Current Aging Science

Background: Although telomerase has potential for age-related disease intervention, the overexpression of telomerase in about 90% of cancers, and in HIV virus reservoirs, cautions against se in anti-aging telomerase therapeutics. While multiple reviews document the canonical function of telomerase for maintenance of telomeres, as well as an increasing numbers of reviews that reveal new non-canonical functions of telomerase, there was no systematic review that focuses on the array of associates of the subunit of Telomerase Reverse transcriptase protein (TERT) as pieces of the puzzle to assemble a picture of the how specific TERT complexes uniquely impact aging and age-related diseases and more can be expected. Methods: A structured search of bibliographic data on TERT complexes was undertaken using databases from the National Center for Biotechnology Information Pubmed with extensive access to biomedical and genomic information in order to obtain a unique documented and cited overview of TERT complexes that may uniquely impact aging and age-related diseases. Results: The TERT associations include proper folding, intracellular TERT transport, metabolism, mitochondrial ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) regulation, inflammation, cell division, cell death, and gene expression, in addition to the well-known telomere maintenance. While increase of cell cycle inhibitors promote aging, in cancer, the cell cycle check-point regulators are ambushed in favor of cell proliferation, while cytoplasmic TERT protects a cell cycle inhibitor in oxidative stress. The oncogene cMyc regulates gene expression for overexpression of TERT, and reduction of cell cycle inhibitors-the perfect storm for cancer promotion. TERT binds with the oncogene RMRP RNA, and TERT-RMRP function can regulate levels of that oncogene RNA, and TERT in a TBN complex can regulate heterochromatin. Telomerase benefit and novel function in neurology and cardiology studies open new anti- aging hope. GV1001, a 16 amino acid peptide of TERT that associates with Heat Shock Proteins (HSP’s), bypasses the cell membrane with remarkable anti disease potential. Conclusions: TERT “associates” are anti-cancer targets for downregulation, but upregulation in antiaging therapy. The overview revealed that unique TERT associations that impact all seven pillars of aging identified by the Trans-NIH Geroscience Initiative that influence aging and urge research for appropriate targeted telomerase supplements/ stimulation, and inclusion in National Institute on Aging Intervention Testing Program. The preference for use of available “smart drugs”, targeted to only cancer, not off-target anti- aging telomerase is implied by the multiplicity of TERT associates functions.

Joan Smith-Sonneborn

Telomerase Biology Associations Offer Keys to Cancer and Aging Therapeutics

端粒酶生物学关联为癌症和衰老治疗提供关键

Three-quarters of patients with major depressive disorder have late-onset depression. Late-onset depression is more often associated with cognitive impairment than earlyonset depression and evidences showed a relationship between vascular factors and late-life depression.To compare cognitive functions between late-onset (&amp;ge;60 years) and early-onset (<60 years) depression in elderly patients and to highlight the effect of vascular risk factors in elderly patients with late and early onset depression.This was a cross sectional, case control study with consecutive referral done on eighty elderly patients with depression who were recruited from Geriatric Outpatient Clinic of Psychiatry and Addiction Prevention Hospital, Al Kasr Al-Ainy, Cairo University. They were divided into two groups according to the age of onset of depression: Late Onset Depression (LOD) group and Early Onset Depression (EOD) group. They were cognitively assessed using ACE III, Framingham risk score for vascular risk assessment.Late onset group had worse performance than early onset group regarding memory, verbal fluency, language, visuospatial abilities and had more vascular risk.Elderly patients with late onset depression had higher severity of depression as well as they were more cognitively affected regarding memory, verbal fluency, language, and visuospatial abilities. Vascular risk factors especially hypertension and diabetes mellitus were higher elderly patients with late onset depression and affects the severity of depression and degree of cognitive impairment.

Abdelhamid H. Hashem

Nasreldin M

Maged A. Gomaa

Ola O. Khalaf

Late versus Early Onset Depression in Elderly Patients: Vascular Risk and Cognitive Impairment

老年患者中迟发性抑郁与早发性抑郁：血管风险与认知障碍

Recently, there has been a significant evolution in our understanding of the molecular pathways causing the genesis and progression of cancer via the inter-individual variations. Thus, one-size-fits-all methods for cancer treatment have been replaced by precision oncology (PO) targeting individual cancer symptoms, offering increased effectiveness, and decreased safety concerns and cost load.

