Asian Journal of Epidemiology

Background: The existence and control of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) are closely related to its vectors.Larval density and key breeding sites play important roles in determining the most suitable and effective methods for vector control. Materials and Methods:The present study identified the common breeding places for both Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus and examined larva density and the impact on dengue transmission.An entomological survey was carried out in Medan and Langkat in 304 households in both districts.Result: Aedes aegypti and A. albopictus were found in 11 and 12 out of 18 types of water containers, respectively, in both high and low incidence districts.Aedes aegypti larvae were found in most indoor bathtub containers.By contrast, A. albopictus larvae were found in most outdoor pail containers both in high and low incidence districts.Conclusion: The larval indices for A. aegypti, which is predominantly found in Medan and for A. albopictus larvae, which is predominantly found in Langkat were 33, 12 and 39 and 13, 5 and 18, respectively.The House Index (HI) was a determinant of DHF transmission in North Sumatera province.According to the WHO, the larval density figures of HI, Container Index (CI) and Breteau Index (BI) in Medan and Langkat were 5, 4 and 5 and 3, 1 and 2, respectively.Thus, the density figure of larval indices in Medan was higher than in Langkat (4.7 and 2, respectively).Based on the WHO standards, both districts have HI values higher than 10, which indicates that both high and low DHF incidence districts have a high risk for DHF transmission and the probability of transmission for DHF in Medan was higher than in Langkat.

Fazidah A. Siregar

Tri Makmur

Nurul Huda

Key Breeding Place for Dengue Vectors and the Impact of Larvae Density on Dengue Transmission in North Sumatera Province, Indonesia

登革媒介的关键繁殖地及幼虫密度对印度尼西亚北苏门答腊省登革热传播的影响

Background:The intake of vitamins is generalized, however, studies of their consumption have focused on limited associated factors and has not identified the influencing factors by age.This study was designed to contribute to an understandings of factors related to the use of vitamins by age group.Methodology: This study is a nationally representative cross-sectional, population-based and the sample consisted of 5,915 Korean adults aged 20 years older.Analyses were based on a multiple linear regression model including socioeconomic factors, health status and health behaviours.Results: Many factors are linked to the increased likelihood of using vitamins, including female, high income, living with a spouse, perception of health as bad, smoking, sufficient dietary intake, exercises and attempts to control oneʼs weight.However, the presence of chronic diseases was not related to the use of vitamins in any age group.The associated factors differed according to age and the number of relevant factors decreased with age.Conclusion: Adults 20-44 years of age, especially who ate enough, require educations related to nutrient intake.Besides the nutrient education could be effective in adults 65 years who have regular exercises.But, people in this age group may need more vitamins than young and middle-aged adults do, they should receive relevant guidelines or information.Regarding the public health education of vitamins intake, among those aged 45-64 years, socioeconomic factors must be considered.

Hyo Young Lee

Hyunmi Son

Stephanie D. Short

Consumption of Vitamins and Associated Factors by Age Group

各年龄段维生素摄入量及其相关因素

The present study focused on a systematic review and meta-analysis of literature related to the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in India and other South Asian countries.This study was carried out to fill up the scanty research conducted in the quantitative review of the prevalence of common mental disorders in South Asian countries.For this purpose, PubMed, PsycINFO, EBSCOhost and Google Scholar databases were searched to find out studies that examined the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity in South Asia.Subsequently, additional articles were searched based on the references mentioned in the identified published studies.Retrieved articles were systematically selected using specific inclusion and exclusion criteria.The present meta-analysis included 34 epidemiological studies consisting of 158555 persons, out of which a total number of 8389 persons were reported to have mental disorders across seven countries of South Asia.This alarming number of mentally disordered people amounts to 122 per 1000 population, i.e. (95% CI: 8-252, Z = 1.82, p<0.06).Epidemiological studies also reported that prevalence of mental disorders varied from 6.06 to 533.73/1000 population in South Asia.From the present review, it may be concluded that psychiatric disorders are affecting people across all the regions of South Asia and appears to be a serious public health issue in South Asia.

Jay Kumar Ranjan

Hari Shankar Asthana

Prevalence of Mental Disorders in India and Other South Asian Countries

印度及其他南亚国家精神障碍的流行情况

Background and Objective: Adult tuberculosis (TB) awareness was rarely evaluated as their TB transmission impacted their household children.This study aimed to assess the perception of healthcare delivered to children by the adults with TB in their household.Methodology: This study observed 132 respondents, with a case control study.The study sample and population consisted of adults with recorded TB and/or who had been or were being treated for TB and/or were already recovered from TB and had delivered or not delivered their children (0-14 years old) to/from a healthcare facility.The study lasted from January-December 2014 and covered eight referred TB hospitals in Yogyakarta Special province.The bivariate (chi-square test) and multivariate (multiple logistic regression) were analyzed using SPSS Version 13.Results: Adults with TB who delivered their children to healthcare facilities perceived (through bivariate analysis) the following: ease of access to state hospital (D = 0.202), private hospital (D = 0.745), health center (D = 1.107) and general practitioner/private clinic (D = 0.714).Perceived of ease of access the state hospital was the only variable that predicted (D = 0.028) adult TB who delivered their children by multivariate analysis (OR = 4.98).Conclusion: Children were more delivered to state hospitals than others healthcare facilities as impacted by the perception of ease of accessibility by their adult with TB in Yogyakarta Special province.This result is also supported by buffering spatial analysis.

