Advances in Environmental Biology

Soybeans (Glycine max L.) is one of the most valuable crop cultivated in the world, it serves as a good dietary source of protein for human diet and oil seed and as a feed for livestock and aquaculture and also as a feed stock for biofuel. Soybean oil is used directly in food and preventing high blood pressure caused by arteriosclerosis. It also contains lot of the essential vitamins for the body. Soybean cultivation in India started in 1976. Soybean production in India has increased to about 966 ha. Yield levels have stabilized at about 2895 metric ton per hectare. This present review is focusing on the plant growth promotion activity of Bradyrhizobium communities with special reference to cultivation of Soybean.

Abdel Razzaq Al-Tawaha

Plant growth promoting activity of Bradyrhizobium communities with special reference to Soybean (Glycine max L.) cultivation: A review

根瘤菌群对促进植物生长的活性及其在栽培大豆（Glycine max L.）中的应用：综述

Pollen morphology of 21 ornamental plants belonging to 20 genera occurring in Jeddah province public gardens were studied. This study aimed to observe and describe the pollen morphology using LM. This investigation presented an examination of the morphology of pollen, and was described in detail using the following parameters: pollen size, pollen shape, apertures, pollen surface, pollen unit, pollen symmetry, polarity, with calculations of the polar axis (P), equatorial axis (E) and P/E ratio. It may very useful identification and classification of pollen grain of ornamental plants. So principal pollen characters for each plant were provided in tables, which give indication of the importance of palynology in separation and delimitation of taxa

Faraj Abdullah Al-Ghamd

Abdulrahaman Saeed Hajer

Hassan Saeed Al Zahran

Rashed Musaed Al Sabehi

http://www.aensiweb.net/AENSIWEB/aeb/aeb_June_2021.html

This study aimed to determine the ability of farmers to supply corn to village collectors in Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi province. This study was conducted from August to November 2018. This study used descriptive qualitative and quantitative approaches. The data analysis used was descriptive statistics. The results showed that the activities of farmers in supply chain activities on the exchange function, namely selling corn to village collectors, and doing planting, maintenance and harvesting, in the physical function of farmers doing shelling corn and carrying shelled corn in sacks that can hold 70 kg 80 kg. In the facility function, farmers receive financing from village collectors, and seek information on corn prices in order to compare market prices with the established price transaction or payment system for corn and farmers are ready to bear the risk in case of corn harvest failure

Ilham Rasyid

Sitti Nurani Sirajuddin

Hastang H

Nirwana N

Farmers' Ability to Supply Corn to Village Collectors in Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia

南苏拉威西省塔卡拉尔县农民向村级收购商供应玉米的能力

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) consider a global environmental problem. A massive fish death occurred in two coastal Red Sea lagoons: Al-Nawras and Al-Arbaeen (Jeddah, Saudi Arabia), and the main cause was associated to bloom of microalgal Chrysochromulina species which can feed on bacteria (phagotrophic). There are bacterial strains that capable of inhibiting or lysing HAB species by producing algicidal substances. On another hand, the resistant of pathogenic bacteria to drugs have become a critical global threat. Thus, finding an effective alternative solution is essential, especially that taken advantage of the phagocytosis in Chrysochromulina and applied on pathogenic bacteria has not been studied enough yet. The aim of the article is to understanding the relationship that occur between Chrysochromulina and bacteria.

Maryam Sultan Al-Nahdi

Fotoon Abd Allah Sayegh

Feeding and bioremediation relationships between Chrysochromulina species and bacteria

金藻种类与细菌之间的摄食和生物修复关系

Research has been carried out to evaluate the growth dynamics of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) Lactobacillus plantarum (L.plantarum) using collagen extract (CE) from the broiler claw skin (BCS) as a substrate. The bacterial dynamics studied were related to total lactic acid (TLA) production, pH, dissolved protein (DP) and bacterial growth (BG) during the fermentation process. A total of 50 g of BCS was used with fermentation time (24; 48 and 72 hours). The results was showed that fermentation time using L.plantarum as a culture with CE from BCS as a substrate did not affect on bacterial dynamics (TLA, pH, dissolved protein and BG) during the fermentation process. Using L.plantarum with EC from BCS as substrate can be applied with 24 hours fermentation time. The bacterial dynamics produced by the fermentation time were 2.35±0.50%; 5.88±0.10; 45.60±2.21 mg/mL and 15.591±0.92 Log10 CFU/mL respectively.

Muhammad Irfan Said

Effendi Abustam

Hasma A

Muhammad Fatahillah Arifin

Abdel Rahman Al-Tawaha

Effect of Fermentation Time on The Dynamics of Lactobacillus plantarum Bacteria using Collagen Extract from Broiler Claw Skin as a Substrate

发酵时间对乳酸杆菌植物乳杆菌细菌动力学的影响——以鸡爪皮肤胶原蛋白提取物为底物

In the present study, the first report of Mesembryanthemum (Opophytum ) forsskalii Hochst. ex Boiss Al-Samh has been documented in the southern desert of Jordan, particularly (Al-Jafer). M. forsskalii was widely planted and well-known in the local community as Al-Samh. The chemical composition of sameh seeds collected from the south desert of Jordan have been studied. Proximate analysis showed a composition of 23.2% protein, 11.5% moisture, 4.4% fat, 6.6% ash, 9.1% crude fiber, and total carbohydrates. ADF and NDF percent were 19.2 and 32.5, respectively. Al-Samh flour was clearly noted used by local people in the region of study. The results build the scientific stone for Al-Samh value. As Al-Samh seeds are a rich source of protein and could be used for producing high protein products, It could be promising to make bread and cookies or any other traditional food in the region.

