Advanced Optical Technologies

Abstract Contemporary white light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are much more efficient than compact fluorescent lamps and hence are rapidly capturing the market for general illumination. LEDs are also replacing halogen lamps or even newer xenon based lamps in automotive headlamps. Because laser diodes are inherently much brighter and often more efficient than corresponding LEDs, there is great research interest in developing laser diode based illumination systems. Operating at higher current densities and with smaller form factors, laser diodes may outperform LEDs in the future. This article reviews the possibilities and challenges in the integration of visible laser diodes in future illumination systems.

Chandrajit Basu

Merve Meinhardt-Wollweber

Bernhard Roth

Lighting with laser diodes

激光二极管照明

Abstract Extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography is expected to succeed in 193-nm immersion multi-patterning technology for sub-10-nm critical layer patterning. In order to be successful, EUV lithography has to demonstrate that it can satisfy the industry requirements in the following critical areas: power, dose stability, etendue, spectral content, and lifetime. Currently, development of second-generation laser-produced plasma (LPP) light sources for the ASML’s NXE:3300B EUV scanner is complete, and first units are installed and operational at chipmaker customers. We describe different aspects and performance characteristics of the sources, dose stability results, power scaling, and availability data for EUV sources and also report new development results.

Igor Fomenkov

David Brandt

Alex Ershov

Alexander Schafgans

Yezheng Tao

Georgiy Vaschenko

Slava Rokitski

Michael Kats

Michael Vargas

Michael Purvis

Rob Rafac

Bruno La Fontaine

Silvia De Dea

Andrew LaForge

Jayson Stewart

Steven Chang

Matthew Graham

Daniel Riggs

Ted Taylor

Mathew Abraham

Daniel Brown

Light sources for high-volume manufacturing EUV lithography: technology, performance, and power scaling

高产量制造EUV光刻光源：技术、性能与功率扩展

This paper aims to present data recorded by a three-axial Fiber-Optic Rotational Seismograph (FORS). The laboratory and field tests showed a high correlation coefficient above 99% between two seismographs signals during the external disturbance, with an amplitude ranging from 0.5 mrad/s to 1.2 rad/s. This is achieved by ensuring a 100 ns time synchronization in the systems. At the same time, the Allan Variance analysis was applied to determine the basic parameters of random errors of the presented seismographs. The performed analysis indicates the angular random walk of 35–45 nrad/s/√Hz and a bias instability below 50 nrad/s. FORS offers the widest dynamic range available, at 170 dB, which is crucial during rotational seismology exploration due to its wide range of interest from seismology to engineering applications. Finally, a field research is also presented during an explosion in a closed limestone quarry in the border area.

Anna T. Kurzych

Leszek R. Jaroszewicz

Michał Dudek

Rotational motion investigation in seismology – remote sensing by an optical fiber seismograph

地震学中的旋转运动研究——光纤地震仪的遥感技术

Nowadays, as the ever-increasing demand for more powerful computing resources continues, alternative advanced computing paradigms are under extensive investigation. Significant effort has been made to deviate from conventional Von Neumann architectures. In-memory computing has emerged in the field of electronics as a possible solution to the infamous bottleneck between memory and computing processors, which reduces the effective throughput of data. In photonics, novel schemes attempt to collocate the computing processor and memory in a single device. Photonics offers the flexibility of multiplexing streams of data not only spatially and in time, but also in frequency or, equivalently, in wavelength, which makes it highly suitable for parallel computing. Here, we numerically show the use of time and wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) to solve four independent tasks at the same time in a single photonic chip, serving as a proof of concept for our proposal. The system is a time-delay reservoir computing (TDRC) based on a microring resonator (MRR). The addressed tasks cover different applications: Time-series prediction, waveform signal classification, wireless channel equalization, and radar signal prediction. The system is also tested for simultaneous computing of up to 10 instances of the same task, exhibiting excellent performance. The footprint of the system is reduced by using time-division multiplexing of the nodes that act as the neurons of the studied neural network scheme. WDM is used for the parallelization of wavelength channels, each addressing a single task. By adjusting the input power and frequency of each optical channel, we can achieve levels of performance for each of the tasks that are comparable to those quoted in state-of-the-art reports focusing on single-task operation...

Bernard J. Giron Castro

Christophe Peucheret

Darko Zibar

Francesco Da Ros

Multi-task photonic reservoir computing: wavelength division multiplexing for parallel computing with a silicon microring resonator

多任务光子储备计算：利用硅微环谐振器进行波分复用实现并行计算

X-ray ptychography is a coherent diffraction imaging technique that allows for the quantitative retrieval of both the amplitude and phase information of a sample in diffraction-limited resolution. However, traditional reconstruction algorithms require a large number of iterations to obtain phase and amplitude images exactly, and the expensive computation precludes real-time imaging. To solve the inverse problem of ptychography data, PtychoNN uses deep convolutional neural networks for real-time imaging. However, its model is relatively simple, and its accuracy is limited by the size of the training dataset, resulting in lower robustness. To address this problem, a series of W-Net neural network models have been proposed which can robustly reconstruct the object phase information from the raw data. Numerical experiments demonstrate that our neural network exhibits better robustness, superior reconstruction capabilities and shorter training time with high-precision ptychography imaging.

