Asian Journal of Clinical Nutrition

Abstract: Background and Objective: Neural Tube Defect (NTD) is the leading cause of death in infants younger than one year. Incidence of congenital anomalies has approximately 1 in 1000 live births in the United States. Less dietary folic acid and vitamin B12 in the mother during the critical period of pregnancy reported to play a role in the occurrence of neural tube defects. The aim of this study was compared the level of folic acid and vitamin B12 in both mother and her child with and without NTD. Methodology: This study was cross-sectional design and will be examined levels of folic acid in six mothers and children with and without neural tube defect in Saiful Anwar Hospital during September, 2009 until September, 2013. Results: This study showed no significant differences of folic acid and vitamin B12 level between NTD and control group in mothers (p>0.05). The study also showed no significant differences of folic acid and vitamin B12 level between NTD group and control group in children (p>0.05). Conclusion: The level of folic acid and vitamin B12 in the mother having neural tube defect child as much as the mother with haven’t neural tube defect child. Additionally, the result of the children above a year with neural tube defect and without neural tube defect has same folic acid and vitamin B12 level.

Amalia Tri Utami

Siti Chandra Windu Baktiyani

Moch. Istiadjid Eddy Santosa

Level of Folic Acid and Vitamin B12 in Mothers and Children with Neural Tube Defect

叶酸和维生素B12在患有神经管缺陷的母子中的水平

母亲和神经管缺陷儿童的叶酸和维生素B12水平

母亲与神经管畸形儿童的叶酸和维生素B12水平

母亲与神经管畸形患儿中叶酸和维生素B12的水平

Background and Objective: Stunting is a growing problem that happens to children caused by lacking some certain nutrients.Stunting based on TB/U index using WHO standard with Z-Score <-2 SD.This study determine the effect of cookies with and without red beans on TB/U Z-Score and albumin levels of stunted children aged 13-36 months in Durian and Kuba Sentang Village.Materials and Methods: Quasi experiment is a type of research that is used with pre and post test design, the population is all children aged 13-36 months who experience stunting, then the sample was divided into two groups of stunting toddlers who were given cookies with and without red beans, each group consists of 26 people.Provision of cookies with and without red beans given every day as much as 5 pieces (20 g/chip) weighing 100 g for 12 weeks.Data were collected with TB data and albumin levels before and after giving the cookies.The albumin content was examined in the North Sumatra Regional Health Laboratory.Results: Cookies with red beans affect the bodyʼs height and albumin levels while the group of cookies without red beans only affects albumin levels.As for the difference in Z-Score and blood albumin using the T-independent test, there were differences in the treatment group compared to the control group with p<0.05.Conclusion: Red bean cookies which are rich in protein, zinc, calcium and Fe were able to increase Z-Score (TB/U) and blood albumin levels.

Efendi Nainggolan

Ginta Siahaan

Urbanus Sihotang

Dameria .

Effectiveness of Red Bean Cookies Increases Z-Score and Albumin in Stunting Children 13-36 Months at Pantai Labu Health Center

红豆饼干对13-36个月发育迟缓儿童Z评分和白蛋白增加的有效性——以Pantai Labu卫生中心为例

Background and Objective: The dilapidating action of diabetes mellitus makes it a disease of major public health importance.The study was on the effect of mixed aqueous extracts of A. sativum, A. muricata and C. citratus, leaves on the blood glucose and lipid profile of hyperglycemic rats.Materials and Methods: The study adopted an experimental study design where 15 adult male Albino rats were assigned randomly to 2 treatment groups and 1 non-treatment group, 5 rats in each group.The leaves were harvested and processed into aqueous extract using the standard method.About 1 g each of the extracts was dissolved in 10 mL of distilled water to make a stock of 100 mg mLG 1 of extract.Alloxan was used to induce hyperglycemia in rats.Treatment commenced once diabetes was established and lasted for 21 days.Blood glucose levels and lipid profiles were evaluated using standard methods.Statistical tool (ANOVA and DMRT) was carried out, while percentage difference was used to determine study effect.Results: The result revealed that the initial glucose level of the rats ranged from 57.80-69.60mg dLG 1 , their blood glucose level after induction ranged from 253.20-293.20 mg dLG 1 .There was 14.93, 19.19 and 25.43% fall on days 7, 14 and 21, respectively, in the blood glucose levels of the rats after treatment with mixed aqueous extracts of the leaves, while the antidiabetic drug showed a 15.14, 25.17 and 61.19% decline on same days.The LDL level showed an 80.4% fall, while the was a 28.8% increase in the HDL level of the rats treated mixed aqueous extracts of the leaves.Conclusion: Mixed aqueous extracts of the leaves thus, is useful in anti-hyperglycemic and anti-hyperlipidemic activity as observed in the study and then could be used in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Ijioma Okorie

Chiemela Goodluck N

Amarachi Ihedinachi

Raymond Ade Adesan

Ngozi M. Nnam

Effect of Mixed Aqueous Extracts of Allium sativum, Annona muricata and Cymbopogon citratus Leaves on the Blood Glucose and Lipid Profile of Hyperglycemic Rats

