Asian Journal of Plant Pathology

Emmanuel Bwanampongo Kulimushi

Paul Mbogo Kusolwa

Espoir Basengere Bisimwa

Gration Mutashoberwa Rwegasira

Viruses Infecting Yam in Africa: Existing Knowledge and Future Perspectives

非洲感染山药的病毒：现有知识与未来展望

Screen house experiments were conducted to ascertain the effects of soil amendments with pig excrements/manure at different levels (0 (controls), 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 t haG 1 ) on the management of Meloidogyne javanica at different inoculum densities (0 (controls), 2,000 and 4,000 eggs) on the African yam bean.Soil amendment with pig manure significantly (p#0.05)improved on the vegetative growth of African yam bean plants infected with eggs of M. javanica when compared with infected plants but without amendment.The amendment also significantly (p#0.05)suppressed the formation of root galls and egg masses and consequently recorded lower gall and egg mass indices as against the controls.The effect of soil amendments with pig manure on the management of M. javanica on test plants increased with increase in amendment levels.It was also observed that the infectivity of M. javanica increased at a higher inoculums density (4,000 eggs).Generally, it can be concluded that incorporation of pig excrement/manure in African yam bean fields infested with M. javanica would lead to improved growth of plants and also suppress nematode population.

Christopher C. Onyeke

Godswill C. Ajuziogu

Simon C. Eze

Kevin I. Ugwuoke

Management of Root-Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne javanica on African Yam Bean with Pig Excrements

非洲山药豆根结线虫（Meloidogyne javanica）管理与猪粪的应用

Bacterial Leaf Blight (BLB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae (Xoo) is the most destructive and serious disease causing productivity loss, especially in rice, in Asia.The chemical pesticide usage over a long period of time brings about adverse toxic effect on the potential production of the land and the main consumers of the products.Microbes as biocontrol agents have efficiency and safety for humans and other non-target organisms.They leave small amount or no residue in foods.Soil microbes cannot be used directly as biopesticides because common root-colonizers fail to establish on leaves.Actinomycetes are Gram positive bacteria that are known to produce bioactive compound up to 70% of the total compound produced by bacteria, including antimicrobes.Several strains of actinomycetes are known capable of protecting plants against plant disease.The aims of this study were to isolate and screen non-pathogenic phyllosphere actinomycetes of rice which are capable of controlling BLB disease in rice.A total eight isolates are positively capable of controlling Xoo in vitro and four isolates significantly reduce disease severity of BLB.Pellet of STG 15, which is the best, showed 25.87% control efficiency of BLB severity at 14 Days After Inoculation (DAI) using Xoo compared to control.Molecular identification based on 16S rRNA gene performed for six isolates with the highest activity showed that they belongs to genus Streptomyces, Actinomadura, Nonomuraea, Micromonospora.Isolate STG 15 which has the highest capability to control BLB incidenceis identified as Nonomuraea sp.

Noor Andryan Ilsan

Abdjad Asih Nawangsih

Aris Tri Wahyudi

Rice Phyllosphere Actinomycetes as Biocontrol Agent of Bacterial Leaf Blight Disease on Rice

水稻叶际放线菌作为水稻细菌性叶枯病生物防治剂

Orchids are one of the important ornamental plants that were cultivated in tropical countries, including in Indonesia.Virus infections has been important limiting factor in orchids cultivation because it could decrease the orchids quality.Odontoglossum ringspot virus (ORSV) is one of the most reported viruses infecting orchids, which spread widely in the world.During 2010-2011 surveys of viral diseases were conducted in Jawa and Bali, Indonesia.The orchids were found infected by virus, showed symptoms of mosaic, mottle, chlorotic, necrotic, streak, wilting leaf and ringspot on leaf surface.Detection with Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) showed that only 5 from 88 samples were infected by ORSV with total incidence of 5.7%.Three leaf samples of Phalaenopsis sp., were infected, then called ORSV BOC, ORSV KRB and ORSV TNBB isolates, respectively.The results obtained by amplification of DNA band with 474 bp in length as expression of Coat Protein (CP) gene.Phylogenetic analysis based on nucleotide sequences of CP gene showed that ORSV BOC have similarity to ORSV Germany, whereas, ORSV KRB and ORSV TNBB lead to speciation that possibly to be a new strain.This study was proved that ORSV have entered and spread widely by infected orchids in orchids landscape (nursery), semi-natural forests (botanical gardens) and natural forest (national park) in Java and Bali, Indonesia.

Mahfut .

Tri Joko

Budi Setiadi Daryono

Molecular Characterization of Odontoglossum Ringspot Virus (ORSV) in Java and Bali, Indonesia

印度尼西亚爪哇和巴厘岛齿舌兰环斑病毒(ORSV)的分子特征

Background: In Egypt, chocolate spot disease caused by Botrytis fabae Sard.and Botrytis sinerea Pers. is the most serious disease affecting bean.Trichoderma harzianum Rifai is one of the most potent bioagents used for the control of many plant pathogens.This biocontrol agent has not harmful effects on humans, wild life and other beneficial organisms, safe and effective biocontrol agent in both natural and controlled environments that doesnʼt accumulate in the food chain.Materials and Methods: The antagonistic effect of T. harzianum against B. fabae was investigated on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium using dual culture technique.Also the antifungal activity of T. harzianum metabolites was also tested on the linear growth of B. fabae using cellophane method.Scanning electron microscopy was also used to investigate the mycoparasitic nature of T. harzianum on B. fabae.Results: An overgrowth of T. harzianum on B. fabae was observed, indicating the antagonistic behavior of T. harzianum against B. fabae.A complete reduction in the linear growth of B. fabae was observed indicating the antifungal activity of T. harzianum metabolites.By using the slide culture method, light microscopy observations showed an evidence about the mycoparasitic nature of the tested isolate of T. harzianum on B. fabae.Scanning electron microscopic observations confirmed the mycoparasitic nature of T. harzianum on B. fabae.Conclusion: The above results confirmed the mycoparasitic and aggressive nature of T. harzianum on B. fabae.

