Journal of Optometry

To determine the patterns of distribution of refractive errors in a clinical sample of patients examined in an optometry practice. In this retrospective study, the clinic records of 6687 patients aged 6 to 85 years comprising 2168 (32.2%) males and 4519 (67.5%) females were reviewed. Refractive error were analysed according to gender, age, as well as types and categories including axis of astigmatism using the vector power analysis method where the traditional sphero-cylinder was transformed into J0 (primary) and J45 (oblique) astigmatic components. Only the analysis for right eye was reported as right and left spherical equivalent were similar. The mean with standard deviations for refractive errors were: Myopia: −1.95 ± 2.6, hyperopia: 1.04 ± 0.9, astigmatism: −1.22 ± 0.71 and anisometropia: −0.01 ± 2.5 DS. The distributions with significant changes included males that were significantly more myopic and astigmatic, while females were more hyperopic across the age groups. Furthermore, myopia decreased, while hyperopia, astigmatism and anisometropia increased with increasing age. Unique findings from this study include: myopia peaked earlier, second hyperopic shift commenced after age 82 years and the distribution of severity of astigmatism contrasts with previous understanding. Although the patterns of distribution of refractive errors in patients aged 6 to 85 years corroborates previous findings, myopia and hyperopia peak, as well as severity of astigmatism were unique to the present study. Results from non-clinic populations will be useful to confirm trends reported in this study.

Samuel Otabor Wajuihian

Khathutshelo Percy Mashige

Gender and age distribution of refractive errors in an optometric clinical population

屈光不正的性别和年龄分布：一项眼科临床人群研究

This study aims to estimate the efficacy and safety of a new intense pulsed light (IPL) Thermaeye Plus for dry eye disease (DED) secondary to meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). This is a prospective, longitudinal study of patients with moderate to severe MGD. Treatment consisted of 4 consecutive IPL sessions, 12 flashes with the same energy 8 J/cm2 on the periocular area at days 1, 14, 28, and 49. All patients were evaluated before each IPL sessions and 1 and 4 months after the last session. Measuring: Symptoms score and OSDI questionnaire, Non-invasive tear meniscus height (NITMH), Non-invasive break up (NITBUT), Tear osmolarity (TO), Corneal fluorescein staining (CFS) and Eyelid margin and Meibomian gland assessment. The adverse effects on the eye, periocular area, and systemic complications were evaluated. All types of skin pigmentation (Fitzpatrick scale I to VI) were included. The study included 44 consecutive patients (88 eyes), 40 males and 48 females, with a mean age of 52.5 ± 13.6 years, ranging from 22 to 78 years. Significant improvements were observed in single and total signs and symptoms. The most significant changes were observed in dryness, foreign body sensation (p < 0.001), and pain (p < 0.005). The OSDI questionnaire showed a significant decrease in total symptoms (p < 0.003). The percentage of patients with a normal index <13, improved from 23.8% (10 patients) at baseline to 80.9% (34 patients) at last visit, after 23 weeks. Clinical sings also improved, more than 90%, stand out telangiectasia and blepharitis (p < 0.002, and p < 0.0005, respectively). No statistical differences between age (<40 y, 40–60 y, and >60 y) and gender were observed. The clinical improvement began after the second and third week after the first IPL session, until the end of the IPL treatment (D49). After that, the results maintained stable until the last visit, after 11 weeks. No complications were reported locally, nor in the periocular area as well as systemically. Thermaeye Plus, a new IPL for ophthalmic use, is a safe and effective treatment in patients with DED due to MGD, showing improvement from the second week of treatment and maintaining until the last visit, 4 months after the last IPL session (23 weeks of total follow-up). Patients with pigmented skin (Fitzpatrick V or VI) have been treated with no side effects. It is relevant, especially to apply in brown-dark skin populations since complications with other IPL devices have been reported.

Carlos Vergés

José Salgado-Borges

Francesc March de Ribot

Prospective evaluation of a new intense pulsed light, thermaeye plus, in the treatment of dry eye disease due to meibomian gland dysfunction

新型强脉冲光ThermaEye Plus治疗睑板腺功能障碍所致干眼病的前瞻性评估

The digital transformation of daily routines has increased visual demands, especially at intermediate and near distances. The Devil multifocal intraocular lens (MIOL) design was developed to enhance intermediate visual performance. This design is a novel trifocal intraocular lens inspired by the fractal structure known as the 'Devil's staircase'. The aim of this research is to evaluate the visual performance of the Devil MIOL design in real patients.

