Archives of Orofacial Sciences

This study investigated personal and professional social media use among orthodontists in Malaysia, to determine marketing strategies and to identify potential determinants associated with their behaviours. A cross sectional study using an online questionnaire distributed to members of the Malaysian Association of Orthodontists (MAO). Data were analysed using SPSS software to derive descriptive statistics and analysis of variance was applied to compare responses between age groups and working sector. Responses to open ended questions were analysed using thematic analysis. A response rate of 41% was obtained (n = 72). Almost all respondents were social media users with Facebook being the most common online platform. Majority relied on traditional methods of marketing such as good service and image practice (94.4%), word of mouth (94.4%) and referrals (93.1%). Only 9.7% of respondents had adopted social media marketing but 23.6% had future plans to adopt it as their marketing strategy. Difference in knowledge of social media marketing was significantly different between age groups (p = 0.024). Concerns over patient confidentiality (p = 0.016) and risk of breaching online professional behaviour (p = 0.025), as reasons discouraging social media marketing was statistically significant between work sector groups. Most orthodontists in Malaysia use social media for personal use but only a minority incorporate it into their marketing strategies. Majority see its potential and predict its use will increase in the future.

Yasmin Kamarudin

Delia Fang Fang Low

Abang Muhammad Zulhusmi Abang Sulaiman

Nor Nadia Zakaria

Social Media Use and Marketing within the Orthodontic Practice in Malaysia

马来西亚正畸诊所中的社交媒体使用与营销

Head and neck cancer patients require oral assessment and management prior, during and after cancer treatment to minimise oral complications. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate sociodemographic data, oral health management, oral complications derived from cancer treatment, time frame in completing dental treatment and association between oral management and complications. Purposive record sampling of head and neck cancer patients who completed radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM) from 2011 to 2017 were reviewed. A checklist was used to record the data and analysed using descriptive statistics and Pearson Chi-square test. A number of 194 patient records were reviewed with majority were Malays (88.1%), males (61.3%) with the mean age of 57.18 years old. Only 21% of the patients had oral assessment prior to cancer treatment. About 84% of the referred patients were dentally fit within 1 month. Mucositis and fungal infections were the most prevalent complications. The relationship between oral assessment prior to cancer treatment and oral complications was not significant (p = 0.134). Despite the insignificant association due to several limitations, oral assessment and management prior, during and after cancer therapy are recognised as crucial for improving quality of life. A standard institutional operating procedure is recommended to improve patient care.

Huikai Chew

Kasmawati Mokhtar

Yew Hin Beh

Wan Mohd Nazri Wan Zainon

Azirrawani Ariffin

Oral Care Management of Head and Neck Cancer Patients at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia: A 7-Year Retrospective Study

马来西亚理科大学头颈癌患者口腔护理管理：一项为期7年的回顾性研究

Oral health professionals frequently provide oral hygiene instruction (OHI) during dental visits, yet the evidence for its effectiveness is inconclusive. The main objective of this study was to examine the evidence on the effectiveness of various oral hygiene teaching approaches on periodontal health in adults. The study searched the PubMed, Google Scholar and Scopus databases for reports published between January 2000 and June 2020 in the English language. The quality of the selected papers was evaluated using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines by two authors. Overall, five reports met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The heterogeneity of outcome measurements across studies did not allow for direct comparison. Verbal and brochures were among the methods used in the studies. OHI was found to have short-term (up to 13 weeks) effects on dental plaque levels and/or gingiva bleeding. No significant differences were noted among the different oral hygiene methods affecting periodontal health. There is evidence that OHI is effective in reducing plaque and gingival bleeding scores in adult individuals, but it is still unclear if the effect continues beyond 13 weeks. No single method can be highlighted as the best medium of instruction.

Jia Le Chan

Basaruddin Ahmad

Sarliza Yasmin Sanusi

Mohd Zulkarnain Sinor

Effectiveness of Oral Hygiene Instruction on the Periodontal Health Among Adults: A Systematic Review

口腔卫生指导对成人牙周健康的影响：一项系统评价

Teledentistry has been proven to have the potential in addressing the gap in accessing oral health care worldwide. Nevertheless, more information is needed to support evidence-based teledentistry practice in Malaysia. The article aims to review teledentistry in view of implementing it to be a common practice in Malaysia. The authors describe teledentistry application worldwide, as well as its uses in the field of service and education. The article summarises the needs of teledentistry in South East Asia, as well as the ethical perspectives and legal practices. In addition, the article also reviews the opportunities arising from practicing teledentistry, including during the unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic. Following review, teledentistry seems to be a promising path as it could offer solutions to shortages in the workforce, high demand for treatment needs and unequal service distribution due to lack of accessibility in rural areas in Malaysia. Furthermore, teledentistry can extend care to underserved patients and provide opportunities to supplement teaching in dental education. The authors provide recommendations to overcome challenges to ensure a sustainable teledentistry. Incorporating teledentistry into practice in Malaysia is achievable but proper guidelines are required.

Nor Shafina Mohamed Nazari

Sharifah Wade’ah Wafa Syed Saadun Tarek Wafa

Nor Adinar Baharuddin

Teledentistry in the Malaysian Context: Are We There Yet?