Chengye Xing

Lei Wang

Yangyang Mu

Yu Li

Guangcai Chang

W1-Net: a highly scalable ptychography convolutional neural network

W1-Net：一种高度可扩展的叠层卷积神经网络

The results obtained for new dual-cladding optical fiber tapers surrounded by liquid crystal (LC) doped with Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles in a specially developed glass cell are presented. The created structures are sensitive to changes in refractive index values in the surrounding medium caused by modifying external environment parameters. In this investigation, cells are filled with nematic LCs 6CHBT and with the same mixture doped with 0.1 wt% and 0.5 wt% of magnetic nanoparticles (Fe 3 O 4 NPs). The taper is made on a standard single-mode telecommunication fiber, stretched out to a length of 20.0 ± 0.5 mm, and the diameter of the tapers is approximately 15.0 ± 0.3 μm, with a loss lower than 0.5 dB @ 1,550 nm. Measurements are carried out in a wide range covering the visible and infrared ranges in two setups: 1) without a magnetic field, with steering only by voltage and 2) with an applied magnetic field. The presented spectrum results are divided into two ranges according to the parameters of optical spectrum analyzers: 350–1,200 nm and 1,200–2,400 nm. For all investigations, a steering voltage is chosen from the range of 0 to 200 V, which allows for establishing the influence of dopants on transmitted power and time response at different arrangements. Due to the sensitivity of LCs to temperature changes, this paper focuses on measuring at room temperature the effect of the magnetic field on propagation in a fiber optic taper. The proposed solution demonstrates the technology for creating advanced components as a combination of fiber optic technology, LCs, and nanoparticles. The presented results show the possibility of creating new sensors of various external factors such as magnetic or electric fields in miniaturized dimensions.

Michał Niewczas

Karol A. Stasiewicz

Natalia Przybysz

Anna Pakuła

Jan Paczesny

Rafał Zbonikowski

Jerzy Dziaduszek

Przemysław Kula

Technology and research on the influence of liquid crystal cladding doped with magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles on light propagation in an optical taper sensor

磁性Fe3O4纳米颗粒掺杂液晶包层对光纤锥传感器中光传播影响的技术与研究

Optical non-linearities play a crucial role in enabling efficient and ultrafast switching applications that are essential for next-generation photonic devices. ZnS phosphor material produces the best results in terms of increased luminescence quantum yield when doped with certain impurities. Nevertheless, the investigation of the third-order non-linear optical susceptibility of the phosphor materials can be exploited for various switching applications. In this regard, we review the recent advancements in the investigation of non-linear optical properties of ZnS phosphors, where the knowledge of absorption and refraction is utilized in various optical and detector applications. Furthermore, the review highlights strategies employed to enhance the non-linear optical response of phosphor materials as well as a general discussion of an attosecond optical switching scheme which can be used to fabricate devices with petahertz speeds. Consequently, we provide a solution to the unsolved problem of the significant extension of optical limiting applications to switching applications by developing design strategies to manipulate conventional ZnS phosphor material. The potential challenges and future prospects of utilizing phosphor materials for switching applications are also addressed. The strategies for manipulating ZnS phosphor can be generalized for a broad range of other materials by minimizing linear and non-linear losses, while enhancing the values of the non-linear refractive index coefficient. We propose that the figure-of-merit of ZnS material can be enhanced by using a suitable combination of pump and probe wavelength values, which can be useful for optical switching applications.

短名	Adv. Opt. Technol.
Journal Impact	2.16
国际分区	OPTICS(Q2)

ISSN	2192-8576, 2192-8584
h-index	28

涉及主题	物理计算机科学光学材料科学量子力学工程类光电子学化学生物数学有机化学地质学
出版信息	出版商: Frontiers Media SA，出版周期: ，期刊类型: journal，开源期刊: 否
基本数据	创刊年份: 2012，原创研究文献占比: 76.92%，自引率:0.00%， Gold OA占比: 45.83%

Advanced Optical Technologies

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Lighting with laser diodes

Light sources for high-volume manufacturing EUV lithography: technology, performance, and power scaling

Rotational motion investigation in seismology – remote sensing by an optical fiber seismograph

Multi-task photonic reservoir computing: wavelength division multiplexing for parallel computing with a silicon microring resonator

W1-Net: a highly scalable ptychography convolutional neural network

Rotational motion investigation in seismology – remote sensing by an optical fiber seismograph

Multi-task photonic reservoir computing: wavelength division multiplexing for parallel computing with a silicon microring resonator

W1-Net: a highly scalable ptychography convolutional neural network

Technology and research on the influence of liquid crystal cladding doped with magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles on light propagation in an optical taper sensor

Optical non-linearities and applications of ZnS phosphors