diameter of the largest follicle at day zero of the study, number of ewes bearing a corpus luteum and pregnancy rate were measured in ewes. Average daily weight gain was measured in lambs. There was no effect (p ≥ 0.05) of palm kernel supplementation, ram stimulation, or their interactions on the weights of ewes and lambs. A greater number of ewes with corpus luteum (p &lt; 0.05) were observed in ewes stimulated by rams than those not stimulated. The number of pregnant ewes was not affected by ram effect or palm kernel supplementation (p ≥ 0.05). In conclusion, the use of the ram effect increases the incidence of corpus luteum in postpartum and lactating ewes. In addition, palm kernel cake in the diet does not affect body weight of postpartum ewes and lambs.

Lorenzo Buenabad-Carrasco

Juan Sicairos-Díaz

Paulina Vázquez-Mendoza

Brooke Latack

Raymundo Rodríguez De Lara

Juan González Maldonado

Lamb weight gain and reproductive performance of post-partum ewes supplemented with palm kernel cake and sexual stimulated by a ram

羔羊体重增加及产后母羊补充棕榈仁饼和公羊性刺激后的繁殖性能

An experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of in ovo feeding of black cumin extract (BC) on the intestinal morphology and physiological responses of broilers thermally challenged during incubation. The study involved the use of seven hundred Marshall broiler hatching eggs, which were assigned to 7 in ovo feeding treatments at embryonic day 17.5, as follows: eggs injected with 8 mg (EN), 6 mg (SN), 4 mg (FN), 2 mg (TN)BC, no in ovo feeding (NI), 0.9 % saline solution (SS), and 3 mg vitamin C (VC). Juvenile growth performance, plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), triiodothyronine (T3), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and haematological and serum biochemical indices were evaluated. The results revealed that the juvenile growth performance of SN birds was better than those of the NI, SS, FN and TN groups. The plasma SOD and T3 of the birds of SN and VC were significantly higher (p &lt; 0.05) than the chickens of NI and SS treatments. The ileal crypt depth recorded in SN birds was lower (p &lt; 0.05) compared to SS and NI values. To conclude, in ovo black cumin extract enhanced the gut health and lymphoid organs of broiler chickens with no pronounced effect on the thermotolerance of the birds at market age.

Omolayo Bose Oyelola

Oluwaseun Serah Iyasere

Oluwagbemiga Olanrewaju Adeleye

Oyegunle Emmanuel Oke

The influence of in ovo feeding of black cumin extract on the physiological responses of broilers under hot tropical environments

热热带环境下胚胎期饲喂黑孜然提取物对肉鸡生理反应的影响

This study evaluated the zootechnical performance, egg quality, and behavior of Japanese quails in the laying phase housed in cages of different densities and with or without environmental enrichment. A total of 224 quail were used and distributed into two groups: one with a housing density of 122.7 cm2 bird-1 and one with a housing density of 157.8 cm2 bird-1, each with and without environmental enrichment. The results showed that environmental enrichment did not influence the zootechnical performance parameters of the quail. However, housing density independently affected performance, except for egg mass and bird viability. A lower density (157.8 cm2 bird-1) resulted in greater specific egg weight, albumen percentage, and shell thickness. The interaction between density and environmental enrichment revealed that eggs from quail housed at higher density without enrichment had a greater yolk percentage, while quails housed at lower density without enrichment had a greater shell percentage. The tonic immobility time of the quails was not affected by treatment with different densities or environmental enrichment agents. It can be concluded that a lower housing density, with seven quail per cage (157.8 cm2 bird-1), regardless of environmental enrichment, provides better zootechnical performance and egg quality.

Marcílio José Vieira

Michele de Oliveira Mendonça

Jean Kaique Valentim

Damares de Castro Fidélis Toledo

Steferson dos Reis Oliveira

Samuel Oliveira Borges

Impact of different housing densities combined with Environmental enrichment on the production of Japanese quail

不同饲养密度结合环境富集对日本鹌鹑生产性能的影响

This research evaluated the effects of diets containing or not containing deactivated soybean sums on productive performance, carcass attributes, carcass ultrasound, and feed cost in confined heifers with 1/2 Nellore-Angus blood. We used blood from 60 1/2 Nellore-Angus heifers aged 2 or 25 years with a body weight of 404.62 kg. A completely randomized design was used, in which the animals were divided into 2 experimental groups: Cont (concentrated for semi feedlot without added deactivated soybean) and Bocchi (concentrated for semi feedlot with the addition of deactivated soybeans). There was no significant difference in the final weight between the experimental groups or for the consumption of concentrate in the evaluation periods. However, heifers supplemented with deactivated soybean in the diet showed greater daily weight gain than did those in the Cont group, as well as greater carcass weight, arrobas gain, and carcass yield. Bocchi concentrate was less expensive than Cont (U$ 7.26 ton-1). The addition of deactivated soybean for finishing cattle is indicated because it provided the animals with higher energy intake and positively influenced the productive performance as a final weight gain greater than that of the feed without adding the deactivated soybean in addition to lower production cost.