Hoda M. Soliman

G.M. Abdel-Fatt

E.A. Metwally

Antagonistic Interactions Between the Foliar Pathogen Botrytis fabae Sard. and Trichoderma harzianum Rifai

叶部病原菌灰葡萄孢与木霉菌间的拮抗相互作用

Edet Iwebaffa Amos

Akinbode Oluwafolake Adenike

Onyeanusi Hillary Chukwuemeka

Afolabi Clement Gboyega

Evaluation of Heliotropium indicum Extracts Against Fungal Pathogens of Snake Gourd Tomato (Trichosanthes cucumerina)

蛇瓜番茄（Trichosanthes cucumerina）真菌病原体对印度天芥菜提取物的评价

Muhammad Aminu Abubakar

Bello Mukhtar

Abdul Hamid Hamza

Chinyere Imoisi

Maryam Sa'ad

Chemical Composition, FTIR Analysis and Viscosity of Tamarindus indica Fruit Pulp for Industrial Applications

酸角果浆的化学成分、傅里叶变换红外光谱分析及粘度研究及其工业应用

Chidozie Azubuike Anukwuorji

Chibuzo-ogelle Chinenye Princess

Achugbu Adaeze Nnedinma

Ogbuozobe Okwudili Gabriel

Nwakuche Adaugo Ozioma

Control of Yam Spoilage Fungi Using Xylopia aethiopica and Monodora myristica Seed Extracts

使用非洲郁金香和肉豆蔻种子提取物控制山药腐烂真菌

Background and Objective: Cashew tree cultivation is currently booming in Togo and their nuts are Togo's fourth most important agricultural export.A study was initiated to draw up an inventory of cashew fungal diseases and determine their epidemiological parameters.Materials and Methods: Thirty two cashew orchards were surveyed, with eight orchards per prefecture.Twenty trees per orchard were randomly selected along the diagonals and inspected.Incidence was defined as the proportion of cashew trees showing symptoms of a fungal disease.Severity was assessed on an arbitrary five-grade scale by assigning quality values to infected organs.The severity index was determined by a mathematical formula.Prevalence was the proportion of localities affected by a fungal disease per prefecture.Results: Eight fungal diseases were inventoried, including anthracnose, black rust, bud dieback, yellow leaf spot, pestalotiosis, powdery mildew, gummosis and ramularia.Incidence and severity index were 61.09 and 36.56%,respectively for pestalotiosis, 38.12 and 20.16% for leaf anthracnose, 35.62 and 14.84% for yellow leaf spot and 30.47 and 20.46% for bud dieback.The prevalence of anthracnose leaf spot was the most widespread (96.88%), followed by yellow leaf spot (84.38%), pestalotiosis (84.38%) and black rust (81.25%).Conclusion: Because of the impact of these fungal diseases, it would be necessary to use phytosanitary products, improve agricultural practices and introduce more resistant cashew cultivars for new cashew orchards.

Komi Lucien Domedjui

Koffi Apeti Gbogbo

Kossi Essotina Kpemoua

Fousséni Folega

Madouma Kanda

Sêmihinva Akpavi

Marra Dourma

Komlan Batawila

Koffi Akpagana

Epidemiology of the Major Fungal Diseases of Cashew Tree (Anacardium occidentale L.) in Togo

多哥腰果树（Anacardium occidentale L.）主要真菌病害的流行病学

Publication Information	Publisher: Academic Journals Inc.，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 2009，Proportion of original research papers: ，Self Citation Rate:， Gold OA Rate:

Asian Journal of Plant Pathology

Journal Citation Format

A journal article with 1 author

A journal article with 2 authors

A journal article with 3 authors

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Books Citation Format

Thesis Citation Format

Web sites Citation Format

Patent Citation Format

Staying up late manually editing references? ivySCI automatically matches journals and helps you generate references with a single click.

Share Submission Experience

Viruses Infecting Yam in Africa: Existing Knowledge and Future Perspectives

Management of Root-Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne javanica on African Yam Bean with Pig Excrements

Rice Phyllosphere Actinomycetes as Biocontrol Agent of Bacterial Leaf Blight Disease on Rice

Molecular Characterization of Odontoglossum Ringspot Virus (ORSV) in Java and Bali, Indonesia

Antagonistic Interactions Between the Foliar Pathogen Botrytis fabae Sard. and Trichoderma harzianum Rifai

Viruses Infecting Yam in Africa: Existing Knowledge and Future Perspectives

Evaluation of Heliotropium indicum Extracts Against Fungal Pathogens of Snake Gourd Tomato (Trichosanthes cucumerina)

Chemical Composition, FTIR Analysis and Viscosity of Tamarindus indica Fruit Pulp for Industrial Applications

Control of Yam Spoilage Fungi Using Xylopia aethiopica and Monodora myristica Seed Extracts

Epidemiology of the Major Fungal Diseases of Cashew Tree (Anacardium occidentale L.) in Togo