Amir Bayat

Alireza Sharafshah

Farshid Sefat

Milad Rahimzadegan

Mohammad Raad

Kai-Uwe Lewandrowski

New Insights into Colorectal Cancer through the Lens of Precision Oncology and Personalized Medicine: Multi-Omics Helps Aging of Predisposed People

通过精准肿瘤学和个性化医学视角深入了解结直肠癌：多组学助力易感人群的衰老

Populations are ageing at varying rates of development. Countries with developed economies have experienced such changes to their population structures. Examinations have been conducted with regard to how respective societies can accommodate the said changes in their health and social systems, but this research mostly focuses on more developed regions rather than lowerincome countries. This paper discussed the experience of ageing populations in developing economies, which comprise the majority of the global older population. They display a vastly different experience from high-income countries, especially when viewed within the level of world regions. The cases presented here were from Southeast Asian countries in order to have a wide range of examples in terms of differences in country-income categories. In lower and middle-income countries, there are older adults who: continue working as their primary income source, are nonmembers of pension systems, and provide intergenerational support rather than only receiving it. The COVID-19 pandemic situation was also included here, as policies were reformed to address current needs that highlighted the challenging situation of older adults. The populations of countries that have yet to age substantially, especially those in the least-developed regions, can utilise this paper's recommendations in order to prepare for changes in the age structures of their societies.

Paolo Miguel Manalang Vicerra

Population Ageing in Lower and Middle-income Countries: Policy Landscape of Southeast Asian Countries

中低收入国家的人口老龄化：东南亚国家的政策格局

Background: Telomere length has been investigated as a biomarker of biological aging and is associated with several diseases, lifestyle, and socioeconomic factors. Objective: This study aimed to verify whether food insecurity is associated with shorter telomere length in older people. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study carried out in a municipality in the interior of Brazil, with a sample of 440 older people from the community. For telomere length analysis, a blood sample was obtained from each participant, followed by real-time qPCR, and sociodemographic and health information was collected through interviews. Food security/insecurity was measured using the reduced version of the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale. Descriptive analysis and multiple logistic regression were performed to analyze the factors associated with shorter telomere length, adopting a significance level of 5%. Results: We found that food insecurity was significantly associated with shorter telomere length, regardless of age group, skin color, tabagism, physical activity, milk and dairy consumption, living arrangement, and basic activities of daily life. Conclusion: The findings show the importance of ensuring full access to adequate nutrition for the older population, who are physiologically and socially vulnerable.

Celi Macedo Polo

Tábatta Renata Pereira de Brito

Wanderson Roberto Silva

Daniela Braga Lima

Daniella Pires Nunes

Fábio Antonio Colombo

Ariene Angelini dos Santos Orlandi

Ligiana Pires Corona

Shorter Telomere Length is Associated with Food Insecurity in Older People: A Cross-Sectional Study

较短的端粒长度与老年人食物不安全相关：一项横断面研究

Background: Physical and leisure activities are vital for active aging. Leisure activities among the aging population have received attention from scholars in the recent past. However, the research contributions and trends in this field are unknown. Therefore, a bibliometric analysis was conducted to explore the scholarly contributions in aging and leisure activities to identify the research output trends, assess thematic focuses, and analyze research collaboration patterns. Methods: We extracted data from the Scopus database for the period 2000-2023 and identified 443 articles focusing on aging and leisure activities. Tools, such as bibliographical coupling networks and thematic analysis, were applied using R and Biblioshiny to uncover core themes and connections. Results: There has been a significant increase in research output since 2021, with contributions from numerous authors and countries, particularly the United States and China. Thematic analysis reveals central themes, such as physical activity, successful aging, and cognition. Conclusion: This analysis reveals the evolving nature of scholarly discussions in aging and leisure, highlighting key themes, such as physical activity, cognitive aging, and health promotion. The findings emphasize the growing interest and global collaboration in this interdisciplinary research domain.

J Mufina Begam

E P. Abdul Azeez

A Bibliometric Analysis of Research Trends in Aging and Leisure Activities from 2000 to 2023

2000年至2023年老龄化与休闲活动研究趋势的文献计量分析

Abstract: Although a variety of disease-specific biomarkers have been identified for common lifestyle- or aging-related diseases, there are currently no indices available to measure general health or the existence of pre-symptomatic conditions in various types of tissue and organ damage. A rising body of research suggests that sirtuins may have the potential to be used as an index to assess overall health status and the existence of pre-symptomatic illness states. Sirtuins (SIRTs) are nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent deacetylases expressed in a variety of human somatic cells both in health and disease conditions. The activity and expression of SIRTs affect important metabolic pathways, such as cell survival, senescence, proliferation, energy production, stress tolerance, DNA repair, and apoptosis, thereby closely linked to aging and longevity. Given the broad significance of SIRTs in physiological function maintenance, their activity in somatic cells may reflect the early cross-sectional status of tissue damage caused by aging or systemic inflammatory responses that are too early to be detected by disease-specific biomarkers. In this mini-review, we discuss the utility of SIRTs as a surrogate clinical biomarker for health status to evaluate and monitor health life expectancy and the presence of pre-symptomatic illness states.

