American-Eurasian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture

Ang LingYuen

Norinsan Kamil Othman

Azman Jalar

Ismayadi Ismail

AMERICAN-EURASIAN JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE

The effect of magnetic field on corrosion inhibitor of copper in 0.5 M NaCl solution.

磁场对0.5 M NaCl溶液中铜缓蚀剂的影响。

M. A. I. Ahmed

F. A. Abdel-Galil

S. A. H. Temerak

S. H. M. Manna

Bio-residual activity of selected biopesticides in comparison with the conventional insecticide dursban against cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

所选生物农药对棉铃虫的生物残留活性与常规杀虫剂毒死蜱的比较研究。

The crisis of Egyptian wheat production is generally attributed to several problems. The most important one is scarcity of the agricultural lands and water limited the cultivated lands flakiness and the use of wheat crop by its production dominant state as Pressure tool on the political decision and threatens for the Egyptian national security. The wheat crop production in the North Egypt is characterized with its productivity efficiency compared to the Upper Egypt .The study of the most important factors affecting the production of different wheat Varieties shows the increase of the production factors about 10% that is leads to the increase of production rate in the North Egypt about 30.6% and in the Upper Egypt about 34.85%. Compared to the sample Varieties productivity with productivity average and The production capacity for the Variety The total wasting production size reaches about 522.4 thousand tone ,and about 813.4 thousand ton that is contribute to the reduction of wheat imports rate about 5.3% and 8.3% respectively. The wheat Varieties in the sample are characterized with its ability to endure high temperature and thus its cultivation can overcome the climate changes problems, and lessening of wheat gap by cultivating the sods12Variety which cultivation quality in the salty lands was proved. Thus it saves about 6.5 million ton of wheat which can contribute to the reduction of Egyptian imports ratio about 66.3 %. Comparison of the spent pound return in the two areas of study show high return in the North Egypt about 39.3% compared to the Upper Egypt. Using lazar leveling can contribute to the increase of the different wheat Varieties production about 30%. This increases different Varieties costs. It was indicated that production increase rate exceeds cost increase rate. thus The most important recommendations is necessary to revive and activate the agricultural guide's role in order to contribute based on his experience to transferring the new Varieties production methods of the wheat crop, so as the farmer can realize the highest efficiency by using the available productivity resources. This will help realize the highest productivity level of the studied Varieties productivity and thus reduces the production waste, also generalization the laser leveling use in the republic leads to reduce the Egyptian imports size about 30%.

N. Y. Solieman

R. M. Barghash

A. A. Hassan

Economic study of the impact of using some technological methods on the Egyptian wheat crop productivity.

一些技术方法对埃及小麦作物生产力影响的经济研究。

In the present work, a series of solid biopolymer electrolytes (SBEs) from carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) doped with ammonium fluoride (NH4F) (0 - 13 wt. %) was successfully prepared by solution cast technique. SBE sample containing 9 wt.% NH4F was found to exhibit the highest ionic conductivity of 2.68 x 10 -7 Scm -1 at ambient temperature. XRD analysis revealed that the SBE samples containing NH4F salt to be semi-crystalline in nature. FTIR spectra showed that the interaction between CMC and NH4F has occurred in the polymersalt system and the CMC-NH4F SBE system was a proton conductor.

M. A. Ramlli

K. H. Kamarudin

M. I. N. Isa

Ionic Conductivity and Structural Analysis of Carboxymethyl Cellulose Doped With Ammonium Fluoride as Solid Biopolymer Electrolytes