马来西亚背景下的远程牙科：我们到了吗？

Presently there is a lack of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) measure and its corresponding utility values for oral cancer and oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD). This limits patient-centered outcomes for cost-effectiveness evaluations. The study aimed to determine post-treatment HRQOL of patients and ascertained differences between OPMD, early and late-stage oral cancer. A crosssectional survey was conducted among patients in oral maxillofacial specialist clinics in two public tertiary hospitals. Consented participants were required to complete the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire with the EQ Visual Analogue System (VAS). Kruskal-Wallis test was used to explore differences in values between stages. Multiple linear regression was used to explore factors that influenced the HRQOL. A total of 50 OPMD and 52 oral cancer patients were surveyed. The mean EQ-5D 5L health utility values was 0.842 (n = 50, SD = 0.139), 0.822 (n = 10, SD = 0.150) and 0.626 (n = 42, SD = 0.310) for OPMD, early- and late-stage cancer, respectively. The mean values of the EQ-5D-5L index and EQ-VAS scale showed significant differences between groups and between early- and late-stage cancer with good discriminative properties. Results of the multiple linear regression indicated that ethnicity, income, residency, diagnosis, and treatment modality were able to significantly account for 25% of EQ-5D-5L utility values, F(10,91) = 3.83, p &lt; 0.001, R2 = 0.360. Indian ethnicity, rural location, income less than RM4,360, late-stage cancer, and multi-modal therapies were all predictors of poorer HRQOL. This study evidenced disease severity and treatment modality to greatly impact the HRQOL of patients, in addition to socio-demographic factors such as ethnicity and income.

Sivaraj Raman

Asrul Akmal Shafie

Mannil Thomas Abraham

Shim Chen Kiong

Thaddius Herman Maling

Senthilmani Rajendran

Sok Ching Cheong

Health-Related Quality of Life among Patients with Oral Potentially Malignant Disorder and Oral Cancer in Malaysia

马来西亚口腔潜在恶性病变和口腔癌患者健康相关生活质量研究

This study aimed to compare the push-out bond strength (PBS) between a new porous titanium post (PTP) and other marketed dental posts cemented with two types of dual-cure resin cement. A total of 96 extracted single-rooted human teeth were recruited. Four types of dental posts (n = 24 each), namely: stainless steel post (SSP), commercially-pure titanium post (CTP), fibre glass post (FGP), and PTP were cemented with two types of resin cements (RelyX U200 and ParaCore) and then sectioned at coronal and middle root levels. The specimens were subjected to a PBS test at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The interface analysis was performed using a stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope. A p-value &lt; 0.05 was considered significant for all statistical tests. PBS recordings showed that the highest PBS mean value in RelyX group was 2.68±1.10 MPa for PTP. The differences in PBS between PTP and SSP and FGP were not significant (p = 0.098 and p = 0.075, respectively). The null hypothesis for RelyX group at both coronal and middle sections of the root was retained (p &gt; 0.05). No failure at the post-cement interface was found in the PTP group, which was founder superior over the other posts (no gap for this interface was observed). The PTP showed similar bonding strength and adhesion to the other tested posts when using RelyX U200 cement. The PTP can be considered a new alternative option for the dental post system.

Mohammed Nasser Alhajj

Zaihan Ariffin

Zuryati Ab-Ghani

Yanti Johari

Yoshihito Naito

Mariatti Jaafar

A Push-out Bond Strength Study and Interface Analysis of New Porous Titanium Dental Post Luted with Resin Cement

新型多孔钛牙桩树脂粘接剂推出粘接强度研究及界面分析

The goal of the present study was to determine the minimum thickness of monolithic zirconia required to achieve an acceptable masking ability and to examine how brand, thickness, and abutment substrate influenced that masking ability (∆E). Seventy-two A2-shade monolithic zirconia disc specimens in various thicknesses (1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mm) were fabricated using three brands: Nacera® Pearl 1, DD cubeX2 and XTCERA TT. A spectrophotometer was used to determine the CIELab values of the specimens, which were placed on a D4-shade resin composite and white acrylic (control) substrates. The ∆E was calculated and compared with the acceptable (AT = 5.5) and perceptible (PT = 2.6) tolerance thresholds. Further investigation was conducted on 72-disc specimens from the monolithic zirconia brand with the best masking ability on D3-shade resin composite and semi-precious alloy. Using two-way ANOVA, the interaction of thickness, brand, and abutment substrate on ∆E was investigated. Nacera® Pearl 1 at 1.5 mm thickness was sufficient to achieve AT on a D4-shade resin composite substrate, whereas 2.0 mm of DD cubeX2 and XTCERA TT were required. Nacera® Pearl 1 further testing on two other substrates requires thicknesses of 1.5 mm and 1.0 mm, respectively. Only the Nacera® Pearl 1 group achieved PT on D3- and D4-shade resin composite (2.0 mm) and semi-precious alloy substrates (1.5 mm). Brand, thickness, and abutment substrate influenced the ∆E (p &lt; 0.001). To achieve an acceptable masking ability, the minimum thickness of monolithic zirconia tested on D3- and D4-shade resin composite and semi-precious alloy should be around 1.5 mm to 2.0 mm.

