显微镜，以前的电子显微镜杂志，促进与任何类型的显微镜技术相结合的研究，应用于生命和材料科学。显微镜是日本显微镜学会的官方期刊。

Microscopy (Oxford, England) is the official journal of the Japanese Society of Microscopy, dedicated to promoting research related to various microscopy techniques applied in the fields of life sciences and materials science.

《Microscopy (Oxford, England)》是日本显微镜学会的官方期刊，致力于促进与各种显微镜技术相关的研究，涵盖生命科学和材料科学领域。

Microscopy (Oxford, England)

Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is currently expanding its application from molecular structures to cellular structures. The cellular environment is heterogeneous, containing many different proteins, and very crowded. This environment is in sharp contrast to the specimens for single particle analysis, by which purified homogeneous samples are analyzed. To answer biological questions from the structural studies of cells, it is crucial to identify biological molecules (typically, proteins) of interest and tagging is becoming the critical technique for cryo-EM. In this review, we explain the requirements for tags and review recent advances of tagging and identification methods for cryo-EM.

Masahide Kikkawa

Haruaki Yanagisawa

Microscopy

Identifying proteins in the cell by tagging techniques for cryo-electron microscopy

Abstract During the in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations, the diverse functionalities of different specimen holders play a crucial role. We hereby provide a comprehensive overview of the main types of holders, associated technologies and case studies pertaining to the widely employed heating and gas heating methods, from their initial developments to the latest advancement. In addition to the conventional approaches, we also discuss the emergence of holders that incorporate a micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) chip for in situ observations. The MEMS technology offers a multitude of functions within a single chip, thereby enhancing the capabilities and versatility of the holders. MEMS chips have been utilized in environmental-cell designs, enabling customized fabrication of diverse shapes. This innovation has facilitated their application in conducting in situ observations within gas and liquid environments, particularly in the investigation of catalytic and battery reactions. We summarize recent noteworthy studies conducted using in situ liquid TEM. These studies highlight significant advancements and provide valuable insights into the utilization of MEMS chips in environmental-cells, as well as the expanding capabilities of in situ liquid TEM in various research domains.

Toshie Yaguchi

Mia L San Gabriel

Ayako Hashimoto

Jane Y Howe

<i>In situ</i> TEM study from the perspective of holders

<i>原位</i>透射电子显微镜研究：从样品杆的角度

Abstract Optimum bright-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (OBF STEM) is a recently developed low-dose imaging technique that uses a segmented or pixelated detector. While we previously reported that OBF STEM with a segmented detector has a higher efficiency than conventional STEM techniques such as annular bright field (ABF), the imaging efficiency is expected to be further improved by using a pixelated detector. In this study, we adopted a pixelated detector for the OBF technique and investigated the imaging characteristics. Because OBF imaging is based on the thick weak phase object approximation (tWPOA), a non-zero crystalline sample thickness is considered in addition to the conventional WPOA, where the pixelated OBF method can be regarded as the theoretical extension of single side band (SSB) ptychography. Thus, we compared these two techniques via signal-to-noise ratio transfer functions (SNRTFs), multi-slice image simulations, and experiments, showing how the OBF technique can improve dose efficiency from the conventional WPOA-based ptychographic imaging.

Kousuke Ooe

Takehito Seki

Mitsuru Nogami

Yuichi Ikuhara

Naoya Shibata

Dose-efficient phase-contrast imaging of thick weak phase objects via OBF STEM using a pixelated detector

通过像素化探测器利用OBF STEM实现厚弱相位物体的剂量高效相位衬度成像

Abstract This report revisits the statistical atom location by channeling enhanced microanalysis (St-ALCHEMI) method, correcting the dopant site occupancy error by applying an appropriate error propagation rule. A revised equation for calculating the uncertainty in the determined dopant fractions is proposed. The revised equation is expected to correct the uncertainty in the determined dopant fractions, which is particularly significant in cases of low dopant concentrations and variable dopant occupancies across inequivalent host atomic sites. The approach is validated using Eu-doped Ca2SnO4 as a typical model system.

