COATINGS 是一本国际同行评审的涂料和表面工程开放获取期刊。它发表评论、研究文章、通讯和技术说明。我们的目标是鼓励科学家尽可能详细地发表他们的实验和理论结果。论文的长度没有限制。必须提供完整的实验和/或系统细节。此外，该期刊还有一些独特的特点： * 特别欢迎有关研究计划和研究想法的手稿 * 有关计算和实验程序的全部细节的电子文件或软件 - 如果无法以正常方式发表 -可以作为补充材料存放

"Coatings" is an international peer-reviewed open-access journal focused on coatings and surface engineering. The journal publishes comments, research articles, communications, and technical notes, aiming to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no limit on the length of papers, and complete experimental and/or system details must be provided. Additionally, the journal particularly welcomes manuscripts related to research proposals and ideas. Electronic files or software containing all details of computational and experimental procedures, if not publishable in the usual manner, can be stored as supplementary materials.

《Coatings》是一本国际同行评审的开放获取期刊，专注于涂料和表面工程领域。期刊接受评论、研究文章、通讯和技术说明，旨在鼓励科学家详细地发表他们的实验和理论结果。论文长度没有限制，要求提供完整的实验和/或系统细节。此外，期刊还特别欢迎关于研究计划和研究想法的手稿。有关计算和实验程序的完整细节的电子文件或软件，如果无法以常规方式发表，可以作为补充材料存放。

Coatings

In order to investigate the evolution of Chinese lacquering techniques, seven pieces of lacquer Lian from the Warring States Period to the Yuan Dynasty (475 BC–1368 AD) were analyzed by means of cross-section observation, Raman spectroscopy (RS), and thermally assisted hydrolysis and methylation pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (Py-GC/MS). The results revealed that the lacquer Lian consisted of a three-layer structure, encompassing a pigment layer on the surface, an undercoat layer in the middle, and a ground layer. The red mineral pigment utilized was cinnabar, while a combination of Chinese lacquer and drying oil served as the primary organic material. Although lacquering techniques had undergone minimal changes from the Warring States Period to the Yuan Dynasty, the species of drying oil had changed, based on the fact that boiled tung oil was found in the ground layer of lacquerware from the Song Dynasty and the Yuan Dynasty. The present research provides direct evidence for the inheritance and development of Chinese lacquer technology.

Hao Wu

Yang Zhao

Beisong Fang

Jingren Dong

Systematic Investigation into Evolution of Materials and Techniques Used in Lacquer Lian from the Warring States Period to the Yuan Dynasty

战国至元代漆奁材料与工艺演变的系统研究

Increasing evidence shows that the physical properties of biomaterials play an important role in regulating cell behavior and function, especially the mechanical properties of biomaterials. Macrophages can also be multidirectionally regulated by mechanical factors in the microenvironment, which simultaneously mediate biomaterials response that triggered by foreign body reactions (FBR). However, how the stiffness of biomaterials regulates macrophages and the underlying mechanisms are still not well understood. Our study demonstrates that chitosan freeze-dried scaffolds with different elastic modulus can modulate the proliferative capacity, growth morphology and polarization behavior of macrophages. The compression tests and morphology observation confirmed that the prepared lyophilized chitosan scaffolds possessed varied stiffness. The fluorescence staining experiments showed that the RAW macrophage cell lines exhibited differences in proliferation and morphology on the freeze-dried scaffolds with different stiffness. Macrophages in the 5% group (elastic modulus of 106.7 kPa) had the largest number and mean cell area. Furthermore, ELISA and qPCR results illustrated that macrophage polarization towards the M1/M2 phenotype was strongly influenced by the stiffness of the lyophilized scaffolds. The study may provide new insights and references for designing the elastic moduli of biomaterials for regulating immune responsiveness.

Jiawei Xu

Wenchao Guan

Yan Kong

Fang Liu

Yahong Zhao

Guicai Li

Yumin Yang

Regulation of Macrophage Behavior by Chitosan Scaffolds with Different Elastic Modulus

不同弹性模量壳聚糖支架对巨噬细胞行为的调控

The high humidity of marine atmosphere and the existence of corrosive chloride ions lead to the premature corrosion failure of aluminum alloy components. The development of surface-strengthening technology provides an opportunity to prolong their service life spans. As a mature surface-strengthening technology, the shot peening process is widely used, owing to its advantages over other strengthening technologies, including its easy operation and high production rate. The shot-peened surface integrity depends on shot peening variables that introduces the thermomechanical effect to the deformed surface layer. When the inappropriate shot peening parameters are adopted, the shot-peened surface integrity could be deteriorated, which further weakens the corrosion performance of the surface. Therefore, it is essential to optimize shot peening process variables with the consideration of the material and its application. In this paper, the strengthening mechanism of the shot peening process was firstly elaborated, and then the effects of process parameters on the surface integrity of aluminum alloy were reviewed. The relationship between the surface integrity and corrosion resistance was also revealed. Two directions, including the application of the surface temperature rise during the shot peening process and the shot-peened surface roughening, are proposed.

