Budownictwo i Architektura

The annual production of medical waste from healthcare facilities in Pakistan is around 250,000 tons. An effective waste management system is essential for disposing of hazardous medical waste, and incineration is considered the most effective and accessible technology. Disposal of medical waste ash in landfills without proper treatment could lead to groundwater contamination due to leachate. This research paper aims to evaluate the feasibility of using hospital waste ash obtained from the National Cleaner Production Center (NCPC) in Rawalpindi as a partial replacement for cement. The primary variable in this study was the amount of hospital waste ash (0%, 3%, 7%, and 10% by weight of cement), while the amount of cementitious material, water-to-cement ratio, and fine and coarse aggregate content were kept constant. A total of 36 cubes were cast, with nine cubes for each replacement level for curing periods of 7, 14, and 28 days. The slump value and density of fresh concrete decreased with the increase in the proportion of hospital waste ash in the mix. The compressive strength of mixes with 3% hospital waste ash was higher than that of the control mix. The best results (20.13 MPa) were obtained from the 3% mix after 28 days of curing, while the result obtained with the 7% mix was nearly equal to that of the control mix.

Muhammad Shoaib Iqbal

Qadir Bux

Afsar Ali

Saleh Mamman Abdullahi

Abdur Rahman

Experimental analysis of concrete with partial cement replacement using incinerated hospital waste ash

焚烧医院废物灰部分替代水泥的混凝土试验分析

Reusing waste materials such as construction and demolition waste is an environmentally significant task. This article aims to improve the quality of recycled aggregates after the demolition of concrete structures. Two methods, mechanical cleaning and impregnation, were explored to enhance the quality of coarse aggregates. The findings indicate that mechanical cleaning is more effective than soaking in a sodium silicate solution. The compressive strength of concrete made with mechanically cleaned recycled aggregates was 2.3 times greater than that of concrete made with untreated rubble. Concrete with impregnated rubble had a compressive strength 1.1 times greater than that of concrete with untreated aggregates. Infrared spectroscopy was used to study the microstructure, revealing that the type of treatment does not influence the quantity of portlandite and ettringite in hydrated cement. However, the treatment of recycled aggregates alters the interaction in the gel portion of cement hydration products. Concrete with aggregates treated by sodium silicate has more aluminate components. Additionally, there is a shift of the bands assigned to Si-O stretching to higher wave numbers (from 995 cm–1 to 1088 cm–1), which can be attributed to the formation of calcium-silicate-hydrate gel with a lower calcium/silicon ratio.

Liudmyla Trykoz

Oleksii Zinchenko

Dmytro Borodin

Svitlana Kamchatna

Oksana Pustovoitova

Effect of treatment types of recycled concrete aggregates on the properties of concrete

再生混凝土骨料处理类型对混凝土性能的影响

The dynamic development of built-up areas observed in the last few decades resulted in strong environmental transformations, especially in terms of climate phenomena. One of the factors which significantly affects the climate and bioclimate of urban areas is wind. Wind can cause discomfort to pedestrians or heat loss in buildings, if the wind speed around buildings is too high. The paper presents two examples of research conducted by the author, related to the issues of wind flow in built-up areas, based on the numerical simulations. The numerical simulations become an increasingly frequently used tool to determine the wind climate. Simulation results provide designers with important information on the influence of the buildings and their layout on the local changes in airflow. They allow testing of alternative solutions and effectiveness of various remedial measures.

Katarzyna Klemm

Wind aspects in built environment

建筑环境中的风向问题

Sawdust concrete is a type of lightweight concrete in which some of the mineral aggregate is replaced by sawdust - a by-product of wood processing. It is not a new material, but its potential is not utilised to its full degree. Taking into account the most important advantages of sawdust concrete - lower density and greater thermal and acoustic insulation than ordinary concrete - it is worth to consider the possibilities of its usage in construction wider than currently . In order to present the properties of sawdust concrete, the review of contemporary technical literature has been performed.&#x0D; For the production of sawdust concretes mineralized sawdust from various types of trees, ordinary cements, mineral aggregates and water, are used. The usage of additives and admixtures is also allowed. The properties of the finished sawdust concrete are mainly influenced by the proportion of its components, especially the amount of fine aggregates replaced by sawdust. The construction products made of sawdust concrete are characterized by a low coefficient of thermal conductivity λ and soundproofing properties. In bending tests, a simply supported sawdust concrete beam behaves similar to a regular concrete beam, cracks first appear in the tension zone. Tensile strength, compressive strength and Young's modulus of sawdust concrete products depend on the proportion of components and the method of sawdust preparation before applying in the sawdust concrete-mix. Compared to ordinary concrete, the obtained values for sawdust concrete are lower, but partially fall within the ranges for the lower classes of ordinary concrete.&#x0D; There are several possible applications of sawdust concrete in construction. One of the perspectives is to use it to build walls in buildings that require soundproofing between rooms, or to replace wood with it when renovating old buildings. However, further tests of sawdust concrete are needed in terms of the most favourable composition for its mechanical properties, and to define the standards according to which sawdust concrete elements should be produced.

Oliwia Kropidłowska

Application of sawdust concrete in construction

锯末混凝土在建筑中的应用

Many existing steel structures are exposed to degradation due to corrosion or fatigue and to increasing loads. Their reliability assessment is then needed. The key question is whether a particular structure can be preserved ‘as it is’, or needs to be strengthened, or whether it needs to be replaced. Unnecessary replacements of existing structures may be avoided and the remaining service life of existing steel structures may be authorized by: using advanced reliability verification techniques, optimizing target reliability, and obtaining data for a specific site or structure. In this contribution, the application of advanced reliability approaches is illustrated by the assessment of an existing steel structure. The case study demonstrates that such approaches may significantly improve assessment and allow to increase the load-bearing capacity of the structure (in the case under investigation by 10 to 20%). Improvements in reliability assessment are attributed to the use of an optimal target reliability level, case-specific statistical parameters and probabilistic distributions of the basic variables, and adjusted partial factors.