Mohd Zulkifli Kassim

Nor Wati Nur Atikah Mustafa

Rohana Ahmad

Nadim Z Baba

The Effect of Brand, Thickness, and Abutment Substrate on the Masking Ability of Monolithic Zirconia Ceramics

单片氧化锆陶瓷的遮色能力受品牌、厚度及基底材料的影响

Idiopathic osteosclerosis (IO) represents asymptomatic radiopaque masses within the jaw. IO is commonly found as an incidental finding in panoramic radiographs. The purpose of the present study is to determine the prevalence of IO among Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Dental Centre patients and to investigate the radiographic parameters of IO located in the maxilla-mandibular region. Panoramic radiographic images of patients attending UiTM Dental Centre from 2016 to 2020 were examined. Parameters such as gender, age, site, shape, size, and association with tooth were evaluated. The data obtained were analysed using SPSS version 27. Pearson chi-square test was used to evaluate the relationship between the parameters. IO was identified in 108 (9.67%) out of 1,117 panoramic radiographic images that were reviewed. There was a slightly higher prevalence of IO in female patients with 58 (53%) over male patients. Most of the radiographically identified IO were located in the posterior mandibular region, constituting 83% of the cases. Pearson chi-square test revealed a significant relationship between size and gender (p-value &lt; 0.05). Significant associations were found between site and gender and association with tooth and foci (p-value &lt; 0.01). The prevalence of IO among UiTM Dental Center patients was observed to be low at 9.67%. There was a higher occurrence of IO in female patients compared to males, and the posterior mandibular region emerged as the most common site where IO was radiographically identified. The accurate radiographic identification of IO is essential for providing a precise diagnosis and formulating an appropriate treatment plan.

Afiqah Azhar

Nur Aini Ahmad Yusof

Mohd Kherman Suparman

Nor Hidayah Reduwan

Idiopathic Osteosclerosis among UiTM Dental Centre Patients: A Retrospective Study

UiTM牙科中心患者特发性骨硬化症的回顾性研究

The study aimed to explore the relationship between Malay females’ facial attractiveness with golden ratio, neoclassical canons, “ideal” ratios and “ideal” angles; and to compare self-perceived facial attractiveness and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among Malay females with different skeletal patterns. Sixty-four young Malay female participants each completed a set of self-administered questionnaires and have five facial photographs taken. The self-assessed satisfaction with facial appearance and HRQoL were compared between participants with different dentoskeletal patterns. Seventy-seven facial anthropometry parameters related to the golden ratio, neoclassical canons, ideal ratios and ideal angles were measured. Subsequently, 15 sets of photographs representing different skeletal patterns were randomly selected. A panel of juries evaluated facial attractiveness using a 7-point Likert scale. The correlation between facial attractiveness and measured parameters was studied. Results indicated that mean rank FACE-Q Rasch scores of participants’ self-rated satisfaction on their facial appearance and HRQoL were not significantly different statistically (p = 0.06–0.81) between Class I, II and III. One hundred and eighty juries (mean 24.33±3.82 years old) were recruited. No statistically significant correlations found between facial attractiveness rated by juries and measured parameters related to the golden ratio (r = –0.47 to 0.36; p = 0.08 to 0.98), neoclassical canons (r = –0.27 to 0.43; p = 0.11 to 0.96), ideal ratios (r = –0.32 to 0.47; p = 0.08 to 0.96) and ideal angles (r = –0.23 to 0.28; p = 0.31 to 0.92). In conclusion, the study found that the golden ratio, neoclassical canons, ideal ratios, and ideal angles were not found to be correlated with the facial attractiveness of Malay females. Therefore, these guidelines should be used with discretion during treatment planning and outcome assessment for this specific ethnic group.

Su Keng Tan

Nurul Fatihah Hussien

Nurhaifa Adlina Mohd Yunos

Michelle Clare Mah

Roger Arthur Zwahlen

Facial Anthropometry and Aesthetic Preferences in Malay Women: A Comparative Study

马来女性面部人体测量学与美学偏好：一项比较研究

Marfan syndrome (MFS) is an autosomal dominant and multisystemic disorder affecting the connective tissues. Patients with MFS may exhibit characteristic oral features including maxillary protrusion, high palate, crowded teeth, and fragility of the temporomandibular joint. Periodontal manifestations may include a higher prevalence of gingivitis and/or periodontitis owing to the high concentration of elastic fibres in the periodontal ligament. This case report describes the management of gingival enlargement associated with MFS. The patient was successfully managed with non-surgical and surgical periodontal therapy. In patients with oral manifestations of systemic disorders, patient motivation and effective treatment planning are able to achieve the optimum periodontal and oral health outcomes.

Abbreviation
Journal Impact	0.03
Quartiles(Global)	DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE(Q4)

Publication Information	Publisher: Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 2017，Proportion of original research papers: 90.91%，Self Citation Rate:0.00%， Gold OA Rate: 58.82%

Archives of Orofacial Sciences

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