羧甲基纤维素掺杂氟化铵的离子导电性和结构分析作为固体生物聚合物电解质

Wheat is on top of the food crops Egyptian population depends on in daily food consumption, i.e., wheat is the staple food for Egyptians. The continuous increase in demand for wheat coupled with the shortage of domestic production despite the improve in average yield per feddan that amounted to 18.5 ardabs at the country level resulted in increasing wheat imports to 8.3 million tons worth US$ 3196 million in 2012, which can be explained by the limited agricultural land area thus difficulty of horizontal expansion. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the possibility of increasing wheat production without negatively influencing other crops by studying the possibility of adopting terrace farming, and identifying the associated impacts on farmers and the national income. To achieve such objectives, a field sample of 40 wheat farmers has been drawn from Sharkia Governorate, of which that terrace farming of wheat outperformed traditional farming, As for the methodology, the study depended on descriptive and analytical statistical methods in explaining the achieved results.The study of sample showes that are where it led to increasing net revenue per feddan by 32.3%; increasing revenue per invested pound by21%; and increasing production per feddan by 19.3%. As for studying the possibility of generalizing terrace farming on 50% of the wheat acreage inside the valley, results indicated that wheat production can be increased by 2.086 million tons that helps save US$ 803 million from the value of wheat imports. In addition, farmer’s revenue can be increased by LE 3771/feddan. Therefore, the study recommended supporting and encouraging farmers’ adopting of terrace farming in order to improve the standards of living of farmers in specific, and to ease the burden on the country’s Balance of Trade in general.

A. Z. Othman

R. Barghash

A comparative economic study of wheat production under terrace and traditional farming systems in Sharkia Governorate in Egypt.

埃及沙基亚省梯田与传统耕作系统下小麦生产的比较经济研究。

Soil salinization is a global problem which restricts the choice of crops for cultivation.Management and reclamation of saline soils using costly and time-consuming methods such as the installation of drainage systems are beyond the reach of poor farmers.Therefore, it is crucial to look for alternate crops which are more salt-tolerant.One such crop is quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa W.), which has high nutritious value and capacity to grow in marginal conditions.As crops vary in their tolerance to salinity, they need to be evaluated for different salinity conditions.This study was conducted to evaluate five quinoa genotypes (ICBA-Q1, ICBA-Q2), ICBA-Q3, ICBA-Q4 and ICBA-Q5) for their salinity tolerance under four artificially induced salinity (5, 10, 15, 20 dS m -1 ) levels.The parameters studied were the rate of seed germination, plant height, dry biomass, nutritional content and grain yield.The results indicate that salinity had an inhibitory effect on all parameters.Out of 5 quinoa genotypes, ICBA-Q3 and ICBA-Q4 proved more salt-tolerant under saline conditions concerning dry biomass and grain yield and nutritional contents.Therefore these two genotypes are recommended to farmers for large-scale adaptation in the salt-affected areas of Ethiopia.

Asad Sarwar Qureshi

Ashenafi Worku

Ashenafi Daba

Differential analysis of five quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa W.) genotypes under different salt stresses in a controlled environment

控制环境下五种藜麦（Chenopodium quinoa W.）基因型在不同盐胁迫下的差异分析

Sustainable agriculture plays a vital role in the economies of both under-developed and developed countries.This role is more vital for agricultural countries.The first task is to achieve a state of food security for all the population through sustainable agriculture.Sustainable agriculture includes the investment of available natural resources, the employment of all potential opportunities for the rural population, and agricultural raw materials to increase agricultural exports in order to reduce the balance of payments deficit.The purpose of the study is to examine the relationship between selected variables that shared between sustainable agriculture by its indicators and food security by its determinants in Hungary in the long term, the descriptive analysis.This study was based on data collection and information that helps to accurately describe the problem and analyze it, will be used to deliver accurate results.The historical approach will be used to identify and analyze the reasons for the relationships among the variables, as well as the study of their direction and growth; the collected data was subjected for analysis by using Gretl program (version, 2017).Results were summarised cointegration relations to examine the relationship between the variables, using VAR model, the study analyzed the dynamic relationship between Macroeconomic variables which have been chosen to be the link between sustainable agriculture and food security by the selection of some indicators of sustainable agriculture (Emission gas Greenhouse, Fertilizers consumption, Organic Farming, Agriculture Area).

