ADVANCES IN NUTRITION (AN/ADV NUTR) 发表文献综述，重点关注营养科学家和生物医学研究人员感兴趣的所有领域的关键发现和近期研究。这将包括利用实验动物模型、家畜和人类受试者进行生化、分子和遗传研究的营养相关研究工作。该杂志的其他主要关注点是临床营养学、流行病学和公共卫生以及营养教育。评论文章将关注过去几年取得的进展，而不是在广泛的历史时间范围内的研究进展。

Advances in Nutrition (AN/ADV NUTR) publishes literature reviews that focus on key findings and recent research in all areas of interest to nutrition scientists and biomedical researchers. This includes nutrition-related research utilizing biochemical, molecular, and genetic studies with experimental animal models, livestock, and human subjects. Other major focuses of the journal are clinical nutrition, epidemiology, public health, and nutrition education. Review articles will concentrate on progress made in recent years rather than research advancements over a broad historical timeframe.

《Advances in Nutrition》发表文献综述，重点关注营养科学和生物医学研究领域的关键发现和最新研究。这些研究包括利用实验动物模型、家畜和人类受试者进行的生化、分子和遗传研究。该杂志还特别关注临床营养学、流行病学、公共卫生以及营养教育。评论文章将集中于过去几年的进展，而不是广泛的历史时间范围内的研究成果。

Advances in Nutrition

The WHO recommends exclusive breastfeeding of infants for the first 6 mo of life (EBF-6). We reviewed the evidence behind concerns related to this recommendation. The risk of iron deficiency among EBF-6 infants can be significantly reduced if delayed cord clamping is performed in all newborns. At the moment there is no population-level evidence indicating that exclusive breastfeeding for 6 mo compared with <6 mo increases the risk of developing food allergies. Mild to moderate maternal undernutrition may reduce amounts of some nutrients in breast milk but does not directly diminish milk volume. Persistent reports of insufficient milk by women globally are likely to be the result of lack of access to timely lactation counseling and social support rather than primary biological reasons. All newborns should have their growth, hydration status, and development carefully monitored. In instances where formula supplementation is required, it should be done under the guidance of a qualified provider taking into account that early introduction of breast-milk supplements is a risk factor for early termination of exclusive breastfeeding and any breastfeeding. We found no evidence to support changes to the EBF-6 public health recommendation, although variability in inter-infant developmental readiness is recognized. We suggest that infant and young feeding guidelines make clear that complementary foods should be introduced at around 6 mo of age, taking infant developmental readiness into account.

Rafael Pérez-Escamilla

Gabriela S Buccini

Sofia Segura-Pérez

Ellen Piwoz

Perspective: Should Exclusive Breastfeeding Still Be Recommended for 6 Months?

Microbiota in early life is closely associated with the health of infants, especially premature ones. Probiotics are important drivers of gut microbiota development in preterm infants; however, there is no consensus regarding the characteristics of specific microbiota in preterm infants receiving probiotics. In this study, we performed a meta-analysis of 5 microbiome data sets (1816 stool samples from 706 preterm infants) to compare the gut microbiota of preterm infants exposed to probiotics with that of preterm infants not exposed to probiotics across populations. Despite study-specific variations, we found consistent differences in gut microbial composition and predicted functional pathways between the control and probiotic groups across different cohorts of preterm infants. The enrichment of Acinetobacter, Bifidobacterium, and Lactobacillus spp and the depletion of the potentially pathogenic bacteria Finegoldia, Veillonella, and Klebsiella spp. were the most consistent changes in the gut microbiota of preterm infants supplemented with probiotics. Probiotics drove microbiome transition into multiple preterm gut community types, and notably, preterm gut community type 3 had the highest α-diversity, with enrichment of Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides spp. At the functional level, the major predicted microbial pathways involved in peptidoglycan biosynthesis consistently increased in preterm infants supplemented with probiotics; in contrast, the crucial pathways associated with heme biosynthesis consistently decreased. Interestingly, Bifidobacterium sp. rather than Lactobacillus sp. gradually became dominant in gut microbiota of preterm infants using mixed probiotics, although both probiotic strains were administered at the same dosage. Taken together, our meta-analysis suggests that probiotics contribute to reshaping the microbial ecosystem of preterm infants at both the taxonomic and functional levels of the bacterial community. More standardized and relevant studies may contribute to better understanding the crosstalk among probiotics, the gut microbiota, and subsequent disease risk, which could help to give timely nutritional feeding guidance to preterm infants. This systematic review and meta-analysis was registered at PROSPERO (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/) as CRD42023447901.