Yodo Sugishita

Yuki Suzuki-Takahashi

Kazuo Yudoh

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD)-Dependent Protein Deacetylase, Sirtuin, as a Biomarker of Healthy Life Expectancy: A Mini-Review

烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸（NAD）依赖性蛋白去乙酰化酶，Sirtuin，作为健康预期寿命的生物标志物：一篇小型综述

Aims: To study the role of hypoxia-reoxygenation and anoxia-starvation on the lifespan of C. elegans and elucidate the mechanism at molecular levels. Background: Increasing evidence indicates that reactive oxygen species (ROS) act as signaling molecules that promote health. Hormesis occurs when a moderate stress level induces a beneficial adaptive response, protecting organisms against subsequent exposure to severe stress. Caenorhabditis elegans is a widely used model organism to study aging and displays a broad hormetic ability to couple with stress. To date, only few methods are available to induce stress hormesis in C. elegans. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to explore the effects of hypoxia-reoxygenation and anoxia-starvation on the lifespan of C. elegans, exploring the involvement of ROS and oxidative stress-related pathways, and examining the hormetic property of H/R. Methods: The C. elegans were cultured in hypoxic conditions (1% O2) with OP50 bacteria for 24 h followed by reoxygenation (20% O2) (H/R) or in anoxic conditions (0% O2; 100% N2) without OP50 bacteria for 24 h followed by reoxygenation (20% O2) and food supplementation (A/S). Survivals were plotted and estimated for probability with Kaplan-Meier analysis. Results: The H/R extended the lifespan of C. elegans, and H/R-pretreated worms showed improved resistance toward A/S compared to naïve worms. The C. elegans SKN-1 and DAF-16 are important oxidative stress response factors homologous to mammalian Nrf2 and FOXO3, respectively. Mutations in SKN-1 and DAF-16 blocked H/R-induced life extension. Next, H/R treatment in C. elegans activated both SKN-1 and DAF-16, as indicated by the upregulation of putative target genes of SKN-1 (gcs-1 and gss-1) and DAF-16 (sod-3). Moreover, pre-treatment with antioxidants (N-acetylcysteine, chlorogenic acid, and sulforaphane) reduced ROS levels and diminished the lifespan extension effect of H/R, indicating their dependency on ROS. Conclusion: These results provide evidence that H/R is beneficial for lifespan and stress resistance by activating the adaptive cellular response pathway (SKN-1 and DAF-16A) toward oxidative stress.

Ferbian Milas Siswanto

Maria Dara Novi Handayani

Rita Dewi Firmasyah

Jojor Lamsihar Manalu

Adriyan Pramono

Hypoxia-reoxygenation Extends the Lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans via SKN-1- and DAF-16A-Dependent Stress Hormesis

缺氧-再氧合通过SKN-1和DAF-16A依赖的压力激素延长秀丽隐杆线虫的寿命

ISSN	1874-6098, 1874-6128
h-index	42

出版信息	出版商: Bentham Science Publishers，出版周期: ，期刊类型: journal，开源期刊: 否
基本数据	创刊年份: 2008，原创研究文献占比: ，自引率:， Gold OA占比:

Current Aging Science

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Telomerase Biology Associations Offer Keys to Cancer and Aging Therapeutics

Late versus Early Onset Depression in Elderly Patients: Vascular Risk and Cognitive Impairment

New Insights into Colorectal Cancer through the Lens of Precision Oncology and Personalized Medicine: Multi-Omics Helps Aging of Predisposed People

Population Ageing in Lower and Middle-income Countries: Policy Landscape of Southeast Asian Countries

Shorter Telomere Length is Associated with Food Insecurity in Older People: A Cross-Sectional Study

New Insights into Colorectal Cancer through the Lens of Precision Oncology and Personalized Medicine: Multi-Omics Helps Aging of Predisposed People

A Bibliometric Analysis of Research Trends in Aging and Leisure Activities from 2000 to 2023

Shorter Telomere Length is Associated with Food Insecurity in Older People: A Cross-Sectional Study

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD)-Dependent Protein Deacetylase, Sirtuin, as a Biomarker of Healthy Life Expectancy: A Mini-Review

Hypoxia-reoxygenation Extends the Lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans via SKN-1- and DAF-16A-Dependent Stress Hormesis