Hao Huang

Jintao Niu

Xiangtao Xing

Qichao Lin

Hongtang Chen

Yang Qiao

Effects of the Shot Peening Process on Corrosion Resistance of Aluminum Alloy: A Review

喷丸处理对铝合金耐腐蚀性能影响的综述

A comprehensive analysis was conducted to examine the crystal phase composition, surface and cross-section morphology, elemental composition, thickness, and corrosion resistance of coatings. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was employed to investigate the texture and crystal phase of the materials while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were utilized to assess the surface and cross-section structure. Additionally, electrochemical techniques were employed to evaluate the corrosion performance. Compared to DC electroplating, the corrosion potential of pulsed galvanized ferroalloy alloy coating increased from −1031 mV to −1008 mV, and the corrosion current density decreased from 3.122 × 10−5 A∙cm−2 to 0.321 × 10−5 A∙cm−2. Moreover, the corrosion rate value of the coating obtained by the pulse rectifier (0.386 × 10−5 g m−2 h−1) was lower than that obtained by the DC power supply (3.75 × 10−5 g m−2 h−1). Additionally, pulsed electrodeposition reduced the iron content of the coating by 0.7%, thereby enhancing its corrosion resistance and flatness. The impedance parameters of the zinc–iron alloy coating acquired through the 30% duty cycle monopulser process exhibit superior performance compared to DC electroplating. Evidently, the monopulse coating’s structure enhances crystal packing density, augments coating thickness, improves adhesion to the substrate interface, and optimizes grain distribution uniformity. These factors are crucial determinants of the corrosion behavior exhibited by Ze–Fe coating.

Fan Cao

Jianpeng Wang

Yuli Lian

Yuanhao Wang

Xue Wang

Xiaomin Wang

Aiqing Song

Lei Shi

A Study on the Influence of the Electroplating Process on the Corrosion Resistance of Zinc-Based Alloy Coatings

电镀工艺对锌基合金镀层耐腐蚀性能影响的研究

The high specific strength, good corrosion resistance, and great biocompatibility make titanium and its alloys the ideal materials for biomedical metallic implants. Ti-6Al-4V alloy is the most employed in practical biomedical applications because of the excellent combination of strength, fracture toughness, and corrosion resistance. However, recent studies have demonstrated some limits in biocompatibility due to the presence of toxic Al and V. Consequently, scientific literature has reported novel biomedical β-Ti alloys containing biocompatible β-stabilizers (such as Mo, Ta, and Zr) studying the possibility to obtain similar performances to the Ti-6Al-4V alloys. The aim of this review is to highlight the corrosion resistance of the passive layers on biomedical Ti-6Al-4V and β-type Ti alloys in the human body environment by reviewing relevant literature research contributions. The discussion is focused on all those factors that influence the performance of the passive layer at the surface of the alloy subjected to electrochemical corrosion, among which the alloy composition, the method selected to grow the oxide coating, and the physicochemical conditions of the body fluid are the most significant.

Patrizia Bocchetta

Liang-Yu Chen

Juliana Dias Corpa Tardelli

Andréa Cândido dos Reis

Facundo Almeraya-Calderón

Paola Leo

Passive Layers and Corrosion Resistance of Biomedical Ti-6Al-4V and β-Ti Alloys

生物医学Ti-6Al-4V和β-Ti合金的被动层与耐腐蚀性

To address the issues of low trajectory planning efficiency, high motion impact, and poor operational stability in robotic arms during the automatic loading and unloading of aluminum blocks in coating machinery, a time-optimal trajectory optimization method based on a dynamically adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is proposed. First, the loading and unloading process of aluminum block components is described, followed by a kinematic analysis of the robotic arm in joint space. Then, the “3-5-3” hybrid polynomial interpolation method is used to fit the robotic arm’s motion trajectory and simulate the analysis. Finally, with the robotic arm’s operation time as the objective function, the dynamically adaptive PSO algorithm is applied to optimize the trajectory constructed by hybrid polynomial interpolation, achieving time-optimal trajectory planning for aluminum block handling. The results demonstrate that the proposed method successfully reduces the trajectory planning times for condition 1 and condition 2 from 6 s to 3.59 s and 3.14 s, respectively, improving overall efficiency by 40.2% and 47.7%. This confirms the feasibility of the method and significantly enhances the efficiency of automated loading and unloading tasks for aluminum blocks in coating machinery. The proposed method is highly adaptable and well-suited for real-time trajectory optimization of robotic arms. It can also be broadly applied to other robotic systems and manufacturing processes, enhancing operational efficiency and stability.