Pandi He

Leilei Yu

Fengwei Tian

Wei Chen

Hao Zhang

Qixiao Zhai

Effects of Probiotics on Preterm Infant Gut Microbiota Across Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Excess salt intake contributes to hypertension and increased cardiovascular disease risk. Efforts to implement effective salt-reduction strategies require accurate data on the sources of salt consumption. We therefore performed a systematic review to identify the sources of dietary salt around the world. We systematically searched peer-reviewed and gray literature databases for studies that quantified discretionary (salt added during cooking or at the table) and nondiscretionary sources of salt and those that provided information about the food groups contributing to dietary salt intake. Exploratory linear regression analysis was also conducted to assess whether the proportion of discretionary salt intake is related to the gross domestic product (GDP) per capita of a country. We identified 80 studies conducted in 34 countries between 1975 and 2018. The majority (n = 44, 55%) collected data on dietary salt sources within the past 10 y and were deemed to have a low or moderate risk of bias (n = 75, 94%). Thirty-two (40%) studies were judged to be nationally representative. Populations in Brazil, China, Costa Rica, Guatemala, India, Japan, Mozambique, and Romania received more than half of their daily salt intake from discretionary sources. A significant inverse correlation between discretionary salt intake and a country's per capita GDP was observed (P < 0.0001), such that for every $10,000 increase in per capita GDP, the amount of salt obtained from discretionary sources was lower by 8.7% (95% CI: 5.1%, 12%). Bread products, cereal and grains, meat products, and dairy products were the major contributors to dietary salt intake in most populations. There is marked variation in discretionary salt use around the world that is highly correlated with the level of economic development. Our findings have important implications for the type of salt-reduction strategy likely to be effective in a country.

Saiuj Bhat

Matti Marklund

Megan E Henry

Lawrence J Appel

Kevin D Croft

Bruce Neal

Jason H Y Wu

A Systematic Review of the Sources of Dietary Salt Around the World

全球膳食盐来源的系统综述

Green tea is made from the leaves of the Camellia sinensis L plant, which is rich in polyphenol catechins and caffeine. There is increasing interest in the potential role of green tea extract (GTE) in fat metabolism and its influence on health and exercise performance. A number of studies have observed positive effects of GTE on fat metabolism at rest and during exercise, following both shorter and longer term intake. However, overall, the literature is inconclusive. The fact that not all studies observed effects may be related to differences in study designs, GTE bioavailability, and variation of the measurement (fat oxidation). In addition, the precise mechanisms of GTE in the human body that increase fat oxidation are unclear. The often-cited in vitro catechol-O-methyltransferase mechanism is used to explain the changes in substrate metabolism with little in vivo evidence to support it. Also, changes in expression of fat metabolism genes with longer term GTE intake have been implicated at rest and with exercise training, including the upregulation of fat metabolism enzyme gene expression in the skeletal muscle and downregulation of adipogenic genes in the liver. The exact molecular signaling that activates changes to fat metabolism gene expression is unclear but may be driven by PPAR-γ coactivator 1-α and PPARs. However, to date, evidence from human studies to support these adaptations is lacking. Clearly, more studies have to be performed to elucidate the effects of GTE on fat metabolism as well as improve our understanding of the underlying mechanisms.