Anabel Martínez-Espert

Diego Montagud-Martínez

Vicente Ferrando

Salvador García-Delpech

Juan A Monsoriu

Walter D Furlan

Visual performance of a new trifocal intraocular lens design evaluated with a clinical adaptative optics visual simulator

新型三焦点人工晶状体设计的视觉性能通过临床自适应光学视觉模拟器评估

Maciej Dymczyk

Anna Przekoracka-Krawczyk

Zuzanna Kapturek

Paulina Pyżalska

Effect of a vergence-accommodation conflict induced during a 30-minute Virtual Reality game on vergence-accommodation parameters and related symptoms

30分钟虚拟现实游戏引发的辐辏-调节冲突对辐辏-调节参数及相关症状的影响

To analyse the scientific evidence about the efficacy of Syntonic phototherapy for producing changes in visual function. A systematic review was performed to obtain studies on the effects of Syntonic phototherapy on vision. A search in health science databases (Medline, Scopus, Web of Science and PsycINFO) for studies published between 1980 and 2022 was conducted in accordance with the principles of Cochrane approach. The search identified 197 articles. Only clinical studies which used the Syntonic phototherapy as a vision therapy for any visual condition were included. Clinical cases and case series were excluded. Following the inclusion criteria, 8 clinical studies met inclusion, 5 of them being pseudo-experimental studies with an equivalent control group and 3 pre-post pseudo-experimental studies. GRADE tool was used to assess the certainty of the evidence of the studies. The GRADE evidence profile for the studies through the Soft table was made to analyse data. The studies analysed seven outcomes: visual symptoms, functional visual fields, visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, deviation (phoria/tropia), stereopsis and reading abilities. Finding table about results (Soft Table) showed that for all outcomes reviewed, all studies yielded very low certainty of evidence. Results revealed a lack of scientific evidence of the efficacy of Syntonic optometric phototherapy to produce changes in the visual function. This systematic review found no consistent evidence for the efficacy of Syntonic phototherapy to cause changes in visual function. There is no scientific evidence to support its clinical use for treating any type of visual anomalies.

Zaíra Cervera-Sánchez

Pilar Cacho-Martínez

Ángel García-Muñoz

Efficacy of optometric phototherapy: a systematic review

视光学光疗法的疗效：一项系统评价

Carlos Carpena-Torres

Fernando Huete-Toral

Gonzalo Carracedo

Blue light stimulation of the optic nerve head reduces melatonin levels in rabbit posterior segment

蓝光刺激视神经乳头降低兔子眼后节褪黑素水平

The aim of this study was to characterize the quality of primary care referrals of patients to ophthalmology at the Virgen Macarena Hospital in Seville. This will enable us to optimize ophthalmologic resources and to evaluate the role of the optometrist in improving referrals.

Rafael Carrasco Solís

María Rosario Rodríguez Griñolo

Beatríz Ponte Zúñiga

Beatriz Mataix Albert

María Leticia LLedó de Villar

Rocío Martínez de Pablos

Enrique Rodríguez de la Rúa Franch

Analysis of patient referrals from primary care to ophthalmology. The role of the optometrist

初级保健转诊至眼科的分析：验光师的作用

To assess differences in corneal higher-order aberrations (i.e., HOAs) between six different types of irregular corneas (i.e, keratoconus (KC), keratoglobus (KG), pellucid marginal degeneration (PMD), laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK), penetrating keratoplasty (PK), and intrastromal corneal ring segments (ICRS)).

Abbreviation	J. Optom.
Journal Impact	2.12
Quartiles(Global)	OPHTHALMOLOGY(Q2)

ISSN	1888-4296, 1989-1342
h-index	34

Publication Information	Publisher: Spanish Council of Optometry，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: Yes
Basic data	Year of publication: 2008，Proportion of original research papers: 94.12%，Self Citation Rate:13.60%， Gold OA Rate: 99.26%
Journal Fees	$1530Details
Average review cycle	网友分享经验：12 Weeks

Journal of Optometry

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Gender and age distribution of refractive errors in an optometric clinical population

Prospective evaluation of a new intense pulsed light, thermaeye plus, in the treatment of dry eye disease due to meibomian gland dysfunction

Visual performance of a new trifocal intraocular lens design evaluated with a clinical adaptative optics visual simulator

Effect of a vergence-accommodation conflict induced during a 30-minute Virtual Reality game on vergence-accommodation parameters and related symptoms

Efficacy of optometric phototherapy: a systematic review

Visual performance of a new trifocal intraocular lens design evaluated with a clinical adaptative optics visual simulator

Effect of a vergence-accommodation conflict induced during a 30-minute Virtual Reality game on vergence-accommodation parameters and related symptoms

Blue light stimulation of the optic nerve head reduces melatonin levels in rabbit posterior segment

Analysis of patient referrals from primary care to ophthalmology. The role of the optometrist

Corneal higher-order aberrations in different types of irregular cornea