Akimitsu Ishizuka

Masahiro Ohtsuka

Shunsuke Muto

Improved Dopant Fraction Variance Estimation in Statistical ALCHEMI Based on Correct Error Propagation Rule

基于正确误差传播规则的统计ALCHEMI中改进的掺杂剂分数方差估计

Abstract Although modern scanning electron microscope (SEM) possess several electron detectors, it is not clear what kind of information is contained in a SEM image taken by a certain detector. Especially the detectors installed in the objective lens are difficult to know their characters. Thus, we propose a simple method to assess the acceptance of electron detector using a stainless-steel sphere. After taking images under certain conditions, say electron beam energy, working distance etc., the image intensity of each pixel point, which is characterized by coordinate (θ, φ), is evaluated. The advantage of this method is the ease of implementation and the whole information of electron emission from the tilted surfaces is contained in the image. Using this information, the acceptance of the detector can be analyzed systematically. In this paper, the traditional Everhart-Thornley detector is analyzed with this method. It is demonstrated how the sphere image changes according to the measurement condition. The ET image quality is strongly governed by working distance but not so much by the electron beam energy. We propose an alternative method to avoid the ambiguity of working distance. Using a needle type specimen stage, the ET image does not vary so much with WD and the reliability of ET image significantly improves.

Takashi Sekiguchi

Yuanzhao Yao

Ryosuke Sonoda

Yasunari Sohda

Acceptance characterization of electron detector in SEM using stainless steel sphere

使用不锈钢球对扫描电镜中电子探测器的接受特性进行表征

Structural observations are essential for the advancement of life science. Volume electron microscopy has recently realized remarkable progress in the three-dimensional analyses of biological specimens for elucidating complex ultrastructures in several fields of life science. The advancements in volume electron microscopy technologies have led to improvements, including higher resolution, more stability, and the ability to handle larger volumes. Although human applications of volume electron microscopy remain limited, the reported applications in various organs have already provided previously unrecognized features of human tissues and also novel insights of human diseases. Simultaneously, the application of volume electron microscopy to human studies faces challenges, including ethical and clinical hurdles, costs of data storage and analysis, and efficient and automated imaging methods for larger volume. Solutions including the use of residual clinical specimens and data analysis based on artificial intelligence would address those issues and establish the role of volume electron microscopy in human structural research. Future advancements in volume electron microscopy are anticipated to lead to transformative discoveries in basic research and clinical practice, deepening our understanding of human health and diseases for better diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Makoto Abe

Nobuhiko Ohno

Recent advancement and human tissue applications of volume electron microscopy

体积电子显微技术的最新进展及其在人体组织中的应用

A simple method that improves the resolution of the phase measurement of differential phase-contrast (DPC) scanning transmission electron microscopy for closed-type environmental cell applications was developed and tested using a model sample simulating environmental cell observations. Because the top and bottom membranes of an environmental cell are typically far apart, the images from these membranes are shifted widely by tilt-series acquisition, and averaging the images after alignment can effectively eliminate undesired signals from the membranes while improving the signal from the object of interest. It was demonstrated that a phase precision of 2π/100 rad is well achievable using the proposed method for the sample in an environmental cell.

Kazutaka Mitsuishi

Fumiaki Ichihashi

Yoshio Takahashi

Katsuaki Nakazawa

Masaki Takeguchi

Toshiaki Tanigaki

Resolution improvement of differential phase-contrast microscopy via tilt-series acquisition for environmental cell application

通过倾斜系列采集提高环境细胞应用中的差分相衬显微镜分辨率

短名	Microscopy (Tokyo)
Journal Impact	1.44
国际分区	MICROSCOPY(Q3)
期刊索引	SCI Q4中科院 4 区

ISSN	2050-5698, 2050-5701
h-index	59
国内分区	工程技术(4区)工程技术显微镜技术(4区)

涉及主题	物理材料科学化学量子力学光学工程类生物纳米技术计算机科学有机化学复合材料医学化学工程病理透射电子显微镜电子显微镜生物化学核物理学冶金遗传学人工智能
出版信息	出版商: Oxford University Press，出版周期: ，期刊类型: journal，开源期刊: 否
基本数据	创刊年份: 2013，原创研究文献占比: 94.81%，自引率:6.70%， Gold OA占比: 21.21%

Microscopy (Oxford, England)

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Identifying proteins in the cell by tagging techniques for cryo-electron microscopy

In situ TEM study from the perspective of holders

Dose-efficient phase-contrast imaging of thick weak phase objects via OBF STEM using a pixelated detector

Improved Dopant Fraction Variance Estimation in Statistical ALCHEMI Based on Correct Error Propagation Rule

Acceptance characterization of electron detector in SEM using stainless steel sphere

Dose-efficient phase-contrast imaging of thick weak phase objects via OBF STEM using a pixelated detector

Improved Dopant Fraction Variance Estimation in Statistical ALCHEMI Based on Correct Error Propagation Rule

Recent advancement and human tissue applications of volume electron microscopy

Acceptance characterization of electron detector in SEM using stainless steel sphere

Resolution improvement of differential phase-contrast microscopy via tilt-series acquisition for environmental cell application