African Journal of Primary Health Care and Family Medicine

Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) continue to pose a significant challenge to global healthcare systems. In African contexts, diabetes ranks among the top four NCDs. The disease often goes undetected because patients are commonly asymptomatic in the early stages. Screening, early diagnosis and patient education may prolong life and reduce costs associated with managing the disease.Aim: To identify risk factors for diabetes among community members in Windhoek.Setting: Data were gathered during a health-screening outreach programme in Otjomuise, a peri-urban settlement near Windhoek, Namibia.Methods: An observational analytical cross-sectional study design was used, measuring weight, height, abdominal girth, random blood glucose (RBG) levels, lipid counts, and blood pressure in 342 participants. Descriptive analysis determined the percentage of participants with abnormal measurements indicating diabetes risk.Results: Analysis showed that 77% of participants had multiple risk factors for diabetes. Specifically, 67% had elevated RBG levels, 58% had elevated blood pressure, 45% had elevated body mass index, and 26% had raised lipid counts.Conclusion: These findings align with existing literature, which shows a significant portion of community members have undetected risk factors that may predispose them to the development of diabetes. Early detection, targeted interventions and ongoing monitoring for individuals with risk factors can save lives and reduce costs. Larger-scale research is necessary to better quantify the prediabetic population across various African contexts.Contribution: This study highlights the urgent need for early diabetes detection and intervention strategies in diverse African communities.

Michelle C. Delpaul

Craig Vincent-Lambert

African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine

Presence of diabetic risk factors within a sample of community members in Windhoek, Namibia

纳米比亚温得和克社区成员中糖尿病风险因素的存在情况

Doreen K. Kaura

Launching the Maternal and Neonatal section in the Primary Health Care and Family Medicine journal

在初级卫生保健和家庭医学期刊中开设母婴保健专栏

Combining key elements from the learning tools of reflection, feedback and debriefing into a single reflective event is a novel concept. This powerful combination amalgamates into a tool useful in experiential learning. Linking the three concepts in a way that combines self-reflection in a debriefing framework, powered by trusted peer feedback resulted in a new teaching tool. It was piloted within the clinical setting of the primary health care (PHC) clinics in the Saldanha Bay sub-district in South Africa among final (6th) year undergraduate medical students of the University of Cape Town. This sub-district is a peri-urban community and encompasses a district health care system with less resources in both human and infrastructure than in an urban area. Being intentional and analytical as to optimal use of every resource not only impacts the students but also alleviates the pressure on clinician supervisors of activities. Pairing students alleviates the pressure of the insufficient number of consultation rooms for solo consultations and the pressure on the single supervising clinician when the consultations are conducted simultaneously. Using this tool at the end of the session facilitates the reflection and experiential learning of both the students individually. Self-reports indicated this tool kept both students engaged throughout all consultations and facilitated peer learning Alternating between being the doctor and the observer and knowing what roles entailed, the students never felt victimised in the reflection and feedback on their performance. And individually they developed their self-reflection and providing feedback as life skills.

Liesl Visser

Nazlie Beckett

The integrated reflective feedback tool: Experiential learning in resource limited settings

综合反思反馈工具：资源有限环境中的体验式学习

Background: People who inject drugs (PWID) are known to have higher rates of mental health disorders, particularly depression. Despite this, there is a lack of research on the prevalence of depression among PWID in Nigeria.Aim: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms and their determinants among PWID.Setting: The study was conducted in Kaduna State, Northwest Nigeria where a needle and syringe programme (NSP) for PWID was recently initiated.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among PWID using a multi-stage sampling technique. Data were collected using structured interviews and digitalised questionnaires covering socio-demographics, depression symptoms (PHQ-9) and perceived social support (MSPSS).Results: A total of 525 participants were included in the study, with the majority being males (73.3%) aged 24–35 years (54.5%). The study revealed a high prevalence of depressive symptoms among PWID, with 47.4% reporting major symptoms. Predictors of depression identified among PWID included older age, female gender, divorce, unemployment, having primary education and moderate social support.Conclusion: The study underscored a concerning prevalence of depressive symptoms among PWID, notably linked to diverse sociodemographic factors, emphasising the need for holistic, context-specific mental healthcare approaches for this population.Contribution: This study contributes to the limited research on the mental health of PWID in Nigeria. It highlights the need for targeted mental health interventions that consider the unique sociodemographic characteristics of this population.