Ola Al Jaafreh

Imre Nagy

Food Security and Sustainable Agriculture: A Case of Hungary

粮食安全与可持续农业：匈牙利案例研究

Organic greenhouse cucumber (cucumis sativus L.) can be considered as one of several approaches to sustainable agriculture.It is more economic than conventionally grown cucumber crops.The main objective is to optimize yield and decrease costs.In general, excess in agricultural production on a reasonable basis and at a competitive price is vital to becoming better the farmers' economic situation.We introduce Weighted Goal Programming (WGP) as an efficient model in reaching optimality, involving net return, regular labor cost, crop collection cost, engineering supervision cost and seeds cost.The result revealed that the yield for cucumber crop in both greenhouse and open field covered its actual costs of production.Irrespective of the factors affecting the cucumber growth, the first optimization results are WGP model achieves the unique optimal solution for the overall problem, in greenhouse x = 165.1883tons/acre in spring, 50.00 tons/acre in autumn, and in open field x =13.8796 tons/acre in spring, 10.4640 tons/acre in autumn.This study concluded that the cucumber greenhouse system has been shown to have higher profitability than the open-field system and is more efficient which compensates its extra costs.A marketing aspect study was suggested as it could open up more avenues for improving the performance of this organic greenhouse production system as an essential sub-sector.

Abdel Zainab

Muhammad Rushdi

Khaled El

Sayed Abd

El Mowla

Zainab Embaby

Yield Optimization for Organic Greenhouse Cucumber Production

有机温室黄瓜生产的产量优化

Currently, antibiotic resistance poses a serious threat as far as both animal and human therapies are concerned, and the monitoring of this problem plays an important role in sustainable development.It can affect anyone, anywhere.The aim of this is to evaluate the risk of microbial resistant to pathogenic bacteria isolated from ground meat marketed in the eastern region of Morocco.The enumeration of pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Escherichia coli (E.coli) and Salmonella spp.were carried out using ISO 6888-2, ISO16649-2 and ISO 6579 methods respectively.Indeed, the study of antibiotic resistance was carried out using the Mueller-Hinton medium according to the method described by French society of microbiology.A total of 51 samples of ground meat collected in eastern Moroccan butchers throughout March-April 2015-2017, were used to study the health risks of antibiotic resistance, 34 photogenic bacteria belonging to the following species Escherichia coli, salmonella and S. aureus were isolated.The antibiogram results showed that 100% of tested E. coli and salmonella strains are highly resistant to penicillin A, Nitrofurantoin, Erythromycin, Thiamphenicol, and Tetracycline.However, they are susceptible to Gentamicin and Colistin, and 100 % of E. coli and S. aureus strains are susceptible to Cotrimoxazole.All tested bacterial strains (E.coli, Salmonella, and S. aureus) are susceptible to Gentamicin and have medium resistance to Streptomycin.These strong bacterial resistances largely explain the excessive and unsustainable uses of antibiotics in human and veterinary medicine, which calls for surveillance and vigilance against this global problem.

Kamal Belhaj

Mohammed Khamri

Abdelouadoud Omari

Islam Abbadi

; Chaouki Belbachir

Ahmed Elamrani

Antimicrobial resistance of pathogenic bacteria isolated from minced meat in eastern Morocco

东摩洛哥碎肉中分离的致病菌的抗菌药物耐药性

One way that can be done to increase rice production is the expansion of the harvest area by increasing the rice crop index.Irrigation water supply at certain times is increasingly scarce so that proper management of irrigation water by subak is needed to increase agricultural productivity.Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of irrigation water distribution systems in Subak Padanggalak, under the Kedewatan Irrigation Area, Bali.The effectiveness parameter of the water distribution system was specified by using the percentage of area covered from water distribution in Subak Padanggalak throughout the year.The results of the analysis show that the water distribution system is useful as it was able to irrigate the all-area Subak Padanggalak throughout the year adequately.The existing rice cropping index is 250%, and the potential index of food crops is 300%.

Ratna Dewi

Nyoman Parining

Wayan Widyantara

Effectiveness of Irrigation Water Distribution System in Enhancing Rice Cropping Index at Subak Padanggalak, Kedewatan Irrigation Area, Bali

巴厘岛克德瓦坦灌溉区苏巴克帕当加拉克灌溉水分配系统对提高水稻种植指数的有效性

Publication Information	Publisher: American-Eurasian Network for Scientific Information，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 2009，Proportion of original research papers: ，Self Citation Rate:， Gold OA Rate:

American-Eurasian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture

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