大蒜、刺果番荔枝和柠檬香茅叶水提取物混合物对高血糖大鼠血糖和血脂水平的影响

Thiamine (vitamin B 1 ) is a water-soluble and essential vitamin and act as a coenzyme after converting to thiamine pyrophosphate in crucial metabolic enzymes of pyruvate dehydrogenase, "-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase and transketolase.The original paper that investigated the influence of stepwise increases in carbohydrate intake on thiamine requirement seems to mislead the reader into considering an increase in thiamine requirement for excessive carbohydrate intake.Thiamine is reabsorbed in the brush border membrane of renal proximal tubular cells through thiamine transporters.The transport of thiamine with a stoichiometric thiamin/H + exchange of 1:1 is facilitated by the outward H + gradient and the low thiamine intracellular concentration maintained by its rapid conversion to thiamine pyrophosphate.The thiamine reabsorption is affected by the activity of Na + /H + exchanger 3 secreting H + for the acidification of tubular fluid.The exit of thiamine into an interstitial fluid is coupled directly to the hydrolysis of ATP in sodium pump.The activity of Na + /H + exchanger 3 has been demonstrated to be enhanced in diabetic patients and suppressed by sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors.Excessive glucose reabsorption is presumed to inhibit the thiamin reabsorption in the proximal tubule, leading to an increase in urinary thiamine excretion as demonstrated in diabetic patients.Thiamine supplementation would not be required only for a carbohydrate-rich diet while keeping in mind the thiamine bioavailability and metabolism in the body.Further studies are needed to clarify the relationship between excessive carbohydrate intake and thiamine requirement.

Yuya Nago

Takamichi Mizuhashi

Yuji Aoki

Excessive Carbohydrate Intake is Misleadingly Considered to Increase Thiamine Requirement for Carbohydrate Metabolism

过量碳水化合物摄入被误导性地认为会增加碳水化合物代谢所需的硫胺素需求

Takashi Aoyama

Saori Yamanashi

Ayako Yamada

Moeri Ikeda

Mariko Mori

Yuko Tsuneishi

Kyoko Nishimoto

Misako Tsuchiya

Miho Hasaba

Keiko Abe

Dietary Events for Social Activity in Children, Adolescents and Young Adults Cancer Patients

儿童、青少年和年轻成年癌症患者的社交活动饮食事件

Background and Objective: Malnutrition has become a health problem in developing countries such as Indonesia.This can provide an effect on body composition, decreasing albumin levels and immunity status.Patin fish is well-known to have a high level of protein concentration and has a positive-effect on malnutrition.To investigate the effect of Patin fish protein concentrate (PFPC) on the albumin levels and immunity status of Sprague Dawley baby ratʼs malnutrition.Materials and Methods: The study was a true-experiment study with a randomized pre-posttest with a control group.Thirty rats were divided into 5 groups; control of normal (K 1 ) and malnutrition (K 2 ), malnutrition with PFPC 13.26 (P 1 ), 19.89 (P 2 ) and casein 13.26 (P 3 ) mg gG 1 b.wt.dayG 1 .The analysis was carried out with the paired t-test, Wilcoxon, ANOVA and Kruskal Wallis test.Results: The results showed that malnutrition has an effect on BW, albumin levels, leukocytes count and IgG levels.Post-intervention showed an increase of albumin levels in the intervention groups (p<0.05) and a significant decrease in control groups (p<0.05).There is a decrease in leukocytes count and IgG level post-intervention in intervention groups (p<0.05) and a significant increase in the post-intervention control groups (p<0.05).There were significant differences between all groups on albumin levels, leukocytes count and IgG levels.Conclusion: PFPC could improve albumin and immunity levels in malnutrition baby rats.PFPC dose of 19.89 mg gG 1 b.wt.dayG 1 is the best formula in improving albumin and immunity levels.

Samnil Astuti Fit

Annisa Zikra

Muflihatul Muniroh

Tri Winarni Agustini

Patin (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) Fish Protein Concentrate Improves Albumin and Immunity Levels in Malnutrition Rats

巴丁鱼（低眼巨鲶）鱼蛋白浓缩物改善营养不良大鼠的白蛋白和免疫水平

Publication Information	Publisher: Asian Network for Scientific Information，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 2009，Proportion of original research papers: ，Self Citation Rate:， Gold OA Rate:

Asian Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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Level of Folic Acid and Vitamin B12 in Mothers and Children with Neural Tube Defect

Level of Folic Acid and Vitamin B12 in Mothers and Children with Neural Tube Defect

Level of Folic Acid and Vitamin B12 in Mothers and Children with Neural Tube Defect

Level of Folic Acid and Vitamin B12 in Mothers and Children with Neural Tube Defect

Level of Folic Acid and Vitamin B12 in Mothers and Children with Neural Tube Defect

Effectiveness of Red Bean Cookies Increases Z-Score and Albumin in Stunting Children 13-36 Months at Pantai Labu Health Center

Effect of Mixed Aqueous Extracts of Allium sativum, Annona muricata and Cymbopogon citratus Leaves on the Blood Glucose and Lipid Profile of Hyperglycemic Rats

Excessive Carbohydrate Intake is Misleadingly Considered to Increase Thiamine Requirement for Carbohydrate Metabolism

Dietary Events for Social Activity in Children, Adolescents and Young Adults Cancer Patients

Patin (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) Fish Protein Concentrate Improves Albumin and Immunity Levels in Malnutrition Rats