Adrian B. Hodgson

Rebecca K. Randell

Asker E. Jeukendrup

The Effect of Green Tea Extract on Fat Oxidation at Rest and during Exercise: Evidence of Efficacy and Proposed Mechanisms

绿茶提取物对静息和运动期间脂肪氧化的影响：有效性证据及机制探讨

Existing evidence suggests a link between the inflammatory potential of diet and risk of cancer. This study aimed to test the linear and potential nonlinear dose-response associations of the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), as being representative of inflammatory features of the diet, and site-specific cancer risk. A systematic search was conducted with the use of PubMed and Scopus from 2014 to November 2017. Prospective cohort or case-control studies reporting the risk estimates of any cancer type for ≥3 categories of the DII were selected. Studies that reported the association between continuous DII score and cancer risk were also included. Pooled RRs were calculated by using a random-effects model. Eleven prospective cohort studies (total n = 1,187,474) with 28,614 incident cases and 29 case-control studies with 19,718 cases and 33,229 controls were identified. The pooled RRs for a 1-unit increment in the DII were as follows: colorectal cancer, 1.06 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.08; I2 = 72.5%; n = 9); breast cancer, 1.03 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.07; I2 = 84.0%; n = 7); prostate cancer, 1.06 (95% CI: 0.97, 1.15; I2 = 56.2%; n = 6); pancreatic cancer, 1.16 (95% CI: 1.05, 1.28; I2 = 61.6%; n = 2); ovarian cancer, 1.08 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.13; I2 = 0%; n = 2); esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, 1.24 (95% CI: 1.10, 1.38; I2 = 64.3%; n = 2); renal cell carcinoma, 1.08 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.13; I2 = 0%; n = 2); and esophageal adenocarcinoma, 1.26 (95% CI: 1.13, 1.39; I2 = 0%; n = 2). A nonlinear dose-response meta-analysis showed that, after a somewhat unchanged risk within initial scores of the DII, the risk of colorectal cancer increased linearly with increasing DII score. In the analyses of breast and prostate cancers, the risk increased with a very slight trend with increasing DII score. In conclusion, the results showed that dietary habits with high inflammatory features might increase the risk of site-specific cancers.

Ahmad Jayedi

Alireza Emadi

Sakineh Shab-Bidar

Dietary Inflammatory Index and Site-Specific Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis

饮食炎症指数与特定部位癌症风险：系统综述与剂量反应meta分析

Mayra Crespo-Bellido

Gabby Headrick

Miguel Ángel López

Jennifer Holcomb

Ariana Khan

Shanti Sapkota

Kelseanna Hollis-Hansen

A Systematic Review: The Impact of COVID-19 Policy Flexibilities on SNAP and WIC Programmatic Outcomes

系统性综述：COVID-19政策灵活性对SNAP和WIC项目成果的影响

Determining dietary recommendations for seafood consumed during pregnancy, lactation, and childhood requires consideration of the known nutritional benefits and potential harm due to toxicant exposure as they relate to child outcomes.

Rupal Trivedi

Maureen K Spill

Sanjoy Saha

Rachel C Thoerig

Julie S Davis

Amanda J MacFarlane

Seafood toxicant exposure during pregnancy, lactation, and childhood and child outcomes: A scoping review

孕期、哺乳期及儿童期海鲜毒素暴露与儿童结局：范围综述

Jean Debédat

Are we what we breathe? Rethinking air as a nutritional source

我们是我们所呼吸的吗？重新思考空气作为营养来源

Tauseef A Khan

Sabrina Ayoub-Charette

John L Sievenpiper

Non-nutritive Sweeteners and Health: Reconciling Evidence and Interrogating Guideline Disconnects

非营养性甜味剂与健康：调和证据并探究指南分歧

An increasing body of literature supports the clinical benefit of nutritional assessment and optimization in surgical patients; however, this data has yet to be consolidated in a practical fashion for use by surgeons. In this narrative review, we concisely aggregate emerging data to highlight the role of nutritional optimization as a promising, practical perioperative intervention to reduce complications and improve outcomes in surgical patients.

Abbreviation	Adv Nutr
Journal Impact	7.91
Quartiles(Global)	NUTRITION & DIETETICS(Q1)

ISSN	2156-5376, 2161-8313
h-index	132
Top Journals	Yes

Publication Information	Publisher: Elsevier B.V.，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 2010，Proportion of original research papers: 20.47%，Self Citation Rate:2.50%， Gold OA Rate: 99.53%
Average review cycle	网友分享经验：较慢,6-12周

Advances in Nutrition

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