Vitali Nadolski

Milan Holicky

Miroslav Sykora

Viktar Tur

Comparison of approaches to reliability verification of existing steel structures

现有钢结构可靠性验证方法的比较

This article presents the visual and instrumental investigations, along with the necessary engineering and technical decisions, for restoring load-bearing structures of multi-storey residential buildings damaged by fire due to war. It is economically advisable to replace and strengthen 20% of the emergency floor slabs and 16% of the load-bearing walls to allow residents to return to their homes as soon as possible. The temperature during the fire was determined using specific samples of damaged materials, building structures, and equipment, which allowed for a more accurate assessment of the damage to brick walls and prefabricated reinforced concrete floor slabs. The possibility of further use of the building was also determined based on a survey and necessary measurements of its structures, including the determination of physical and mechanical characteristics (crack width, flexures, concrete strength, brick grade, and mortar grade). The prefabricated reinforced concrete round hollow floor slabs had delaminated along the ribs between the hollows, showing sagging. The bricks had changed colour and were destroyed to a depth of 120 mm (internal walls were destroyed to this depth on both sides). Considering the extent of the damage to the load-bearing structures, it is recommended that the inter-floor ceilings, load-bearing walls, and partitions be replaced and strengthened. For structures that do not require replacement or reinforcement, the justification for their continued safe operation has been completed in accordance with the construction standards and regulations in force in Ukraine.

Andrii Kramarchuk

Borys Ilnytskyy

Oksana Lytvyniak

Restoration of load-bearing structures in a multi-storey residential building after a fire caused by military operations

军事行动引发火灾后多层住宅建筑承重结构的修复

The problem of disability is directly related to the physical barriers encountered in urban spaces. Pedestrian accessibility performance is a notable urban quality indicator. Universal design principles and barrier-free design standards are important in making urban spaces usable for everyone. However, projects in this context generally cover specific areas of cities. Bringing an entire city into compliance with barrier-free design standards requires high cost and time. Therefore, determining the spatial disability level of the urban texture and planning project stages constitute a critical process for local governments. This study proposes a model to measure the pedestrian accessibility performance of medium-sized cities with relatively walkable distances within the framework of spatial barriers and to identify priority intervention points. In this context, Kırklareli city centre was selected as a case study area. According to the model developed with the support of GIS, the “ideal accessibility network” is determined for the citizens, and the performance level is calculated by identifying the spatial barriers on this network. The model was developed using components that can be applied to any city and tested in a sample urban environment. This conceptual model contributes to urban science and local government policy by providing a monitoring mechanism for spatial disability that can be constantly tracked by citizens, and by supplying an information base for projects to be developed by local governments. It is hoped that this study will popularise pedestrian-oriented spatial design and control in cities where walkability is postponed due to the focus on wheeled vehicle mobility and where spatial barriers are felt only by disabled individuals.

Serkan Sinmaz

Mete Korhan Özkök

Developing a model for measuring the spatial disability level of cities within the framework of barrier-free pedestrian accessibility: the case of Kırklareli City centre

在无障碍步行可达性框架下构建城市空间障碍水平测量模型：以克尔克拉雷利市中心为例

The article explores the use of BIM tools in the planning of demolition works for a structure. The analysis includes the utilization of BIM to create a three-dimensional model of the object, with a level of detail that allows for accurate cost estimation of the demolition. Additionally, it enables the precise determination of the demolition sequence, identification of potential issues, and optimization of the process. BIM tools also facilitate the analysis of the environmental impact of demolition and the safety of workers. Furthermore, through virtual simulation, demolition planning can take into account ecological and social effects. The authors highlight that the application of a BIM model simplifies risk analysis and allows for the creation of scenarios for the duration of demolition work, enabling the selection of the fastest solution while simultaneously reducing costs and optimizing resources. Conclusions drawn from the case study demonstrate how advanced BIM tools can revolutionize the planning of demolition processes, introducing a new level of precision and a sustainable approach to such projects.

Aleksandra Radziejowska

Jakub Szeląg

Application of a BIM model for demolition work planning

BIM模型在拆除工作规划中的应用

涉及主题	工程类物理计算机科学地理材料科学历史数学生物考古复合材料地质学哲学
出版信息	出版商: Politechnika Lubelska，出版周期: ，期刊类型: journal，开源期刊: 是
基本数据	创刊年份: 2023，原创研究文献占比: 0.00%，自引率:N.A.， Gold OA占比: 0.00%
平均审稿周期	24 weeks

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Experimental analysis of concrete with partial cement replacement using incinerated hospital waste ash

Effect of treatment types of recycled concrete aggregates on the properties of concrete

Wind aspects in built environment

Application of sawdust concrete in construction

Comparison of approaches to reliability verification of existing steel structures

Experimental analysis of concrete with partial cement replacement using incinerated hospital waste ash

Effect of treatment types of recycled concrete aggregates on the properties of concrete

Restoration of load-bearing structures in a multi-storey residential building after a fire caused by military operations

Developing a model for measuring the spatial disability level of cities within the framework of barrier-free pedestrian accessibility: the case of Kırklareli City centre

Application of a BIM model for demolition work planning

ISSN	1899-0665, 2544-3275
h-index	1