Sami A. Awabdeh

Hassan M. Asouf

Khaled M. Tawarah

Khaled M. Abulaila

Shahed S. Al Nsour

Chemical Profiling Analysis of Mesembryanthemum (opophytum) forsskalii Hochst. ex Boiss. In Jordan

约旦松叶菊（Opophytum）forsskalii Hochst. ex Boiss.的化学成分分析

Research on farmer-livestock groups' perceptions of cattle assistance from the Animal Husbandry and Animal Health Service of South Sulawesi Province in Soppeng Regency was carried out in February - March 2022. This location was chosen because Soppeng Regency is one of the areas that received cattle assistance programs from the Livestock and Animal Husbandry Office. Animal Health and success in the development of beef cattle population and also in Soppeng Regency has a very strategic beef cattle farming business development. This research uses descriptive quantitative research, which describes or illustrates the perception of farmers/breeders towards the cattle assistance program from the Department of Livestock and Animal Health of South Sulawesi Province in Soppeng Regency. The number of samples in this study were 42 farmers with deliberate sampling. Analysis of the data used is descriptive analysis using a Likert scale. Based on the results of research on farmer perceptions of the beef cattle assistance program provided by the government through the Animal Husbandry and Animal Health Service of South Sulawesi Province in Soppeng Regency, it was found that the perception of cattle farmers with indicators of farmer income, mindset, breeding methods, population increase, and quality livestock received by farmers are in the high category because they are more likely to agree with the beef cattle assistance program.

Anugrah Wijayanti Masse

Amrullah A

Breeders' Perceptions of Cattle Aid from the Provincial Government of South Sulawesi

南苏拉威西省政府牛援助的育种者认知

This study aimed to examine the effect of supplementing moringa leaf meal on offal Mojosari ducks. This study used 60 female Mojosari ducks aged 3 weeks and used three different types of feed as treatments and one different type of feed as controls, with three replications for each treatment. The treatment with feed supplementation was P0 = 0% moringa leaf meal, P1 = 5% moringa leaf meal, P2 = 10% moringa leaf powder, and P3 = 15% moringa leaf meal. The parameters observed were offal, consisting of liver, heart, head, legs, feathers, and blood. The data obtained in this study were processed using analysis of variance and continued with the Duncan test. The results showed that the addition of moringa leaf powder had no effect (non-significant) (P &gt; 0.05) on the offal of Mojosari ducks, namely the weight of the liver, heart, and feathers, while the weight of the head, legs, and blood showed a significant effect (P&lt;0.05). Therefore, this study concluded that the addition of moringa leaf meal generally had an impact on the weight of the offal component of Mojosari ducks at the 15% level.

Munir A

Muhammad Jurhadi

Rahmawati Semaun

Effects of Moringa Leaf Flour on Mojosari Ducks Offal At Various Supplementation Levels

辣木叶粉对不同补充水平下Mojosari鸭内脏的影响

This research aimed to know the business profit analysis of rejected laying hen traders. This research was conducted at the Palakka Central Market located in Bone Regency. The type of research conducted in this research is quantitative. The type of data used in this study is quantitative data, which is data in the form of numbers. Quantitative data includes data on the number of sales, operating costs, and income of rejected laying hens. The population, namely the number of sellers of rejected laying hens amounted to 8 people. The data obtained from the interviews of respondents in the field were processed and tabulated, and then the data were analyzed. Based on the research, it can be concluded that the profit of the highest rejected layer (layer) traders was IDR. 3,454,075 and the least profit was amounting to IDR. 2,594,563 in one month. This profit itself was influenced by the costs incurred by the merchant and the amount sold to the buyer.

Agung Kurniawan Yusuf

Vidyahwati Tenrisanna

Veronica Sri Lestari

Business Profit Analysis of Rejected Laying Hen Traders

淘汰蛋鸡商贩的利润分析

This study aim to determine the role of gender at pig farming in Poso Regency. This research was conducted from December 2021 to January 2022. The type of research used was descriptive research. The number of samples used in this study were 33 farmer families using a simple random sampling method by lottery. The data collection method used was by observation and interviews. Analysis of the data used was descriptive analysis. The research revealed that gender roles based on the aspect of male access dominated conducting counseling/training activities and accessing information. Gender roles based on control aspects were dominated by women and also shared. Gender roles based on aspects of decision-making were mostly done together and gender roles based on aspects of benefits, both men and women felt the same benefits from raising pigs.

Ni Kadek Rindia Wati

Andi Amidah Amrawaty

Gender roles at pig farming

养猪场中的性别角色

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