Al Asyary

Purwantyastuti .

Tris Eryando

Purnawan Junadi

Perceived of Healthcare Utilization by Adult Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients for their Children in Yogyakarta

日惹成人肺结核患者对其子女医疗保健利用的感知

Background and Objective: Stroke is a disease condition caused by the interruption of the blood flow supplying the brain; it is a sudden blockage or rupture of blood veins.This condition causes brain tissue to not be exposed to the blood flow of oxygen and nutrients, with the brain becoming damaged.The aim of this research was to determine the model of risk factors for stroke in South Sulawesi.Materials and Methods: This study use observational analytic research with a case control design, which is a study design that epidemiologists use to study relationship concerning the level of exposure to a variety of disease states or other health problems.A case is a stroke patient and the control is someone who is not a stroke patient.This analysis uses odds ratio logistic regression and the value of " = 0.05.Results: The results of this research show the significant association between stroke with hypertension, Odd Ratio (OR) = 4.06, with 95% CI 3.25-5.0;the association of physical activity with the occurrence of stroke, OR = 1.69, with 95% CI 1.29-2.23 and the association of obesity and stroke, OR = 2.00 with 95% CI 1.64-2.47.There is a relationship between smoking and the incidence of stroke, OR = 1.81 with 95% CI 1.42-2.32;however, for stress, p = 0.619 (p>0.05), which means that stress has no relationship with the incidence of stroke, OR = 1.10 with 95% CI 0.75-1.63.Conclusion: To conclude that stroke might be leaded due to the less physical activity, smoking and stressful lifestyle behaviors that end with hypertension.Hypertension is the risk factor that most influences the incidence of stroke compared to other risk factors but all of these risk factors can be eliminated with lifestyle modification.

Muhammad Awal

Ridwan Amiruddin

Sukri Palutturi

Anwar Mallongi

Relationships Between Lifestyle Models with Stroke Occurrence in South Sulawesi, Indonesia

印度尼西亚南苏拉威西生活方式模型与中风发生率的关系

Pawe&#; Radkowski

Bartosz K&#;dziora

Anna Witt-Majch

Radoslaw Borysiuk

Justyna Dawidowska

&#;ukasz Grabarczyk

Decoding Adversity: Predictors of Poor Outcomes in Admitted COVID-19 Patients-A Retrospective Single Institute Study

解码逆境：住院COVID-19患者不良结局的预测因素——一项回顾性单中心研究

Tomasz J&#;drzejc

&#;ukasz Banasiak

Damian Bronis&#;aw Truszczy&#

Comprehensive Review of Gas Gangrene: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Modern Treatment Approaches

气性坏疽综合评述：发病机制、诊断与现代治疗策略

Dariusz Onichimows

Marcin Mieszko Mieszkowsk

Application of Recombinant Human Activated Protein C in Severe Pseudomembranous Colitis-Case Report

重组人活化蛋白C在重度伪膜性结肠炎中的应用-病例报告

Tamer Ibrahim Abdel-Waha

Sherif Ibrahim Abdel-Waha

Masato Hada

Eman Ibrahim Abdel-Waha

Manal Mohamed Adel

Was a Mysterious Lab Involved in the Development and Production of the SARS-CoV-2 Virus?

神秘实验室是否参与了SARS-CoV-2病毒的研发和生产？

Background and Objective: Schistosomiasis, the worldʼs second-largest parasitic endemic, is a disease caused by worms of the genus Schistosoma.This study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with schistosomiasis in the city of Galim. Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted in the city of Galim from March to June, 2020.Urine and stool samples from 320 participants aged 5 to 75 years, from five, randomly selected neighborhoods (Menazoh, Tatah, Mifi, Urban Centre and Haoussa) were examined using the Kato-Katz qualitative and semi-quantitative method and the centrifugal technique respectively to identify and count Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma haematobium eggs.A semi-structured questionnaire was administered to participants to obtain socio-demographic data and risk factors.Results: The overall prevalence of schistosomiasis was 1.88%, with 1.25% for Schistosoma haematobium and 0.63% for Schistosoma mansoni.Infections concerning age, sex, neighborhood and occupation showed no significant difference.However, there was a significant difference between schistosoma infection with respect to the level of education (X 2 = 8.22, ddl = 3, P = 0.04).The overall parasite load was 9 eggs/10 mL of urine and 168 eggs per gram (Epg) of stools with an average of 2.25 eggs/10 mL of urine in females and 84 Epg of stools in males.Participants aged 10 to 20 and 20 to 35 years had high parasite loads of 3 eggs/10 mL of urine, respectively.Also, people who visited the Mévobo River (OR =2.22) and contaminated water (OR = 67.78) to wash and/or bath had a high risk of contracting this disease.Conclusion: The overall prevalence of schistosomiasis observed in this region shows that the region is a low-risk area.This region requiring mass care and increased awareness campaigns to completely eradicate the disease.

Yamssi Cedric

Noumedem Anangmo Christelle

Amaley Kueka Marie Leti

Gamago Nkadeu Guy-Armand

Vincent Khan Payne

Epidemiology of Schistosomiasis in Galim, Bamboutos Division, West Region, Cameroon

喀麦隆西部地区巴姆布图斯分区加林地区血吸虫病的流行病学

Publication Information	Publisher: Asian Network for Scientific Information，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 2014，Proportion of original research papers: ，Self Citation Rate:， Gold OA Rate:

Asian Journal of Epidemiology

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