Nuhu N. Butawa

Awawu G. Nmadu

Sunday Audu

Fidelis O. Ajuonuma

Khadeejah L. Hamza

Sunday Joseph

Abdullateef G. Sule

Joel Adze

Victoria N. Omole

Moroof O. Suleman

Suleiman Usman

Depressive symptoms and determinants among people who inject drugs in Kaduna State, Nigeria

尼日利亚卡杜纳州注射毒品人群的抑郁症状及其决定因素

Background: There is paucity of data regarding the prevalence of common mental disorders (CMDs) in people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Ekurhuleni Health District (EHD), South Africa. Also, there is an association between CMDs and poor HIV treatment outcomes. Guidelines therefore recommend that healthcare practitioners screen for CMDs in PLHIV.Aim: To determine the prevalence and correlates of CMDs in PLHIV in primary health care facilities in Ekurhuleni district.Setting: Seven primary health facilities in Ekurhuleni district.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in which data were collected from 403 randomly selected participants, using a questionnaire that incorporated the scores of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9, generalised anxiety disorder (GAD)-7 and substance use disorder (SUD) criteria of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM 5). The proportion screening positive for CMDs was calculated. ‘R’ statistical software was used for univariate and multivariate analysis, with a confidence interval (CI) of 95%.Results: Most participants (63%) were female and the mean age was 43 ± 11 years. Forty per cent of participants screened positive for CMDs, 16.6%, 15.1% and 24.1% screened positive for depression, GAD and SUD, respectively. Common mental disorders were associated with poor adherence and HIV non-suppression, while increasing age and being female were associated with reduced risk of CMDs. The risk of severe SUDs in males was 11 times compared to females. During assessment, clinicians screened only 16%, 14% and 40% of the cohort for depression, GAD and SUDs, respectively.Conclusion: The prevalence of CMDs remains high. Adherence to recommendations to screen for CMDs in PLHIV is low.Contribution: This study reveals a low CMD screening rate, estimates the prevalence of CMDs in PLHIV in Ekurhuleni district, and its impact.

Aniekan Edet

Samuel Agbo

Afolake A. Amodu

Nwabisa N. Edet

Prevalence and correlates of common mental disorders in people living with HIV in primary health care facilities in Ekurhuleni district

艾克赫鲁尼区基层医疗机构中HIV感染者常见精神障碍的流行率及相关因素

Innocent K. Besigye

Mpundu Makasa

Martha Makwero

Jacob S. Shabani

Sunanda Ray

Next steps for the East, Central and Southern Africa College of Family Physicians (ECSA-CFP)

东、中、南非洲家庭医师学院(ECSA-CFP)的下一步举措

短名	Afr. J. Prim. Health. Care. Fam. Med.
Journal Impact	1.23
国际分区	PRIMARY HEALTH CARE(Q4)

ISSN	2071-2928, 2071-2936
h-index	31

涉及主题	医学经济社会学家庭医学政治学法学病理生物护理部经济增长环境卫生人口学心理学医疗保健内科学人口数学精神科统计地理哲学人类学
出版信息	出版商: AOSIS (Pty) Ltd，出版周期: ，期刊类型: journal，开源期刊: 是
基本数据	创刊年份: 2009，原创研究文献占比: 95.35%，自引率:8.30%， Gold OA占比: 96.34%
期刊费用	$详情
平均审稿周期	网友分享经验：15 Weeks

African Journal of Primary Health Care and Family Medicine

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Presence of diabetic risk factors within a sample of community members in Windhoek, Namibia

Launching the Maternal and Neonatal section in the Primary Health Care and Family Medicine journal

The integrated reflective feedback tool: Experiential learning in resource limited settings

Depressive symptoms and determinants among people who inject drugs in Kaduna State, Nigeria

Prevalence and correlates of common mental disorders in people living with HIV in primary health care facilities in Ekurhuleni district

Launching the Maternal and Neonatal section in the Primary Health Care and Family Medicine journal

Presence of diabetic risk factors within a sample of community members in Windhoek, Namibia

Depressive symptoms and determinants among people who inject drugs in Kaduna State, Nigeria

The integrated reflective feedback tool: Experiential learning in resource limited settings

Next steps for the East, Central and Southern Africa College of Family Physicians (ECSA-CFP)