Jiaqi Liu

Shanhui Liu

Mei Song

Huiran Ren

Haiyang Ji

Time-Optimal Robotic Arm Trajectory Planning for Coating Machinery Based on a Dynamic Adaptive PSO Algorithm

基于动态自适应PSO算法的涂布机械臂时间最优轨迹规划

A detailed understanding of the physical essence of the interaction between a femtosecond laser and its target material remains an important and challenging goal. In this paper, the thermoelastic vibration behavior of nickel films irradiated by a femtosecond laser is studied by a molecular dynamics method combined with a two-temperature model. The model fully defines the spatial distribution of laser energy, the photoelectron coupling, and the electron-lattice coupling, and elucidates the temperature and stress evolution within the nickel film under femtosecond laser irradiation. Furthermore, the whole process and the mechanism of thermoelastic vibration is revealed at the atomic level. The thermoelastic vibration is divided into two stages, including continuous expansion during the process of energy relaxation and periodic expansion and contraction after reaching thermal equilibrium. The elastic oscillation of thin films is driven by periodic changes in energy, including the energy of atomic thermal motion and collective atomic motion. The effect of pulse fluence on thermoelastic vibration is also discussed in detail to provide reasonable suggestions for limiting this effect. This study provides the theoretical foundation and a feasible method for a deeper understanding of the interaction mechanisms between femtosecond lasers and materials.

Wanrong Zhao

Yucheng Gu

Zenan Yang

Zhen Zhang

Thermoelastic Vibration of Nickel Film Irradiated by Femtosecond Laser: Molecular Dynamics Study

飞秒激光辐照下镍薄膜的热弹性振动：分子动力学研究

Reducing photoinitiator migration from photocured coatings remains a critical challenge, particularly for applications in food packaging and healthcare products. Here, we report a series of novel UV-LED sensitive oxime ester photoinitiators that possess self-anchoring ability through incorporating polymerizable double bonds into the coumarin chromophore. All photoinitiators exhibit strong absorption around 340 nm and efficient photolysis under 365 nm LED irradiation, showing good initiating efficiency in acrylates and thiol-ene formulations. Migration studies show that the incorporation of polymerizable groups at the oxime ester terminus reduces the migration rate of the residual photoinitiator from 81% to 16.3%, while introducing an allyl group into the coumarin structure further decreases it to 5% and potentially suppresses the migration of low-molecular-weight photolysis products. The dual-functionalized derivative achieves the lowest migration rate of 3%. This molecular design strategy provides an effective approach toward safe UV-LED curable coatings with minimal photoinitiator migration.

Zhihong Chen

Pin Yang

Huaqiao Lu

Shiyun Xiong

Gaole Dai

Zhiquan Li

Self-Anchoring Coumarin Oxime Ester Photoinitiators with Low Migration for UV-LED Curable Coatings

自锚定香豆素肟酯光引发剂用于UV-LED固化涂料的低迁移性研究

In this study, the growth of 2D MoS2 thin films on SiO2/Si substrates was investigated using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micellar solutions, and the effects of SDS concentration and substrate treatment on crystal growth were evaluated. By increasing the SDS concentration, the wettability was improved, and uniform MoS2 crystal growth was promoted by micellar formation. When the SDS concentration exceeded 10−4 mol/L, the static contact angle sharply decreased, indicating uniform 2D material growth. The optimal conditions that enabled a uniform supply of Mo-based precursors were as follows: SDS concentration of 3.5 × 10−4 mol/L; Na2MoO4·2H2O concentration of 1.7 × 10−2 mol/L. The results indicate that solution-based processes using SDS are effective for 2D material growth, and they may be a valuable technique in future thin film device fabrication processes.

Zhunda Zhu

Yuanyuan Liu

Yasuyuki Sawada

Nagahiro Saito

Two-Dimensional Crystal Growth of MoS2 Thin Films from Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Micellar Solutions and Wettability Between Solution and Substrate

基于十二烷基硫酸钠胶束溶液的MoS2薄膜二维晶体生长及溶液与基底间的润湿性

Liquefaction-induced damage can be mitigated through remediation methods, contingent upon a thorough evaluation of liquefaction, which necessitates comprehensive investigation. This paper presents a novel energy-based pore pressure model for the assessment of liquefaction potential, utilizing cyclic triaxial numerical tests. In this model, the energy of the earthquake is quantified using the Arias intensity. The validity of the energy-based pore pressure model was corroborated by the results of cyclic triaxial tests. Based on the validated model, a new methodology that incorporates permeability and the shear stress reduction coefficient was proposed for the evaluation of liquefaction potential. This new approach was further validated through centrifuge tests and numerical simulations. The findings indicate that the proposed method can accurately predict the generation and accumulation of excess pore pressure, thereby demonstrating its efficacy in evaluating ground liquefaction potential.

Jianlei Zhang

Qiangong Cheng

Haozhen Fan

Mengjie Dai

Yan Li

Jiujiang Wu

Yufeng Wang

A New Method for Evaluating Liquefaction by Energy-Based Pore Water Pressure Models

基于能量孔隙水压力模型评估液化的新方法

Abbreviation
Journal Impact	2.89
Quartiles(Global)	PHYSICS, APPLIED(Q2)

ISSN	2079-6412
h-index	71

Publication Information	Publisher: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 2011，Proportion of original research papers: 93.86%，Self Citation Rate:13.80%， Gold OA Rate: 99.76%
Average review cycle	期刊官网数据：平均17.64天网友分享经验：11 Weeks

Coatings

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