Orlando Filipe Costa Marques

Euclides Reuter de Oliveira

Jefferson Rodrigues Gandra

Alexandre Rodrigo Mendes Fernandes

Andréa Maria de Araújo Gabriel

Janaina Tayna Silva

Nathálie Ferreira Neves

Soy deactivated in semi feedlot diets for heifers 1/2 angus-Nellore

半饲喂场饮食中对1/2安格斯-内洛尔小母牛的豆类灭活

Thalassemia is one of the most important genetic haemolytic diseases that cause the breakdown of red blood cells (RBCs) in patients with β-Thalassemia major. The body does not produce enough haemoglobin, which is an important part of RBCs. When there is not enough haemoglobin, RBCs do not function properly in the body, so the condition continues for short periods of time. The current studies aimed to determine the extent of the impact of β-Thalassemia major on some hormonal variables in the serum of 80 patients (40 males and 40 females) aged between (1-15) years, in addition to 20 healthy children of the same age range and of both sexes, who were considered as a control group. The results of this study showed a significant increase in the concentration of erythropoietin (EPO) by 187% in the serum of patients with β-Thalassemia major compared to healthy of both sexes, with an increase of 188 in males and 183% in females. The highest significant increase was in the age group of (11-15) years in males and females compared to healthy control. The results also showed a significant decrease in the concentration of hepcidin and growth hormones in the serum of patients with a decrease of 55 and 56% respectively compared to healthy individuals of both sexes, with a highest significant decrease of 56 and 59% in males, and 55 and 52% in females respectively. The highest significant decrease was in the age group of (11-15) years for both hormones in males and females compared to healthy control based on age groups and sex.

Zeena Zuhair Ibrahim Al-Azzawi

Muna Hussein Jankeer

Evaluation of some hormones in patients with major β-Thalassemia in the Nineveh Governorate - Iraq

尼尼微省伊拉克大β-地中海贫血患者某些激素的评估

The objective of this research is to address saiga conservation challenges amid significant anthropogenic pressures through a population model-based approach. The study involved an analysis of herd composition in terms of sex, age, and size over the years 2019-2022, with a focus on lamb weight measurements in 2022. Notably, 2021 witnessed a substantial decline in offspring numbers, with lambs being three times scarcer compared to 2020 and 5.2 times fewer than in 2022 (p ≤ 0.05). Male saigas exhibited a 3.1-fold reduction in birth rates in 2021 relative to 2020 and a 5.6-fold decrease compared to 2022 (p &lt; 0.05). The fluctuations in the number of females and males across the three years were found to be statistically comparable (p ≥ 0.05). Since 2022, there has been a notable increase in the size of saiga herds, with counts reaching 450-500 animals compared to 2019-2020 (p ≤ 0.05). The observation identified a total of 93 saiga herds, with six of them consisting of more than 1,000 antelopes. The augmentation of male presence within herds is anticipated to contribute to sustaining saiga population growth. Achieving this outcome may necessitate the implementation of captive breeding initiatives or an integrated approach.

Amanay Myrzabayev

Zhanbolat Ibraibekov

Marat Bodeev

Valery Britko

Kymbat Yelshina

Zhansaya Tilla

Konstantin Gongalsky

The current state of the saiga (Saiga tatarica L.) population in Betpak-Dala (Kazakhstan)

贝帕克-达拉（哈萨克斯坦）地区高鼻羚羊（Saiga tatarica L.）种群的现状

This review aimed to address all relevant parts of the digestive physiology of rabbits, before and after weaning, with a view to enabling greater understanding of these phases and reducing the mortality of kits. The biggest bottlenecks in Brazilian rabbit farming are linked to the period from birth to weaning, a time when the animals are more sensitive to environmental adverse events, requiring more rigid and efficient management due to their immune system being not fully developed. Throughout the period in which kits are with the females, many physiological changes occur, mainly in their gastrointestinal tract (GIT), which changes over time, depending on the type of food intake; in order to achieve its full capacity to utilize food, the intestine needs to undergo an adaptation from milk-based to solid diet. Thus, the digestive system in the intrauterine phase, in the nursing kits, and in the weaned babies will be covered. Therefore, understanding the physiology of baby rabbits proves to be of great value in reducing the mortality rate, so that management becomes more practical, providing producers with different problem-solving alternatives, in addition to greater profit.

ISSN	1806-2636, 1807-8672
h-index	22

Publication Information	Publisher: Universidade Estadual de Maringa，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: Yes
Basic data	Year of publication: 2009，Proportion of original research papers: 0.00%，Self Citation Rate:N.A.， Gold OA Rate: 0.00%
Average review cycle	网友分享经验：9 Weeks

Acta Scientiarum - Animal Sciences

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